Maternal Transmission of Rotavirus to Calves and Comparison of Colostrum and Fecal Microbiota in Holstein and Hanwoo Cattle.

This study aimed to evaluate rotavirus transmission to calves and analyze microbial communities in cow milk and neonatal calf feces within dairy and beef cattle. A total of 20 cattle, Hanwoo ( = 10), and Holstein ( = 10) were allotted for the study, with each breed comprising five cows and five calves. Colostrum samples were obtained from the dam, while feces were obtained from both the dam and calf.

Feed additives for methane mitigation: Regulatory frameworks and scientific evidence requirements for the authorization of feed additives to mitigate ruminant methane emissions.

This article describes the regulatory and evidence requirements necessary for the authorization of antimethanogenic feed additives (AMFA) aimed at mitigating enteric methane (CH) emissions from ruminants. It outlines the legislation and legal procedures in Australia, Canada, the European Union, New Zealand, South Korea, the United Kingdom, and the United States as illustrative examples, offering insights for applicants seeking authorization. Additionals objectives are to highlight consequential similarities and differences in regulations and evidence requirements and offer recommendations for scientists and applicants.

Complete genome sequence of sp. SCR221107, encoding biosynthesis of vitamin B isolated from the rumen fluid of Holstein dairy cows.

sp. SCR221107 was isolated from the rumen fluid of healthy male Holstein dairy cows from a research farm at Suncheon, Jeollanam-do, Korea. sp.

Complete genome sequence of GNW45 isolated from dairy cattle with active bovine digital dermatitis in Korea.

, a fastidious anaerobic spirochete, is one of the main pathogens involved in the development and progression of bovine digital dermatitis (BDD), a lameness-causing hoof infection in cattle. Here, the complete genome sequencing of GNW45 isolated from a dairy cow infected with BDD, was presented. Libraries for long and short reads were sequenced using PacBioRSII and Illimuna HiSeqXTen platforms, respectively.

Heart-specific expression of the green fluorescent protein gene in avian embryos by administration of recombinant adenovirus type-5 vector into the embryonic blood vessel.

Genetic modification could provide direct functions of genes that could potentially contribute to diverse areas of research including genetics, developmental biology, and physiology. It has been reported that genes of interest could be introduced via recombinant adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) in poultry. Successful gene delivery to mammal fetuses promises substantial progress in clinical and developmental biology, but it is limited because of difficulties in injecting specific sites and invasiveness.

Effects of gender and slaughter age on physicochemical and quality traits of Korean Hanwoo striploin.

Hanwoo beef is in high demand because of its unique flavor, freshness, and high-fat content. However, the longer rearing period required to enhance marbling in Hanwoo cattle has adverse environmental consequences, such as greenhouse gas emissions and overall rearing costs. To address consumer preferences for leaner and healthier meat, the Korean meat industry has recently introduced Hanwoo heifer meat as an alternative source, but its quality traits are still unclear.

Antibody-Conjugated Magnetic Nanoparticle Therapy for Inhibiting T-Cell Mediated Inflammation.

Tolerance induction is critical for mitigating T cell-mediated inflammation. Treatments based on anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (mAb) play a pivotal role in inducing such tolerance. Anti-CD3 mAb conjugated with dextran-coated magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) may induce inflammatory tolerance is posited.

Effect of organic mineral supplementation in reducing oxidative stress in Holstein calves during short-term heat stress and recovery conditions.

Background: This study investigated the effects of inorganic and organic minerals on physiological responses, oxidative stress reduction, and rumen microbiota in Holstein bull calves (123.81 ± 9.76 kg; 5 months old) during short-term heat stress (HS) and recovery periods.

Pilot study on the distribution of caseous lymphadenitis in Korean native goats and the relationship between sex and age in disease occurrence.

Caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) caused by is a chronic disease that affects goats. The Korean native goat (KNG) is the most popular goat breed raised in Korea. In this study, the distribution of CLA in the KNG population and the relevance of sex and age in disease development were determined.

Effects of Italian ryegrass silage-based total mixed ration on rumen fermentation, growth performance, blood metabolites, and bacterial communities of growing Hanwoo heifers.

This study utilized Italian ryegrass silage (IRGS) - based total mixed ration (TMR) as feedstuff and evaluated its effects on rumen fermentation, growth performance, blood parameters, and bacterial community in growing Hanwoo heifers. Twenty-seven Hanwoo heifers (body weight [BW], 225.11 ± 10.

Impact of livestock industry on climate change: Case Study in South Korea - A review.

