Predictors for timely initiation of breastfeeding after birth in the hospitals of Nepal- a prospective observational study.

Background: Timely initiation of breastfeeding can reduce neonatal morbidities and mortality. We aimed to study predictors for timely initiation of breastfeeding (within 1 h of birth) among neonates born in hospitals of Nepal.

Method: A prospective observational study was conducted in four public hospitals between July and October 2018.

The burden of adolescent motherhood and health consequences in Nepal.

Background: Annually, 18 million babies are born to mothers 18 years or less. Two thirds of these births take place in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. Due to social and biological factors, adolescent mothers have a higher risk of adverse birth outcomes.

Prevalence of Postpartum Family Planning Service Coverage in Selected Referral Facilities of Nepal.

Introduction: Nepal Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists jointly with the Nepalese government and with the support from the International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology has implemented an initiative to institutionalize postpartum family planning services in selected major referral facilities of Nepal to address the gap of low uptake of postpartum family planning in Nepal. The aim of the study is to find the prevalence of the service coverage of postpartum contraception in the selected facilities.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in seven major referral facilities across Nepal.

Improving post-partum family planning services provided by female community health volunteers in Nepal: a mixed methods study.

Background: Family planning services in the post-partum period, termed post-partum family planning (PPFP) is critical to cover the unmet need for contraception, especially when institutional delivery rates have increased. However, the intention to choose PPFP methods such as post-partum intrauterine devices (PPIUD) remains low in countries such as Nepal. Community health workers such as Female Community Health Volunteers (FCHVs) could play an important role in improving the service coverage of PPFP in Nepal.

Factors affecting the behavior outcomes on post-partum intrauterine contraceptive device uptake and continuation in Nepal: a qualitative study.

Background: The use of post-partum family planning (PPFP) methods such as post-partum intrauterine device (PPIUD) in general remains low despite its benefits for the women. The reasons or factors affecting the uptake and continuation of such PPFP methods in developing countries such as Nepal remains unclear. This qualitative research aims to explore the factors affecting PPIUD uptake and continuation related behaviors among post-partum mothers within 6 weeks of childbirth in Nepal.

Feasibility assessment of an ergonomic baby wrap for kangaroo mother care: A mixed methods study from Nepal.

Background: Kangaroo mother care, an evidence based practice and a national policy for management of low birth weight newborns in Nepal, is not widely practiced. This implementation research study aimed to explore the consumer preference and acceptability of the traditional and a new ergonomic wrap on the continuation of kangaroo mother care in the facility and community following discharge.

Methods: A mixed method feasibility study was done from May to October 2015.

Giant Ovarian Mucinous Cystadenoma Complicating Term Pregnancy.

Huge ovarian cyst are found in less than 1% of all ovarian cyst in pregnancy and are associated with poor feto-maternal outcome. A 28 years old G2P1 with history of normal vaginal delivery 3 years back was referred from local health post with complains of intermittent pain abdomen at 29 weeks. Her scan showed huge ovarian cyst of 18.

Interrupted abdominal closure prevents burst: randomized controlled trial comparing interrupted-x and conventional continuous closures in surgical and gynecological patients.

Reduction in the risk of abdominal dehiscence with application of interrupted method of laparotomy closure and comparison with risk of burst with continuous method of closure. Three hundred forty eight patients undergoing laparotomy (114-elective gynecology, 114-emergency gynecology, 120-emergency surgery) were randomized into three arms to undergo closure with continuous, interrupted-X, and Modified Smead-Jones suturing techniques. Burst abdomen occurring up to 4 weeks of operation.

Kinetics of proton transfer between ortho substituted benzoic acids and the carbinol base of crystal violet in toluene. Ortho effect on the reactivity of benzoic acids in apolar aprotic solvents.

Apolar aprotic solvents are particularly advantageous for investigating the intrinsic ortho effect free from complications of specific solvent effects. A kinetic study for toluene-phase proton transfers between ortho F, Cl, Br, I, OMe, OEt, OPh, OAc, Me, NO(2), COMe, COPh, OH, NH(2), and H benzoic acids and crystal violet carbinol base has shown the forward rate constant (log k(+1)) is the most appropriate reactivity parameter in toluene. log k(+1) (toluene) as compared to other reported reactivity parameters in benzene, toluene, or chlorobenzene has been found more sensitive to the ortho substituent effect.

Uterine rupture: preventable obstetric tragedies?

Background: Although ruptured uterus is nowadays a rare obstetric emergency in Western countries, it is still alarmingly common in developing countries, where it remains a major cause of maternal mortality and morbidity.

Aims: To review the recent experience of uterine rupture at a tertiary obstetric unit in eastern Nepal and to recommend improvements in the current management of labour, especially obstructed labour, in a poorly resourced country.

Methods: All cases of uterine rupture managed from March 2002 to March 2006 were identified retrospectively, and details were retrieved from medical records.