Optimization of Sol-Gel Catalysts with Zirconium and Tungsten Additives for Enhanced CF Decomposition Performance.

This study investigated the development and optimization of sol-gel synthesized Ni/ZrO-AlO catalysts, aiming to enhance the decomposition efficiency of CF, a potent greenhouse gas. The research focused on improving catalytic performance at temperatures below 700 °C by incorporating zirconium and tungsten as co-catalysts. Comprehensive characterization techniques including XRD, BET, FTIR, and XPS were employed to elucidate the structural and chemical properties contributing to the catalyst's activity and durability.

Octanuclear Zinc Clusters in Microporous Organic Polymers: Network-Enhanced Reductive CO Fixation to Formamides at Room Temperature.

A building block containing eight zincs and eight iodo groups (8 Zn) is obtained by the Zn complexation of a salen ligand bearing two additional hydroxy groups. Through the Sonogashira-Hagihara coupling of 8 Zn with 1,3,5,7-tetra(4-ethynylphenyl) adamantane, microporous organic polymers bearing octanuclear zinc clusters (MOP-8 Zn) are prepared, exhibiting a high surface area of 562 m g, microporosity, and a particulate morphology with an average diameter of 249 nm. The MOP-8 Zn exhibits significantly enhanced catalytic performance, compared to molecular counterparts, in the reductive carbon dioxide fixation to formamides, possibly due to the cooperative adsorption and confinement effect of networks on substrates.

High-response room-temperature NO gas sensor fabricated with thermally reduced graphene oxide-coated commercial cotton fabric.

Electronic textile-based gas sensors with a high response for NO gas were fabricated using reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-coated commercial cotton fabric (rGOC). Graphene oxide (GO) was coated on cotton fabric by simply dipping the cotton into a GO solution. To investigate the relationship between the degree of reduction and the sensing response, the GO-coated fabrics were thermally reduced at various temperatures (190, 200, 300, and 400 °C).

Hydroboration of Hollow Microporous Organic Polymers: A Promising Postsynthetic Modification Method for Functional Materials.

This work shows that hydroboration can be efficiently applied to the postsynthetic modification (PSM) of the Sonogashira-Hagihara coupling-based microporous organic polymers (MOPs). Hollow MOPs (H-MOPs) were prepared by template synthesis through the Sonogashira-Hagihara coupling of tetra(4-ethynylphenyl)methane with 1,4-diiodobenzene. The H-MOPs were used as platforms in the PSM-based functionalization.

Effect of preparation method of noble metal supported catalyts on formaldehyde oxidation at room temperature: Gas or liquid phase reduction.

Formaldehyde (HCHO) is toxic to the human body and is one of the main threats to the indoor air quality (IAQ). As such, the removal of HCHO is imperative to improving the IAQ, whereby the most useful method to effectively remove HCHO at room temperature is catalytic oxidation. This review discusses catalysts for HCHO room-temperature oxidation, which are categorized according to their preparation methods, i.

Effect of a modified 13X zeolite support in Pd-based catalysts for hydrogen oxidation at room temperature.

This study investigated the effect of a modified 13X zeolite to Pd/zeolite catalyst on the oxidation of hydrogen to ensure safety from hydrogen leakage. The catalytic activity of Pd/zeolite catalysts was significantly affected by acid treatment of 13X zeolite support and various calcination temperatures (300 °C, 400 °C, 500 °C, 600 °C) of the Pd/zeolite catalyst. To understand the correlation between the activity and physical properties of the catalysts, activity test, XRD, BET, TEM, TPR, and TPO were performed; Pd/13X (400) was shown to have a high catalytic activity, which depended on the dispersion and particle size of palladium.

Role of oxide support in Ni based catalysts for CO methanation.

The CO methanation reaction of reduced and unreduced Ni based CeO, AlO, TiO and YO supported catalysts was investigated. The Ni/CeO and Ni/YO catalysts exhibited similar CO conversions at all reaction temperatures. The catalysts were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), H chemisorption, H temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), and diffuse reflection infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS); the results suggested that the reducibility of both metal and support at low temperature, strong metal support interaction and small Ni particle size are important factors for low-temperature CO methanation.

Effect of flaking on the digestibility of corn in ruminants.

In this study, we aimed to assess the effect of flaking on the nutrient digestibility of corn grain in ruminants. In this regard, rumen fermentation, rumen degradability, and metabolic experiments were performed. The automated gas production technique was used for the fermentation experiments.

Defect-rich CeO in a hollow carbon matrix engineered from a microporous organic platform: a hydroxide-assisted high performance pseudocapacitive material.

A microporous organic polymer (MOP) was utilized for the engineering of nanoparticulate CeO in a hollow carbon matrix (H-C/CeO). After CeO nanoparticles were incorporated into a hollow MOP platform (H-MOP) through the decomposition of cerium acetate, successive carbonization produced H-C/CeO. The redox feature of defective CeO in a conductive carbon matrix induced promising pseudocapacitive behavior.

Colorimetric determination of phenolic compounds using peroxidase mimics based on biomolecule-free hybrid nanoflowers consisting of graphitic carbon nitride and copper.

Hybrid nanoflowers consisting of graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) and copper were successfully constructed without the involvement of any biomolecule, by simply mixing them at room temperature to induce proper self-assembly to achieve a flower-like morphology. The resulting biomolecule-free GCN-copper hybrid nanoflowers (GCN-Cu NFs) exhibited an apparent peroxidase-mimicking activity, possibly owing to the synergistic effect from the coordination of GCN and copper, as well as their large surface area, which increased the number of catalytic reaction sites. The peroxidase-mimicking GCN-Cu NFs were then employed in the colorimetric determination of selected phenolic compounds hydroquinone (HQ), methylhydroquinone (MHQ), and catechol (CC).