In recent years, there has been a growing argument attributing the primary cause of global climate change to livestock industry, which has led to the perception that the livestock industry is synonymous with greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, a closer examination of the global GHG emission by sector reveals that the energy sector is responsible for the majority, accounting for 76.2% of the total, while agriculture contributes 11.

Composition and functional diversity of bacterial communities during swine carcass decomposition.

Objective: This study investigated the changes in bacterial communities within decomposing swine microcosms, comparing soil with or without intact microbial communities, and under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

Methods: The experimental microcosms consisted of four conditions: UA, unsterilized soil-aerobic condition; SA, sterilized soil-aerobic condition; UAn, unsterilized soil-anaerobic condition; and San, sterilized soil-anaerobic condition. The microcosms were prepared by mixing 112.

Oral administration of cone essential oil reduces rumen methane emission by altering the rumen microbial composition and functions in Korean native goat ().

This study aimed to investigate cone essential oil (PEO) as a methane (CH) inhibitor and determine its impact on the taxonomic and functional characteristics of the rumen microbiota in goats. A total of 10 growing Korean native goats (, 29.9 ± 1.

Blood and milk metabolites of Holstein dairy cattle for the development of objective indicators of a subacute ruminal acidosis.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to perform a comparative analysis of metabolite levels in serum and milk obtained from cows fed on different concentrate to forage feed ratios.

Methods: Eight lactating Holstein cows were divided into two groups: a high forage ratio diet (HF; 80% Italian ryegrass and 20% concentrate of daily intake of dry matter) group and a high concentrate diet (HC; 20% Italian ryegrass and 80% concentrate) group. Blood was collected from the jugular vein, and milk was sampled using a milking machine.

Intestinal microbial composition changes induced by GBL 16, 17 fermented feed and intestinal immune homeostasis regulation in pigs.

In this study, () byproducts with high polyphenol content were fermented with -derived lactic acid bacteria ( GBL 16 and 17). Then the effect of -derived lactic acid bacteria fermented feed (-LAB fermented feed) with probiotics (, , Yeast) as a feed additive for pigs on the composition of intestinal microbes and the regulation of intestinal immune homeostasis was investigated. Seventy-two finishing Berkshire pigs were randomly allotted to four different treatment groups and 18 replicates.

Flow Characteristics of the Conjugate of Anti-CD3 Monoclonal Antibodies and Magnetic Nanoparticle in PBS and Blood Vessels.

Previously, anti-CD3 antibodies delivered intravenously have been known for their negative side effects. The experimental conditions for optimal liquid production are derived from the Fc-directed conjugation of anti-CD3 foralumab antibodies and magnetic nanoparticles (Ab-MNPs). The anti-CD3 antibodies are prepared for conjugation with MNPs using SiteClick antibody labelling kits.

Increasing buffering capacity enhances rumen fermentation characteristics and alters rumen microbiota composition of high-concentrate fed Hanwoo steers.

The buffering capacity of buffer agents and their effects on in vitro and in vivo rumen fermentation characteristics, and bacterial composition of a high-concentrate fed Hanwoo steers were investigated in this study. Treatments were comprised of CON (no buffer added), BC (low buffering capacity, 0.3% buffer), BC (medium buffering capacity, 0.

Higher Concentration of Dietary Selenium, Zinc, and Copper Complex Reduces Heat Stress-Associated Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Alteration in the Blood of Holstein and Jersey Steers.

This study investigated the influence of high concentrations of dietary minerals on reducing heat stress (HS)-associated oxidative stress and metabolic alterations in the blood of Holstein and Jersey steers. Holstein steers and Jersey steers were separately maintained under a 3 × 3 Latin square design during the summer conditions. For each trial, the treatments included Control (Con; fed basal TMR without additional mineral supplementation), NM (NRC recommended mineral supplementation group; [basal TMR + (Se 0.

Effects of lactic acid bacteria fermented feed and three types of lactic acid bacteria (L. plantarum, L. acidophilus, B. animalis) on intestinal microbiota and T cell polarization (Th1, Th2, Th17, Treg) in the intestinal lymph nodes and spleens of rats.

Objective: In this study, we investigated the effects of Rubus coreanus-derived lactic acid bacteria (LAB) fermented feed (RC-LAB fermented feed) and three types of LAB (Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium animalis) on the expression of transcription factors and cytokines in Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg cells in the intestinal lymph nodes and spleens of rats. In addition, the effect on intestinal microbiota composition and body weight was investigated.

Methods: Five-week-old male rats were assigned to five treatments and eight replicates.