OsMYB14, an R2R3-MYB transcription factor, regulates plant height through the control of hormone metabolism in rice.

Plant growth must be regulated throughout the plant life cycle. The myeloblastosis (MYB) transcription factor (TF) family is one of the largest TF families and is involved in metabolism, lignin biosynthesis, and developmental processes. Here, we showed that OsMYB14, a rice R2R3-MYB TF, was expressed in leaves and roots, especially in rice culm and panicles, and that it localized to the nucleus.

The Phytophthora nucleolar effector Pi23226 targets host ribosome biogenesis to induce necrotrophic cell death.

Pathogen effectors target diverse subcellular organelles to manipulate the plant immune system. Although the nucleolus has emerged as a stress marker and several effectors are localized in the nucleolus, the roles of nucleolar-targeted effectors remain elusive. In this study, we showed that Phytophthora infestans infection of Nicotiana benthamiana results in nucleolar inflation during the transition from the biotrophic to the necrotrophic phase.

Histopathologic Analysis of Surgically Resected Lungs of Patients with Non-tuberculous Mycobacterial Lung Disease: a Retrospective and Hypothesis-generating Study.

Non-tuberculous mycobacterial lung disease (NTM-LD) is most commonly due to species within the complex (MAC) and complex (MAbC). Surgical lung resection, typically a lobectomy or segmentectomy, is occasionally undertaken for individuals with recalcitrant but localized NTM-LD. Since the growth characteristics of MAC (slow growers) and MAbC (rapid growers) as well as their drug susceptibility patterns are significantly different, the objective of this study is to characterize and compare the histopathologic features of the resected lungs due to these two major NTM groups.

Predictors of residual pulmonary vascular obstruction after anticoagulation monotherapy in patients with intermediate-risk pulmonary embolism.

Background: Patients with intermediate-risk pulmonary embolism (PE) can be treated with anticoagulation monotherapy. However, clinicians are concerned as to whether anticoagulation monotherapy is sufficient to reduce mortality in patients with a large embolic burden, and to resolve vascular obstruction. We investigated whether anticoagulation monotherapy was appropriate in patients with intermediate risk PE in terms of the occurrence of residual pulmonary vascular obstruction (RPVO), and the factors that independently predict the occurrence of RPVO.

Glucose deprivation enhances resistance to paclitaxel via ELAVL2/4-mediated modification of glycolysis in ovarian cancer cells.

The dysregulation of glycolysis regardless of oxygen availability is one of the major characteristics of cancer cells. While the drug resistance of ovarian cancer cells has been extensively studied, the molecular mechanism of anticancer drug resistance under low-glucose conditions remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the pathway mediating drug resistance under low-glucose conditions by examining the relationship between embryonic lethal abnormal vision Drosophila homolog-like (ELAVL) protein and glycolysis-related enzymes.

TrkB/C-induced HOXC6 activation enhances the ADAM8-mediated metastasis of chemoresistant colon cancer cells.

The abnormal expression of tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk) serves an important role in the promotion of cancer progression. Homeobox C6 (HOXC6) and A disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain‑containing 8 (ADAM8) are associated with the invasiveness of cancer cells. However, the exact relationship between these molecules and their downstream signaling pathways in chemoresistant colon cancer cells are largely unknown.

Structural and functional similarities and differences in nucleolar Pumilio RNA-binding proteins between Arabidopsis and the charophyte Chara corallina.

Background: Pumilio RNA-binding proteins are evolutionarily conserved throughout eukaryotes and are involved in RNA decay, transport, and translation repression in the cytoplasm. Although a majority of Pumilio proteins function in the cytoplasm, two nucleolar forms have been reported to have a function in rRNA processing in Arabidopsis. The species of the genus Chara have been known to be most closely related to land plants, as they share several characteristics with modern Embryophyta.

Author Correction: Comparison of pressure- and volume-controlled ventilation during laparoscopic colectomy in patients with colorectal cancer.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Peptide transporter2 (PTR2) enhances water uptake during early seed germination in Arabidopsis thaliana.

PTR2 in Arabidopsis thaliana is negatively regulated by ABI4 and plays a key role in water uptake by seeds, ensuring that imbibed seeds proceed to germination. Peptide transporters (PTRs) transport nitrogen-containing substrates in a proton-dependent manner. Among the six PTRs in Arabidopsis thaliana, the physiological role of the tonoplast-localized, seed embryo abundant PTR2 is unknown.

Qualitative Analysis of the Disease Experience of Korean Older Men With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

The current qualitative study explored perceptions and experiences of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among Korean male older adults. Six older adults participated in a narrative group interview. Responses were analyzed to describe perceptions and experiences of COPD.

Comparison of pressure- and volume-controlled ventilation during laparoscopic colectomy in patients with colorectal cancer.

