Approach strategies and application of metabolomics to biotechnology in plants.

Metabolomics refers to the technology for the comprehensive analysis of metabolites and low-molecular-weight compounds in a biological system, such as cells or tissues. Metabolites play an important role in biological phenomena through their direct involvement in the regulation of physiological mechanisms, such as maintaining cell homeostasis or signal transmission through protein-protein interactions. The current review aims provide a framework for how the integrated analysis of metabolites, their functional actions and inherent biological information can be used to understand biological phenomena related to the regulation of metabolites and how this information can be applied to safety assessments of crops created using biotechnology.

Learning curve for minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion: a systematic review.

Purpose: Minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MI-TLIF) is commonly used to treat degenerative lumbar spinal disorders. It facilitates a full-scale spinal decompression and interbody fusion with minimal neural retraction using the tubular retractor system. Despite the benefits of surgical efficiency and minimalism, this technique requires a long learning curve.

Copper-Coated Polypropylene Filter Face Mask with SARS-CoV-2 Antiviral Ability.

Face masks will be used to prevent pandemic recurrence and outbreaks of mutant SARS-CoV-2 strains until mass immunity is confirmed. The polypropylene (PP) filter is a representative disposable mask material that traps virus-containing bioaerosols, preventing secondary transmission. In this study, a copper thin film (20 nm) was deposited via vacuum coating on a spunbond PP filter surrounding a KF94 face mask to provide additional protection and lower the risk of secondary transmission.

Compositional equivalence assessment of insect-resistant genetically modified rice using multiple statistical analyses.

The safety of transgenic Bt rice containing bacteria-derived gene from (Bt) was assessed by conducting field trials at two locations for two consecutive years in South Korea, using the near-isogenic line comparator rice cultivar ('Ilmi', non-Bt rice) and four commercial cultivars as references. Compositional analyses included measurement of proximates, minerals, amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, and antinutrients. Significant differences between Bt rice and non-Bt rice were detected; however, all differences were within the reference range.

Comparison of the seed nutritional composition between conventional varieties and transgenic soybean overexpressing Physaria FAD3-1.

Background: PfFAD3 transgenic soybean expressing omega-3 fatty acid desaturase 3 of Physaria produces increased level of α-linolenic acid in seed. Composition data of non-transgenic conventional varieties is important in the safety assessment of the genetically-modified (GM) crops in the context of the natural variation.

Results: The natural variation was characterized in seed composition of 13 Korean soybean varieties grown in three locations in South Korea for 2 years.

[Child Safety Injury Experiences, Prevention Behaviors and Educational Needs among Immigrant Vietnamese Women on Jeju Island].

Purpose: Study purpose was to describe the child safety injury experiences, injury prevention behaviors and educational needs of immigrant Vietnamese women on Jeju Island, and to explore associations among those factors.

Methods: A descriptive correlational study was conducted using structured questionnaires to collect data from immigrant Vietnamese women who visited a multicultural centers on Jeju Island from January to April, 2017.

Results: Data from 60 women were analyzed.

Transforaminal Endoscopic Decompression for Lumbar Lateral Recess Stenosis: An Advanced Surgical Technique and Clinical Outcomes.

Objective: The clinical application of endoscopic techniques for lumbar lateral recess stenosis (LRS) is still challenging. This study aimed to describe a transforaminal endoscopic decompression (TED) technique for LRS and to demonstrate its clinical results.

Methods: Two-year follow-up data were collected from 45 consecutive patients who underwent TED for LRS.

Statistical study on the environmental effects on the natural variation of nutritional components in rice varieties.

This study was investigated to compare the natural variation of nutrients in rice variety by different environmental factors. Fifteen kinds of rices were used, which were cultivated in two locations for 2 years. All data were analyzed by the various statistical tools to identify the nutritional variations of nutrients.

Radiographic Assessment on Magnetic Resonance Imaging after Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Foraminotomy.

Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar foraminotomy (ELF) is a novel minimally invasive technique used to treat lumbar foraminal stenosis. However, the validity of foraminal decompression based on quantitative assessment using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has not yet been established. The objective of this study was to investigate the radiographic efficiency of ELF using MRI.

Disrupted Control Network Connectivity in Abstinent Patients with Alcohol Dependence.

Objective: Alcohol causes damage to the brain and is associated with various functional impairments. However, much of the brain damage can be reversed by abstaining for enough time. This study aims to investigate the patterns and degrees of brain function in abstinent patients with alcohol dependence by using resting-state functional connectivity.

Application of corona discharge-generated air ions for filtration of aerosolized virus and inactivation of filtered virus.

The effect of corona discharge-generated air ions on the filtration of aerosolized bacteriophage MS2 was studied. A carbon-fiber ionizer was installed upstream of a medium-efficiency air filter to generate air ions, which were used to charge the virus aerosols and increase their filtration efficiency. After the virus aerosols were captured by the filter for a certain time interval, they were exposed to a newly incoming air ion flow.

Volume of hippocampal subfields in patients with alcohol dependence.

Alcohol-induced hippocampal atrophy has been well documented in many studies and is known to affect various subfields. Given the functional heterogeneity of these subfields, we investigated the precise effects of alcohol-induced damage in these areas. Twenty-six male patients with alcohol dependence (alcohol group) and twenty-six age-matched male healthy social drinkers were recruited from a mental health hospital and the community respectively, with the aim of comparing the hippocampal subfields between groups.

