Retinoic Acid-Mediated Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells to Neuronal Cells.

The capability of pluripotent embryonic stem cells (ESCs) to proliferate and differentiate into specific lineages makes them an important avenue of research in the field of cell therapy as well as a useful model to study patterns of differentiation and gene expression, recapitulating many events that occur during the very early stages of development of the mammalian embryo. With striking similarities that exist between inherently programmed embryonic development of the nervous system in vivo and the differentiation of ESCs in vitro, they have already been used to treat locomotive and cognitive deficits caused by brain injury in rodents. A suitable differentiation model thus empowers us with all these opportunities.

LncRNA Hmrhl regulates expression of cancer related genes in chronic myelogenous leukemia through chromatin association.

Long non-coding RNA has emerged as a key regulator of myriad gene functions. One such lncRNA mrhl, reported by our group, was found to have important role in spermatogenesis and embryonic development in mouse. Recently, its human homolog, Hmrhl was shown to have differential expression in several type of cancers.

LncRNA Mrhl orchestrates differentiation programs in mouse embryonic stem cells through chromatin mediated regulation.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been well-established to act as regulators and mediators of development and cell fate specification programs. LncRNA Mrhl (meiotic recombination hotspot locus) has been shown to act in a negative feedback loop with WNT signaling to regulate male germ cell meiotic commitment. In our current study, we have addressed the role of Mrhl in development and differentiation using mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) as our model system of study.

γH2AX formation kinetics in PBMCs of rabbits exposed to acute and fractionated radiation and attenuation of focus frequency through preadministration of a combination of podophyllotoxin and rutin hydrate.

DNA damage can be assessed by the quantitation of γH2AX foci that form at DSB sites. This study examines the generation and persistence of γH2AX foci, variability in foci size after acute and fractionated radiation exposure, and the effect of pretreatment with a safe radioprotective formulation termed G-003M on foci generation and persistence. G-003M contains a combination of podophyllotoxin and rutin hydrate, and was administered intramuscularly to rabbits 1 hr prior to Co(60) gamma irradiation.

Countering effects of a combination of podophyllotoxin, podophyllotoxin β-D-glucoside and rutin hydrate in minimizing radiation induced chromosomal damage, ROS and apoptosis in human blood lymphocytes.

The present study was conceptualized with the aim of developing a safe radioprotector for human application against radiation induced toxicity. For this study, a formulation (G-002M) prepared by combining three active principles isolated from rhizomes of Podophyllum hexandrum, was evaluated for its potential to protect genomic DNA of human blood cells exposed to different doses of radiation (5,7&10Gy). Blood samples were pretreated (-1hr to exposure) with G-002M.

Alleviation of radiation-induced genomic damage in human peripheral blood lymphocytes by active principles of Podophyllum hexandrum: an in vitro study using chromosomal and CBMN assay.

This study was aimed to evaluate the protection against radiation of human peripheral blood lymphocytic DNA by a formulation of three isolated active principles of Podophyllum hexandrum (G-002M). G-002M in various concentrations was administered 1h prior to irradiation in culture media containing blood. Radioprotective efficacy of G-002M to lymphocytic DNA was estimated using various parameters such as dicentrics, micronuclei (MN), nucleoplasmic bridges (NPB) and nuclear buds (NuB) in binucleated cells.