Radiopaque hydrogel-in-liposomes towards theranostic applications for malignant tumors.

A radiopaque hydrogel-in-liposome (RHL) system was developed for micro-computed tomography (μCT) imaging of tumor tissue and simultaneous delivery of a cytotoxic agent. Iopamidol (IPD) and doxorubicin (DOX) were incorporated as the CT contrast and anti-cancer agents, respectively. The presence of a polyethylene glycol hydrogel core in the liposomes was confirmed via attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, and selective solvent extraction.

Benzo(a)pyrene and Gut Microbiome Crosstalk: Health Risk Implications.

This review delves into the impact of benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P), which is a toxic and pervasive polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and known carcinogen, on the human health risk from a gut microbiome perspective. We retrieved the relevant articles on each PAH and summarized the reporting to date, with a particular focus on benzo(a)pyrene, which has been reported to have a high risk of gut microbiome-related harm. B(a)P exposure can compromise the homeostasis of the gut microbiota, leading to dysbiosis, a state of microbial imbalance.

Midterm Functional Outcomes After Retear of an Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: A Propensity Score-Matched Comparative Study.

Background: Studies are still limited on the isolated effect of retear after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) on functional outcomes after the midterm period.

Purpose: To assess the effect of retear at midterm follow-up after ARCR and to identify factors associated with the need for revision surgery.

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Seasonal effect of PM exposure in patients with COPD: a multicentre panel study.

: Exposure to particulate matter <2.5 μm (PM) is linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but most studies lack individual PM measurements. Seasonal variation and their impact on clinical outcomes remain understudied.

Improving functional correlation of quantification of interstitial lung disease by reducing the vendor difference of CT using generative adversarial network (GAN) style conversion.

Objective: To assess whether CT style conversion between different CT vendors using a routable generative adversarial network (RouteGAN) could minimize variation in ILD quantification, resulting in improved functional correlation of quantitative CT (QCT) measures.

Methods: Patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) who underwent unenhanced chest CTs with vendor A and a pulmonary function test (PFT) were retrospectively evaluated. As deep-learning based ILD quantification software was mainly developed using vendor B CT, style-converted images from vendor A to B style were generated using RouteGAN.

Recent advances in recovering bioactive compounds from macroalgae and microalgae using subcritical water extraction: Prospective compounds and biological activities.

Algae, widely as a valuable marine biomass, are appreciated globally for their unique chemical compositions and exceptional nutritional benefits. Scientists are increasingly focusing on valorizing algae biomass to recover polysaccharides and bioactive extracts. Conventional methods commonly used to extract bioactive compounds have several limitations.

Prognostic performance of the N category in the 9th edition of lung cancer staging.

Objectives: To compare the prognostic performance of the N category of lung cancer in the 9th edition with previous editions (7th edition and 8th edition's proposal).

Methods: Patients who underwent lobectomy or pneumonectomy for lung cancer from January 2015 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical and pathologic N categories were reclassified according to the 9th edition (N0, N1, N2a, and N2b), the 8th edition's proposal (N0, N1a, N1b, N2a1, N2a2, and N2b), and the 7th edition (N0, N1, and N2).

Relationship between client laughter and session outcomes in metaverse counseling.

Considering the growing interest in VR psychotherapy, this study investigated the relationship between client laughter and session outcomes in metaverse counseling. To investigate the relationships between types of client laughter and session outcomes in metaverse counseling, we employed a multilevel analysis by separating the variables into two levels: session-level (between-sessions) and client-level (between-clients). The dataset included 159 sessions nested among 26 clients.

Acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic neoplasms: clinical implications of myelodysplasia-related genes mutations and TP53 aberrations.

Purpose: The fifth World Health Organization (WHO) classification (2022 WHO) and International Consensus Classification (ICC) of myeloid neoplasms have recently been published. In this study, patients were reclassified according to the revised classification and their prognoses were analyzed to confirm the clinical utility of the new classifications.

Methods: We included 101 adult patients, 77 with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and 24 with myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS), who underwent bone marrow aspiration and next-generation sequencing (NGS) between August 2019 and July 2023.

Artificial Intelligence-Driven Volumetric Analysis of Muscle Mass as a Predictor of Tumor Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Patients with Rectal Cancer.

Artificial intelligence (AI)-based volumetric measurements for assessing sarcopenia are expected to offer comprehensive insight into three-dimensional muscle volume and distribution. Therefore, we investigated the role of sarcopenia using computed tomography (CT)-based automated AI volumetric muscle measurements in predicting neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) response and prognosis in patients with rectal cancer who underwent nCRT. We retrospectively analyzed the data of patients who underwent nCRT followed by curative resection between March 2010 and August 2021.