This study investigated the differences in airway mechanics and postoperative respiratory complications using two mechanical ventilation modalities and the relationship between biomarkers and postoperative respiratory complications in patients with colorectal cancer who underwent laparoscopic colectomy. Forty-six patients with colorectal cancer scheduled for laparoscopic colectomy were randomly allocated to receive mechanical ventilation using either volume-controlled ventilation (VCV) (n = 23) or pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) (n = 23). Respiratory parameters were measured and plasma sRAGE and S100A12 were collected 20 minutes after the induction of anesthesia in the supine position without pneumoperitoneum (T1), 40 minutes after 30° Trendelenburg position with pneumoperitoneum (T2), at skin closure in the supine position (T3), and 24 hours after the operation (T4).

An Arabidopsis divergent pumilio protein, APUM24, is essential for embryogenesis and required for faithful pre-rRNA processing.

Pumilio RNA-binding proteins are largely involved in mRNA degradation and translation repression. However, a few evolutionarily divergent Pumilios are also responsible for proper pre-rRNA processing in human and yeast. Here, we describe an essential Arabidopsis nucleolar Pumilio, APUM24, that is expressed in tissues undergoing rapid proliferation and cell division.

Genome analysis of Hibiscus syriacus provides insights of polyploidization and indeterminate flowering in woody plants.

Hibiscus syriacus (L.) (rose of Sharon) is one of the most widespread garden shrubs in the world. We report a draft of the H.

A wheat R2R3-MYB protein PURPLE PLANT1 (TaPL1) functions as a positive regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis.

Transcriptional activation of anthocyanin biosynthesis genes in vegetative tissues of monocotyledonous plants is mediated by cooperative activity of one component from each of the following two transcription factor families: MYB encoded by PURPLE PLANT1/COLORED ALEURONE1 (PL1/C1), and basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) encoded by RED/BOOSTER (R1/B1). In the present study, putative PL cDNA was cloned from the wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivar Iksan370, which preferentially expresses anthocyanins in coleoptiles. Phylogenetic tree analysis of deduced amino acid sequences showed that a putative TaPL1 is highly homologous to barley (Hordeum vulgare) HvPL1, but is distinct from wheat TaC1.

Identification of genes that may regulate the expression of the transcription factor production of anthocyanin pigment 1 (PAP1)/MYB75 involved in Arabidopsis anthocyanin biosynthesis.

A putative RNA-binding protein with a single RNA Recognition Motif (At3G63450) is involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis via its ability to modulate the transcript level of a major positive regulator PAP1 in Arabidopsis. The R2R3 MYB-activator production of anthocyanin pigment 1 (PAP1)/MYB75 plays a major role in anthocyanin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis in combination with one of three bHLH activators including transparent test 8 (TT8), enhancer of glabra3 (EGL3), glabra3 (GL3), and the WD-repeat transcription factor transparent testa 1 (TTG1), forming ternary MYB-basic HLH-WD40 complexes. Transcriptional activation of PAP1 expression is largely triggered by changes in light color and intensity, temperature fluctuations, nutrient status, and sugar and hormone treatments.

HY5 regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis by inducing the transcriptional activation of the MYB75/PAP1 transcription factor in Arabidopsis.

Several positive transcription factors regulate Arabidopsis anthocyanin biosynthesis. HY5, a component of light-signaling pathways, and PAP1, an R2R3-MYB transcription factor, share common regulatory targets on anthocyanin biosynthesis genes. The epistatic interactions between the two transcription factors are currently unknown.

Bruno-like proteins modulate flowering time via 3' UTR-dependent decay of SOC1 mRNA.

The Bruno RNA-binding protein (RBP) has been shown to initially repress the translation of oskar mRNA during Drosophila oogenesis and later to be involved in a broad range of RNA regulation. Here, we show that homologous constitutive overexpression of each of two Arabidopsis thaliana Bruno-like genes, AtBRN1 and AtBRN2, delayed the flowering time, while the atbrn1 atbrn2-3 double mutant flowered early and exhibited increased expression of APETALA1 (AP1) and LEAFY (LFY) transcripts. Crossing of 35S::AtBRNs with SOC1 101-D plants demonstrated that 35S::AtBRNs suppress an early-flowering phenotype of SOC1 101-D in which the coding sequence (CDS) with the 3' UTR of SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS1 (SOC1) gene is overexpressed.

Calcium dependent sucrose uptake links sugar signaling to anthocyanin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis.

Sugars enhance light signaling-induced anthocyanin accumulation in Arabidopsis seedlings via differential regulation of several positive and negative transcription factors. Ca(2+) plays a role as a second messenger in sugar signaling in grape and wheat. However, whether anthocyanin pigmentation is modulated by changes in intracellular Ca(2+) level in Arabidopsis is not known.