An advanced double-phase stacking ensemble technique with active learning classifier: Toward reliable disruption prediction in Aditya tokamak.

Disruptions in tokamak nuclear reactors, where plasma confinement is suddenly lost, pose a serious threat to the reactor and its components. Classifying discharges as disruptive or non-disruptive is crucial for effective plasma operation and advanced prediction. Traditional disruption identification systems often struggle with noise, variability, and limited adaptability.

Distinct SARS-CoV-2 specific NLRP3 and IL-1β responses in T cells of aging patients during acute COVID-19 infection.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) that presents with varied clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic or mild infections and pneumonia to severe cases associated with cytokine storm, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and even death. The underlying mechanisms contributing to these differences are unclear, although exacerbated inflammatory sequelae resulting from infection have been implicated. While advanced aging is a known risk factor, the precise immune parameters that determine the outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection in elderly individuals are not understood.

Data-driven technique for disruption prediction in GOLEM tokamak using stacked ensembles with active learning.

In a tokamak, disruption is defined as losing control over a confined plasma resulting in sudden extinction of the plasma current. Machine learning offers potent solutions to classify plasma discharges into disruptive and non-disruptive classes. Evolving experimental programs reduce the performance of machine learning models, and also, the need for labeling the huge volume of data incurs more labor cost and time.

Fungal Colonization and Infections-Interactions with Other Human Diseases.

is a commensal fungus that asymptomatically colonizes the skin and mucosa of 60% of healthy individuals. Breaches in the cutaneous and mucosal barriers trigger candidiasis that ranges from asymptomatic candidemia and mucosal infections to fulminant sepsis with 70% mortality rates. Fungi influence at least several diseases, in part by mechanisms such as the production of pro-carcinogenic agents, molecular mimicking, and triggering of the inflammation cascade.

The Role of Dectin-1 Signaling in Altering Tumor Immune Microenvironment in the Context of Aging.

An increased accumulation of immune-dysfunction-associated CD4Foxp3 regulatory T cells (T) is observed in aging oral mucosa during infection. Here we studied the function of T during oral cancer development in aging mucosa. First, we found heightened proportions of T and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) accumulating in mouse and human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tissues.

Can employment in a café change Clientele Attitude towards the staff when they are Persons with Mental Illness?

Background: Clientele's attitude toward Persons with Mental Illness (PwMI) changes over a period of time. The aim of this study was to explore and understand how and whether perception about PwMI changes when they are seen working like persons without mental illness among those availing services of ROSes café at NIMHANS, Bengaluru.

Methods: The descriptive research design was adopted with purposive sampling.

IL-1β-MyD88-mTOR Axis Promotes Immune-Protective IL-17AFoxp3 Cells During Mucosal Infection and Is Dysregulated With Aging.

CD4Foxp3T maintain immune homeostasis, but distinct mechanisms underlying their functional heterogeneity during infections are driven by specific cytokine milieu. Here we show that MyD88 deletion in Foxp3 cells altered their function and resulted in increased fungal burden and immunopathology during oral (CA) challenge. Excessive inflammation due to the absence of MyD88 in T coincided with a reduction of the unique population of IL-17A expressing Foxp3 cells (T17) and an increase in dysfunctional IFN-γ/Foxp3 cells (TIFN-γ) in infected mice.

Microbiome Dependent Regulation of T and Th17 Cells in Mucosa.

Mammals co-exist with resident microbial ecosystem that is composed of an incredible number and diversity of bacteria, viruses and fungi. Owing to direct contact between resident microbes and mucosal surfaces, both parties are in continuous and complex interactions resulting in important functional consequences. These interactions govern immune homeostasis, host response to infection, vaccination and cancer, as well as predisposition to metabolic, inflammatory and neurological disorders.

Mitotic phosphorylation of SUN1 loosens its connection with the nuclear lamina while the LINC complex remains intact.

At the onset mitosis in higher eukaryotes, the nuclear envelope (NE) undergoes dramatic deconstruction to allow separation of duplicated chromosomes. Studies have shown that during this process of nuclear envelope breakdown (NEBD), the extensive protein networks of the nuclear lamina are disassembled through phosphorylation of lamins and several inner nuclear membrane (INM) proteins. The LINC complex, composed of SUN and nesprin proteins, is involved in multiple interactions at the NE and plays vital roles in nuclear and cellular mechanics by connecting the nucleus to the cytoskeleton.

Case Series of Umbilical and Extra-umbilical Port Site Herniae.

Trocar site hernia or port site hernia (PSH) is a type of incisional hernia occurring at the trocar sites after laparoscopic surgeries. This is a rare but a potentially dangerous complication, as it can lead to considerable morbidity requiring surgical intervention. Various factors have been implicated for its development and various methods are also suggested for its prevention.

Multiple metachronous malignancies, one patient with three primary malignancies.

Development of a primary cancer after treatment of the first with radiotherapy or chemotherapy is well documented, but it is common with hematological malignancies. Variety of reasons are suggested by various researchers, but a conclusive evidence is not yet available. Excepting a few correlations like the tamoxifen therapy and endometrial cancer, angiosarcoma of the breast following radiotherapy, occurrence of other metachronous malignancies seem to be dependent on genetic and environmental factors.

Metachronous colorectal malignancies.

Colorectal cancers (CRC) diagnosed 6 months after primary surgery for colorectal tumors are defined as metachronous CRC. Colonoscopy is the only reliable investigation for diagnosis. Favourable prognosis and survival is seen after conservative resection for metachronous CRCs.

Synovial sarcoma of anterior abdominal wall.

Sarcomas are connective tissue tumours, and can arise in any part of the body, more commonly in the extremities. Histological types and clinical presentation of truncal sarcomas are similar to those seen in any other anatomic locations. Radiological investigations may be contributory, but biopsy is conclusive.