Evaluation of the clinical utility of lateral cephalometry reconstructed from computed tomography extracted by artificial intelligence.

This study assessed the accuracy and reliability of artificial intelligence (AI)-reconstructed images of two-dimensional (2D) lateral cephalometric analyses of facial computed tomography (CT) images, which is widely used for the diagnosis of craniofacial deformities and in the planning of their treatment. Facial CT datasets from 40 patients were collected. Original 1 mm slices were reformatted to 3 mm, and then an AI algorithm reconstructed the 3 mm slices and converted them back to 1 mm to generate lateral cephalometric images.

The Incidence of Popeye Deformity After Soft-Tissue Biceps Tenodesis Is Comparable to Biceps Anchor Tenodesis and Lower Than Biceps Tenotomy During Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair.

Purpose: To compare clinical and radiologic outcomes between biceps anchor tenodesis (AT), biceps soft-tissue tenodesis (ST), and biceps tenotomy (TT) for patients with concomitant rotator cuff repair (RCR).

Methods: This retrospective study reviewed patients who underwent arthroscopic RCR for full-thickness rotator cuff tears with AT, ST, or TT with minimum 2-year follow-up. All biceps procedures were performed arthroscopically, and ST consisted of fixation to the transverse humeral ligament.

The impact of supraspinatus tear on subscapularis muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration.

Background: Aimed to report the prevalence and predisposing factors affecting subscapularis muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration (MAFI) in patients without a subscapularis tear, and to analyze the effect of this condition on surgical outcomes.

Methods: Between 2020 and 2022, 153 patients (mean age 58.1 ± 10.

Identifying the crucial binding domain of histatin-1 to recombinant TMEM97 in activating chemotactic migration in human corneal epithelial cells.

TMEM97, also known as the sigma-2 receptor, plays a crucial role as an endoplasmic reticular protein involved in various physiological processes such as wound healing, and cholesterol metabolism. Moreover, TMEM97 has been implicated in multiple human diseases including neurodegenerative disorders and cancers. Histatin peptides are endogenous peptides with diverse biological effects, including antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and wound healing functions.

The epidemiological and histopathological factors for delayed local recurrence in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a prevalent malignancy in oral cancer. Approximately 26% of OSCC cases recur after initial curative treatment, with over 80% of these recurrences occurring within the first 2 years. Delayed local recurrence (DLR) occurring beyond the 2-year period in cases of OSCC is infrequent.

Revision total hip arthroplasty with medial wall defect using bone graft with or without porous metal restrictor.

When a severe medial wall defect is present in revision total hip arthroplasty (THA), simple bone grafting (BG) may not be sufficient, and trabecular metal (TM) augmentation is often necessary. We aimed to evaluate whether there were differences in outcomes of revision THA with medial wall defects depending on the use of TM augmentation. Between 2009-2021, 130 patients were classified into two groups: 80 patients undergoing bone grafting (BG group) and 50 patients undergoing both bone grafting and TM augmentation (BG/TM group).

Safety and efficacy of Mg-Dy membrane with poly-L-lactic acid coating for guided bone regeneration.

The aim of this study was to evaluate safety and efficacy of a poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA)-coated magnesium (Mg)-Dysprosium (Dy) membrane in guided bone regeneration (GBR) using a rabbit calvarium model. The microstructure of the Mg-Dy membrane surface and thickness of the PLLA coating were examined. In vitro degradation and cytotoxicity test was conducted.

Biomechanical Evaluation of Hydroxyapatite/poly-l-lactide Fixation in Mandibular Body Reconstruction with Fibula Free Flap: A Finite Element Analysis Incorporating Material Properties and Masticatory Function Evaluation.

In reconstructive surgery following partial mandibulectomy, the biomechanical integrity of the fibula free flap applied to the remaining mandibular region directly influences the prognosis of the surgery. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the biomechanical integrity of two fixation materials [titanium (Ti) and hydroxyapatite/poly-L-lactide (HA-PLLA)]. In this study, we simulated the mechanical properties of miniplate and screw fixations in two different systems by finite element analysis.

Sex-differential effect of waist circumference on new-onset cerebral infarction: a nationwide cohort study.

Introduction: Excessive abdominal adiposity represents a cardiovascular disease risk factor. Waist circumference (WC) reflects abdominal adiposity and is known as an easy-to-measure indicator of obesity. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between WC level and the development of cerebral infarction in Koreans.