The Molecular Monitoring of an Invasive Freshwater Fish, Brown Trout (), Using Real-Time PCR Assay and Environmental Water Samples.

, commonly known as brown trout, is an invasive species that has established itself in various regions, including South Korea, where it poses ecological risks to native freshwater fish populations. To enable natural habitat restoration, needs to be monitored, but traditional monitoring techniques are associated with several limitations. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to apply a sensitive and specific real-time PCR (qPCR) assay using a set of primers and a hydrolysis probe specific to the mitochondrial cytochrome gene of .

The Impact of Cervical Laminoplasty and Cervical Foraminotomy on Axial Neck Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Study Design: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: We analyzed patient-reported outcomes (PROs) focused on axial neck pain following cervical laminoplasty (CL) and foraminotomy (CF) for symptomatic cervical spondylosis to determine whether motion-preserving procedures targeting compressive radiculopathy/myelopathy also provide relief of axial neck pain and to investigate risk factors for persistent postoperative axial neck pain.

Methods: The PubMed and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched for articles published from 2014 to 2023 describing pain-related outcomes following CL and CF.

Norchelerythrine from (Thunb.) Pers. promotes differentiation and apoptosis by activating DNA damage response in acute myeloid leukemia.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most prevalent form of leukemia in adults. The cornerstone of first‑line chemotherapy for AML has poor survival rates, underscoring the urgent need for development of novel therapeutic agents. Differentiation therapy targets the blockade of differentiation in myeloid progenitor cells.

DRG2 levels in prostate cancer cell lines predict response to PARP inhibitor during docetaxel treatment.

Purpose: Developmentally regulated GTP-binding protein 2 (DRG2) regulates microtubule dynamics and G2/M arrest during docetaxel treatment. Poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) acts as an important repair system for DNA damage caused by docetaxel treatment. This study investigated whether DRG2 expression affects response to PARP inhibitors (olaparib) using prostate cancer cell lines PC3, DU145, LNCaP-FGC, and LNCaP-LN3.

Efficacy of Fruit Extract in Hangover Mitigation: Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Evaluation.

The fruit of Thunb. (HD) is renowned for its medicinal properties and is rich in bioactive compounds, traditionally used in East Asian medicine as a natural antidote for alcohol intoxication. A randomized, double-blind, crossover, placebo (PLA)-controlled clinical trial was conducted to compare the effects of beverages containing 0.

Clinical Evaluation of Extract Combinations for Effective Hangover Relief in Humans.

Alcohol consumption is associated with both short- and long-term adverse effects, including hangover symptoms. The objective of this study was to examine the potential benefits of traditional beverages containing a combination of extract (HD) with either extract (HDPB) or glutathione yeast extract (HDGB) in abbreviating alcohol intoxication and mitigating hangover symptoms. A total of 25 participants between the ages of 19 and 40 who had previously experienced a hangover were evaluated in a randomized, double-blind, crossover, placebo (PLA)-controlled clinical trial.

JMJD3 deficiency disturbs dopamine biosynthesis in midbrain and aggravates chronic inflammatory pain.

Midbrain dopamine (mDA) neurons participate in a wide range of brain functions through an intricate regulation of DA biosynthesis. The epigenetic factors and mechanisms in this process are not well understood. Here we report that histone demethylase JMJD3 is a critical regulator for DA biosynthesis in adult mouse mDA neurons.

Clinical implications of cerebral venous outflow pattern in malignant middle cerebral artery infarction.

Background: Malignant middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction is one of the most devastating strokes. However, the role of the cerebral venous outflow pattern in malignant MCA infarction is not well established. We investigated the association between the transverse sinus (TS) shape and functional outcomes in patients with malignant MCA infarction.

Effects of cerebral venous outflow patterns on functional outcome in space-occupying cerebellar infarction.

Background: Space-occupying cerebellar infarction can be catastrophic, leading to brainstem compression, transtentorial herniation, and obstructive hydrocephalus. Herein, we investigated the association between the venous outflow pattern based on transverse sinus (TS) shape and the outcome of space-occupying cerebellar infarction.

Methods: Patients with space-occupying cerebellar infarctions were enrolled, and data on baseline demographics, clinical factors, and venous outflow patterns, including the type of TS were collected.

Activation of hypoactive parvalbumin-positive fast-spiking interneurons restores dentate inhibition to reduce electrographic seizures in the mouse intrahippocampal kainate model of temporal lobe epilepsy.

