Patterns of δN in forest soils and tree foliage and rings between climate zones in relation to atmospheric nitrogen deposition: A review.

The stable nitrogen (N) isotope ratio (δN) of forest samples (soils, tree foliage, and tree rings) has been used as a powerful indicator to explore the responses of forest N cycling to atmospheric N deposition. This review investigated the patterns of δN in forest samples between climate zones in relation to N deposition. Forest samples exhibited distinctive δN patterns between climate zones due to differences in site conditions (i.

Assessment of sources variability of riverine particulate organic matter with land use and rainfall changes using a three-indicator (δC, δN, and C/N) Bayesian mixing model.

In intensive agricultural watersheds, riverine particulate organic matter (POM) may be transported from many sources such as rice paddies, crop uplands, forests, and livestock farming areas during rainy seasons. However, the impacts of land-use and rainfall changes on the POM sources are not well understood. In this study, changes in the sources of riverine POM were investigated in an agricultural area of Korea between 2014 and 2020/21.

Biochar-induced reduction of NO emission from East Asian soils under aerobic conditions: Review and data analysis.

Global meta-analyses showed that biochar application can reduce NO emission. However, no relevant review study is available for East Asian countries which are responsible for 70% of gaseous N losses from croplands globally. This review analyzed data of the biochar-induced NO mitigation affected by experimental conditions, including experimental types, biochar types and application rates, soil properties, and chemical forms and application rates of N fertilizer for East Asian countries.

Rice straw cover decreases soil erosion and sediment-bound C, N, and P losses but increases dissolved organic C export from upland maize fields as evidenced by δC.

Soil surface with crop residue is effective in reducing soil erosion and carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) losses from sloping fields. However, there is a high possibility that surface cover increases export of dissolved organic C (DOC) though relevant field studies under natural rainfall are lacking. In this study, the effects of surface cover with rice (Oryza sativa L.

Fly ash and zeolite decrease metal uptake but do not improve rice growth in paddy soils contaminated with Cu and Zn.

Fly ash (FA) and zeolite (Z) are known to reduce bioavailability of metals in soils via immobilization; however, these amendments may not only immobilize metals such as copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn), but also reduce nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) availability in the soils via sorption (for N by Z) and precipitation (for P by FA). This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of application of FA and Z (0, 5, and 10% rate) on the availability of nutrients as well as metals in the metal-contaminated soils cultivated with paddy rice (Oryza sativa L.).

Introducing trees to agricultural lands increases greenhouse gas emission during spring thaw in Canadian agroforestry systems.

The role of agroforestry systems in mitigating greenhouse gas (GHG) emission from agricultural soils during spring thaw (early April to mid-May) has been poorly studied. Soil CO, CH and NO fluxes were measured from treed areas and adjacent herblands (areas without trees) during spring thaw in 2014 and 2015 at 36 agroforestry sites (12 hedgerow, 12 shelterbelt and 12 silvopasture) in central Alberta, Canada. Fluxes of those GHGs varied with agroforestry systems and land-cover types.

Forest and grassland cover types reduce net greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural soils.

Western Canada's prairie region is extensively cultivated for agricultural production, which is a large source of greenhouse gas emissions. Agroforestry systems are common land uses across Canada, which integrate trees into the agricultural landscape and could play a substantial role in sequestering carbon and mitigating increases in atmospheric GHG concentrations. We measured soil CO2, CH4 and N2O fluxes and the global warming potential of microbe-mediated net greenhouse gas emissions (GWPm) in forest and herbland (areas without trees) soils of three agroforestry systems (hedgerow, shelterbelt and silvopasture) over two growing seasons (May through September in 2013 and 2014).

Changes in nitrogen isotopic compositions during composting of cattle feedlot manure: effects of bedding material type.

Temporal changes in delta(15)N of cattle feedlot manure during its composting with either rice hull (RHM) or sawdust (SDM) as bedding materials were investigated. Regardless of the bedding material used, the delta(15)N of total N in the manure increased sharply from +7.6 per thousand to +9.