A Cross-sectional Study to Assess Beta-Cell Function in Individuals with Recently Diagnosed Young-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its' Complications.

Objective: The primary objective was to assess beta-cell function of recently-diagnosed young-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) individuals using basal and stimulated C-peptide levels. The secondary objective was to examine the association between C-peptide with metabolic factors and diabetes complications.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted for young-onset T2DM individuals aged 18-35 years with a disease duration of not more than 5 years.

Duane Retraction Syndrome With Mechanical and Innervational Upshoot and Secondary Superior Rectus Contracture: A Surgical Challenge.

Duane retraction syndrome (DRS) with mechanical and innervational upshoot poses a surgical challenge. We discuss a case of DRS with mechanical and innervational upshoot and its surgical management. An 11-year-old boy presented with left eye upward deviation since birth.

Optic Neuropathy in an Autistic Child With Vitamin A Deficiency: A Case Report and Literature Review.

An eight-year-old boy with autism developed gradual onset of vision loss and nyctalopia. Dietary history revealed a diet of only French fries and potato chips for the past four years. As a result, serum vitamin A was severely below the normal level.

Quality of Life of Older Adults with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma using Bahasa Malaysia Version of Glaucoma Quality of Life 36 Questionnaire.

Background: Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (POAG) is an age-related chronic optic neuropathy causing progressive constriction of visual field, which compromised quality of life (QoL) of older adults.

Objective: The study aims to determine the QoL according to the severity of visual field using Bahasa Malaysia version of the Glaucoma Quality of Life- 36 (Glau-QoL 36) in older adults with POAG in Malaysia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in two tertiary hospitals in Malaysia: Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, and Hospital Selayang, Selangor.