Parvalbumin-positive (PV+) GABAergic interneurons in the dentate gyrus provide powerful perisomatic inhibition of dentate granule cells (DGCs) to prevent overexcitation and maintain the stability of dentate gyrus circuits. Most dentate PV+ interneurons survive status epilepticus, but surviving PV+ interneuron mediated inhibition is compromised in the dentate gyrus shortly after status epilepticus, contributing to epileptogenesis in temporal lobe epilepsy. It is uncertain whether the impaired activity of dentate PV+ interneurons recovers at later times or if it continues for months following status epilepticus.

Ultra-Low Threshold Resonance Switching by Terahertz Field Enhancement-Induced Nanobridge.

Ongoing efforts spanning decades aim to enhance the efficiency of optical devices, highlighting the need for a pioneering approach in the development of next-generation components over a broad range of electromagnetic wave spectra. The nonlinear transport of photoexcited carriers in semiconductors at low photon energies is crucial to advancements in semiconductor technology, communication, sensing, and various other fields. In this study, ultra-low threshold resonance mode switching by strong nonlinear carrier transport beyond the semi-classical Boltzmann transport regime using terahertz (THz) electromagnetic waves are demonstrated, whose energy is thousands of times smaller than the bandgap.

Analysis of the Association between Telomere Length and Neurological Disability in Stroke Types.

: The association between neurological disability, prognosis, and telomere length (TL) in patients with stroke has been investigated in various ways. However, analysis of the type of stroke and ischemic stroke subgroups is limited. In this study, we aimed to determine the association between TL and neurological disability according to stroke type.

Recurrent Ischemic Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack: Risk of Single and Multiple Recurrence.

: Efforts have been made toward primary or secondary stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) prevention. However, little attention has been paid to recurrent stroke or TIA. This study investigated risk factors for multiple or single recurrent stroke or TIA.

Resilience of dermis resident macrophages to inflammatory challenges.

The skin serves as a complex barrier organ populated by tissue-resident macrophages (TRMs), which play critical roles in defense, homeostasis, and tissue repair. This review examines the functions of dermis resident TRMs in different inflammatory settings, their embryonic origins, and their long-term self-renewal capabilities. We highlight the M2-like phenotype of dermal TRMs and their specialized functions in perivascular and perineuronal niches.

Impact of the life-sustaining treatment decision act on organ donation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrests in South Korea: a multi-centre retrospective study.

Background: The demand for organ transplants, both globally and in South Korea, substantially exceeds the supply, a situation that might have been aggravated by the enactment of the Life-Sustaining Treatment Decision Act (LSTDA) in February 2018. This legislation may influence emergency medical procedures and the availability of organs from brain-dead donors. This study aimed to assess LSTDA's impact, introduced in February 2018, on organ donation status in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients in a metropolitan city and identified related factors.

Association Between the Timing of Atrial Fibrillation Detection and Functional Outcome Following Mechanical Thrombectomy.

Background: Atrial fibrillation detected after stroke (AFDAS) refers to the identification of newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation (AF) following an ischemic stroke in patients without known AF (KAF). The objective of this study was to compare the functional outcomes of patients diagnosed with AFDAS and those with KAF who underwent mechanical thrombectomy.

Methods And Results: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy and with either new AF diagnosed during hospitalization or KAF.

Center of Pressure- and Machine Learning-based Gait Score and Clinical Risk Factors for Predicting Functional Outcome in Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Objectives: To investigate whether machine learning (ML)-based center of pressure (COP) analysis for gait assessment, when used in conjunction with clinical information, offers additive benefits in predicting functional outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Design: A prospective, single-center cohort study.

Setting: A tertiary hospital setting.

Immunostimulatory activity of the aqueous extract from the leaves of subsp. through TLR4‑dependent JNK activation in RAW264.7 cells.

subsp. (SRP) is an endemic plant of Korea, exclusively found on Ulleungdo Island. SRP is widely used as both a traditional medicine and food source.

Contrast enhancement patterns associated with acute stroke in moyamoya disease using MR vessel wall imaging.

Background And Purpose: High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI) can provide valuable insights into the histopathological characteristics of moyamoya disease (MMD). However, the patterns of vessel wall contrast enhancement have not been well established. We aimed to identify the contrast enhancement patterns of the vessel walls associated with acute cerebral infarction using HR-MRI in MMD.

Variations in Risk Factors across Different Periods of Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack Recurrence.

Introduction: Accurately discerning periods of heightened risk of stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) recurrence and managing modifiable risk factors are essential for minimizing overall recurrence risk. This study identified differences in the timing of stroke or TIA recurrence based on risk factors and patient characteristics to develop strategies for reducing recurrence in clinical practice.

Methods: We retrospectively selected patients with ischemic stroke or TIA at the Korea University Ansan Hospital Stroke Center between March 2014 and December 2021 using the prospective institutional database of the Korea University Stroke Registry.