Surface-Based Parameters of Brain Imaging in Male Patients with Alcohol Use Disorder.

Objective: The structural alteration of brain shown in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) can originate from both alcohol effects and genetic or developmental processes. We compared surface-based parameters of patients with AUD with healthy controls to prove the applicability of surface-based morphometry with head size correction and to determine the areas that were sensitive to brain alteration related to AUD.

Methods: Twenty-six abstinent male patients with AUD (alcohol group, mean abstinence=13.

Early Vertebroplasty versus Delayed Vertebroplasty for Acute Osteoporotic Compression Fracture : Are the Results of the Two Surgical Strategies the Same?

Objective: In Korea, early vertebroplasty (EVP) or delayed vertebroplasty (DVP, which is performed at least 2 weeks after diagnosis) were performed for the treatment of acute osteoporotic compression fracture (OCF) of the spine. The present study compared the outcomes of two surgical strategies for the treatment of single-level acute OCF in the thoracolumbar junction (T12-L2).

Methods: From 2004 to 2010, 23 patients were allocated to the EVP group (EVPG) and 27 patients to the DVP group (DVPG).

Influence of Compression Ratio Differences between Magnetic Resonance Images and Simple Radiographs on Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fracture Prognosis after Vertebroplasty.

Objective: The extent of collapse progression after vertebroplasty in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) has known to be various. In this study, we investigated that how much difference of compression ratio between standing simple radiograph and supine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) affects the collapse progression after vertebroplasty.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study was carried out based on 27 patients with 31 OVCFs undergone vertebrplastyin the thoracolumbar junction (T12-L2), from January to December 2009.

Postoperative Cervical Cord Compression Induced by Hydrogel Dural Sealant (DuraSeal®).

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage is a potential complication of cranial and spinal surgery. Postoperative CSF leakage can induce delayed healing, wound infection and meningitis. DuraSeal® (Covidien, Waltham, MA, USA) is a synthetic product which has been increasingly used to facilitate watertight repair of dural defects after cranial and spinal surgery.

Malignant solitary fibrous tumor of tandem lesions in the skull and spine.

A Solitary Fibrous Tumor (Sft) Is A Rare Neoplasm Originated From The Pleura, But They Can Occur In A Variety Of Extrathoracic Regions. Although Many Cases Of Primary Sft Have Been Reported, There Are Extremely Rare Repots To Date Of A Malignant Sft In The Spine Or Skull. A 54-year-woman Visited Our Hospital Due To Low Back Pain And Both Leg Radiating Pain.

Solitary ruptured aneurysm of the spinal artery of adamkiewicz with subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Spinal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) due to solitary spinal aneurysm is extremely rare. A 45-year-old female patient visited the emergency department with severe headache and back pain. Imaging studies showed cerebral SAH in parietal lobe and spinal SAH in thoracolumbar level.

Traumatic Atlanto-occipital Dislocation (AOD).

Objective: Traumatic atlanto-occipital dislocation (AOD) results from high energy trauma and is an uncommon and usually fatal injury due to an injury to the cervicomedullary junction. Recently, improved prehospital management, early diagnosis and effective treatment led to increasing reports of survival. This study of patients with AOD initial imaging modalities recognizes the clinical features and diagnostic considerations for a quick diagnosis.

Korean guideline development for the evaluation of permanent impairment of the spine: proposal by the Korean Academy of Medical Sciences Committee.

The criteria for the evaluation of spinal impairment are diverse, complex, and have no standardized form. This makes it difficult and somewhat troublesome to accurately evaluate spinal impairment patients. A standardized guideline was studied for the evaluation of spinal impairment, based on the American Medical Association (AMA) Guides and the McBride method.

Effects of a cell adhesion molecule coating on the blasted surface of titanium implants on bone healing in the rabbit femur.

Purpose: One strategy to improve implant osseointegration is to control the quality of the bone reaction at the implant-bone tissue interface using an implant coated with biologically active substances. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a tetra-cell adhesion molecule (T-CAM) coating composed of 4 cell-adhesion molecules-an arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) sequence, a proline-histidine-serine-arginine-asparagine (PHSRN) sequence, a tyrosine-histidine sequence (YH), and a glutamic acid-proline-aspartic acid-isoleucine-methionine (EPDIM)-on the rough-surfaced titanium implant on peri-implant bone formation in the rabbit femur with poor local bone conditions and minimal primary stability.

Materials And Methods: Seven T-CAM-coated (blasted/T-CAM) and uncoated (blasted) implants with a rough surface (hydroxyapatite-blasted; Ra = 1.

Eikenella corrodens cervical spinal epidural abscess induced by a fish bone.

Cervical spinal epidural abscess, caused by fish bone injury and a secondary infection by Eikenella corrodens which is part of the normal flora, has not been reported. A 72-yr-old man came to the hospital with pain in his posterior neck and both shoulders for 2 months. He also was experiencing weakness on his right side for 3 days.

Novel design architecture for genetic stability of recombinant poliovirus: the manipulation of G/C contents and their distribution patterns increases the genetic stability of inserts in a poliovirus-based RPS-Vax vector system.

Poliovirus has been studied as a live recombinant vaccine vector because of its attractive characteristics. The genetic instability, however, has hampered recombinant polioviruses (PVs) from being developed as an appropriate vaccine. A variety of different foreign inserts were cloned directly into our poliovirus Sabin 1-based RPS-Vax vector system, resulting in the production of recombinant PVs.