Automated Non-Supervised Eye Disorder Screening System Using Virtual Reality.

Background: Neglecting eye disorders can lead to visual impairment or even vision loss, making early diagnosis and medical treatment crucial. This paper presents the development of an automated non-supervised eye disorder screening system that utilises Virtual Reality (VR) to provide a preliminary screening for common eye disorders.

Methods: The system integrates advanced pupil-tracking techniques, image-processing methods, and eye disorder screening algorithms into one package for comprehensive eye disorder monitoring, including a strabismus test, a pupil test, and a contrast sensitivity test.

Forms of Calling and Helping Behaviors at Work: Psychological Entitlement and Moral Duty as Mediators.

Even though calling researchers have identified two major forms of calling, namely modern and neoclassical, existing studies do not agree on whether these two forms are consistent or different in their mechanisms and outcomes. This study aimed to investigate whether modern and neoclassical calling are both indirectly related to unethical pro-organizational behavior (UPB) and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) through the mediating roles of psychological entitlement and moral duty. Additionally, this study also aimed to investigate whether psychological entitlement functions as a mediator greater in magnitude for modern calling, whereas moral duty functions as a mediator greater in magnitude for neoclassical calling.

Water-Borne Fluorinated Polyimide Dielectric for Large-Area IGZO Transistors and Logic Gates.

Thin-film transistors offer excellent and uniform electrical properties over large areas, making them a promising option for various future electronic devices. Polyimide dielectrics are already widely used in various electronic devices because of their exceptional dielectric properties, thermal stability, and desirable mechanical flexibility, which make them suitable for harsh environments. However, the current research on polyimide dielectric materials has certain limitations, such as the use of toxic solvents, high-temperature processes, and deficient coating properties.

Modeling the population-level impact of a third dose of MMR vaccine on a mumps outbreak at the University of Iowa.

Mumps outbreaks among fully vaccinated young adults have raised questions about potential waning of immunity over time and need for a third dose of the measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccine. However, there are currently limited data on real-life effectiveness of the third-dose MMR vaccine in preventing mumps. Here, we used a deterministic compartmental model to infer the effectiveness of the third-dose MMR vaccine in preventing mumps cases by analyzing the mumps outbreak that occurred at the University of Iowa between August 24, 2015, and May 13, 2016.

Achieving the sustainable waste management of medical plastic packaging using a life cycle assessment approach.

Hospital waste management often classifies all waste, including uncontaminated plastic packaging, as hazardous, leading to incineration as the primary treatment method. While effective for safe treatment, incineration incurs high costs and significant environmental impacts. This study explores an alternative approach through the segregation and sustainable management of plastic packaging waste derived from medical device use to mitigate these environmental consequences.

The effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy on cutaneous radiation injury in a mouse model.

Background: Although radiation-induced skin injuries are a concern in patients receiving radiation therapy, there are few effective treatments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) on irradiated fibroblasts and mouse skin.

Methods: In the in vitro study of human dermal fibroblasts, the experimental group was subjected to ESWT following irradiation (20 Gy).

Integrative personalized medicine care for adjustment disorder of a post-COVID-19 patient: A CARE-compliant case report.

Rationale: Depression is a common symptom in post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, which can be diagnosed with post-COVID-19 depression or adjustment disorder (AD) of post-COVID-19 syndrome. Recently, there have been reports of treating post-COVID-19 syndrome with herbal interventions. However, there are no studies of AD of post-COVID-19 syndrome treated with an integrative approach.

Fitting Epidemic Models to Data: A Tutorial in Memory of Fred Brauer.

Fred Brauer was an eminent mathematician who studied dynamical systems, especially differential equations. He made many contributions to mathematical epidemiology, a field that is strongly connected to data, but he always chose to avoid data analysis. Nevertheless, he recognized that fitting models to data is usually necessary when attempting to apply infectious disease transmission models to real public health problems.

Assessing population-level target product profiles of universal human influenza A vaccines.

Influenza A has two hemagglutinin groups, with stronger cross-immunity to reinfection within than between groups. Here, we explore the implications of this heterogeneity for proposed cross-protective influenza vaccines that may offer broad, but not universal, protection. While the development goal for the breadth of human influenza A vaccine is to provide cross-group protection, vaccines in current development stages may provide better protection against target groups than non-target groups.

Safety and Effectiveness of Passeo-18 Lux Drug-Coated Balloon Catheter in Infrainguinal Endovascular Revascularization in the Korean Population: A Multicenter Post-Market Surveillance Study.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and clinical outcomes of the Passeo-18 Lux drug-coated balloon (DCB) in endovascular revascularization procedures under real-world conditions in a Korean population with atherosclerotic disease of the infrainguinal arteries, including below-the-knee (BTK) arteries.

Materials And Methods: Eight institutions in the Republic of Korea participated in this prospective, multicenter, single-arm, post-market surveillance study. Two hundred patients with Rutherford class 2-5 peripheral arterial disease and infrainguinal lesions suitable for endovascular treatment were competitively enrolled.

Radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of great saphenous venous insufficiency using a newly developed VENISTAR catheter: A preliminary study.

Objectives: This study was aimed to assess the preliminary outcomes of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) using a newly developed catheter (VENISTAR) for the treatment of incompetent great saphenous veins (GSVs).

Methods: In this prospective observational study, endovenous RFA using a VENISTAR catheter was performed on 16 saphenous veins in 12 patients between August and November 2019. Patients' pre- and post-procedural data were recorded.

Facile Approach for Metallic Precursor Engineering for Efficient Kesterite Thin-Film Solar Cells.

Kesterite-based CuZnSn(S,Se) (CZTSSe) thin-film solar cells (TFSCs) are a promising candidate for low-cost, clean energy production owing to their environmental friendliness and the earth-abundant nature of their constituents. However, the advancement of kesterite TFSCs has been impeded by abundant defects and poor microstructure, limiting their performance potential. In this study, we present efficient Ag-alloyed CZTSSe TFSCs enabled by a facile metallic precursor engineering approach.

Unraveling diffusion behavior in Cu-to-Cu direct bonding with metal passivation layers.

Cu/SiO hybrid bonding presents a promising avenue for achieving high-density interconnects by obviating the need for microbumps and underfills. Traditional copper bonding methods often demand temperatures exceeding 400 °C, prompting recent endeavors to mitigate bonding temperatures through investigations into metal passivation bonding. In this study, we scrutinized the diffusion behavior associated with various metal passivation layers (Platinum, Titanium, Tantalum, and Chromium) in the context of low-temperature direct copper bonding and delved into the essential bonding mechanisms.

Intravascular Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia in Association with Eccrine Angiokeratomatous Hamartoma.

Eccrine angiokeratomatous hamartoma is a variant of eccrine angiomatous hamartoma. Histopathologically, it shows both features of eccrine angiomatous hamartoma with components of angiokeratoma. Eccrine angiokeratomatous hamartoma is extremely rare.

Complete Preservation of Orbital Fat by Restoration of Attenuated Orbital Septa Using an Acellular Dermal Matrix in Lower Blepharoplasty.

Background: We hypothesized that application of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) over the orbital septum overlying the herniated orbital fat to tighten and strengthen the attenuated orbital septum in lower blepharoplasty would allow successful repositioning of the herniated orbital fat within the bony orbit.

Methods: The author prospectively compared the cosmetic outcomes of lower blepharoplasty using ADM with standard blepharoplasty. We evaluated recurrence of eyelid bulging and tear trough deformity, volume of the lower periorbital region, and enophthalmos and eyelid droop 1 year after surgery.

Synchrony of Bird Migration with Global Dispersal of Avian Influenza Reveals Exposed Bird Orders.

Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) A H5, particularly clade 2.3.4.

Predicting the impact of COVID-19 non-pharmaceutical intervention on short- and medium-term dynamics of enterovirus D68 in the US.

Recent outbreaks of enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) infections, and their causal linkage with acute flaccid myelitis (AFM), continue to pose a serious public health concern. During 2020 and 2021, the dynamics of EV-D68 and other pathogens have been significantly perturbed by non-pharmaceutical interventions against COVID-19; this perturbation presents a powerful natural experiment for exploring the dynamics of these endemic infections. In this study, we analyzed publicly available data on EV-D68 infections, originally collected through the New Vaccine Surveillance Network, to predict their short- and long-term dynamics following the COVID-19 interventions.

A Prospective Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial for Comparing Drug-Coated and Conventional Balloon Angioplasty in Venous Anastomotic Stenosis of Hemodialysis Arteriovenous Grafts.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of drug-coated balloon angioplasty compared to conventional balloon angioplasty in the treatment of dysfunctional arteriovenous grafts.

Materials And Methods: This prospective, multicenter, randomized clinical trial enrolled 190 patients with venous anastomotic stenosis in arteriovenous grafts at five participating hospitals. During pre-dilation, 4 patients dropped out due to ruptures requiring further treatment (n = 2) and residual stenosis of > 30% (n = 2).

Spontaneous resolution of long-standing choroidal effusion after glaucoma drainage implant surgery without significant visual deterioration : a case report.

Background: Choroidal effusion is a common complication of glaucoma surgery. Although most cases of choroidal effusions resolve spontaneously with observation or medical management alone as intraocular pressure normalizes, surgical drainage might be needed in severe or persistent cases. Herein, we report a case of spontaneous resolution of long-standing severe choroidal effusion after Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation.

Comparison of the Visual Outcomes of Enhanced and Standard Monofocal Intraocular Lens Implantations in Eyes with Early Glaucoma.

This study aimed to compare the efficacies and safety of enhanced and standard monofocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) in eyes with early glaucoma. Patients with concurrent cataracts and open-angle glaucoma (OAG) were enrolled. They underwent cataract surgery with IOL implantation.