Room-Temperature Synthesis of a Hollow Microporous Organic Polymer Bearing Activated Alkyne IR Probes for Nonradical Thiol-yne Click-Based Post-Functionalization.

This work shows that hollow microporous organic polymer (H-MOP-A) with activated internal alkynes as IR probes can be prepared by template synthesis based on acyl Sonogashira-Hagihara coupling at room temperature. The H-MOP-A is a versatile platform in the main chain PSM based on nonradical thiol-yne click reaction. Moreover, an IR peak of internal alkynes in the H-MOP-A is very intense and could be utilized in the monitoring of thiol-yne click-based main chain PSM.

Valorization of Click-Based Microporous Organic Polymer: Generation of Mesoionic Carbene-Rh Species for the Stereoselective Synthesis of Poly(arylacetylene)s.

This work reports the functionalization of azide-alkyne click-based microporous organic polymer (CMOP). The generation of triazolium salts and successive deprotonation induced mesoionic carbene species in hollow CMOP (H-CMOP). Rh(I) species could be coordinated to the mesoionic carbene species to form H-CMOP-Rh, showing excellent heterogeneous catalytic performance in the stereoselective polymerization of arylacetylenes.

Effects of pH and metal composition on selective extraction of calcium from steel slag for Ca(OH) production.

This research article explains the effects of pH and metal composition on the selective calcium extraction from steel slag. The operating parameters including extraction solvent type, solvent concentration, metal composition of steel slag, substance type and pH were investigated. HCl, NHCl, NHOH and NaOH were employed as solvents to extract Ca from steel slag.

Surface Properties of Cement Kiln Dust with Water Treatment for Selective Extraction of Calcium and Potassium.

Water and hydrochloric acid were employed as solvents to extract K and Ca from K- and Ca- rich cement kiln dust (CKD). It has been shown that hydrochloric acid effectively extracts Ca and K from CKD with efficiencies of more than 85 and 99%, respectively. On the other hand, water, as a solvent, selectively extracts K and Cl with an efficiency of 99%.

FeO@Void@Microporous Organic Polymer-Based Multifunctional Drug Delivery Systems: Targeting, Imaging, and Magneto-Thermal Behaviors.

Multifunctional drug delivery systems were designed and engineered by template synthesis of a microporous organic polymer (MOP) and by postsynthetic modification. Hollow MOP spheres bearing FeO yolks (FeO@Void@MOP) were prepared by the synthesis of MOP on FeO@SiO nanoparticles and by successive silica etching. In addition to the magneto-thermal function of FeO yolks, an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) feature was incorporated into the FeO@Void@MOP through a homocoupling of tetra(4-ethynylphenyl)ethylene to form FeO@Void@MOP-TE.

Electrolyte-Dependent Sodium Ion Transport Behaviors in Hard Carbon Anode.

A comprehensive study is conducted on hard carbon (HC) series samples by tuning the graphitic local microstructures systematically as an anode for SIBs in both carbonate- (CBE) and glyme-based electrolytes (GBE). The results reveal more detailed charge storage characters of HCs on the LVP section. 1) The LVP capacity is closely related to the prismatic surface area to the basal plane as well as the bulk density, regardless of electrolyte systems.

Fabrication of Fiber@Microporous Organic Polymer with Amino Groups@Cu Films for Flexible and Metal-Economical Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Materials.

Flexible and metal-economical electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding films were fabricated based on microporous organic polymer (MOP) chemistry. MOP with amino groups (MOP-A) could be introduced to the surface of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibers. Due to the microporosity and amino groups of MOP-A, Ag could be easily incorporated into PET@MOP-A.

Nanoparticulate Conjugated Microporous Polymer with Post-Modified Benzils for Enhanced Pseudocapacitor Performance.

Conjugated microporous polymer (CMP)-based energy-storage materials were developed for pseudocapacitors. Nanoparticulate CMP (N-CMP) with an average diameter of 41±4 nm was prepared through kinetic growth control in the Sonogashira coupling of 1,3,5-triethynylbenzene with 1,4-diiodobenzene. The N-CMP is rich in a diphenylacetylene moiety in its chemical structure.

Rosette-shaped graphitic carbon nitride acts as a peroxidase mimic in a wide pH range for fluorescence-based determination of glucose with glucose oxidase.

Rosette-shaped graphitic carbon nitride (rosette-GCN) is described as a promising alternative to natural peroxidase for its application to fluorescence-based glucose assays. Rosette-GCN was synthesized via a rapid reaction between melamine and cyanuric acid for 10 min at 35 °C, followed by thermal calcination for 4 h. Importantly, rosette-GCN possesses a peroxidase-like activity, producing intense fluorescence from the oxidation of Amplex UltraRed in the presence of HO over a broad pH-range of, including neutral pH; the peroxidase activity of rosette-GCN was ~ 10-fold higher than that of conventional bulk-GCN.

Hierarchically Nanoporous Pyropolymers Derived from Waste Pinecone as a Pseudocapacitive Electrode for Lithium Ion Hybrid Capacitors.

The non-aqueous asymmetric lithium ion hybrid capacitor (LIHC) is a tactical energy storage device composed of a faradic and non-faradic electrode pair, which aims to achieve both high energy and great power densities. On the other hand, the different types of electrode combinations cause severe imbalances in energy and power capabilities, leading to poor electrochemical performance. Herein, waste pinecone-derived hierarchically porous pyropolymers (WP-HPPs) were fabricated as a surface-driven pseudocapacitive electrode, which has the advantages of both faradic and non-faradic electrodes.

Boosting Visible-Light Photocatalytic Redox Reaction by Charge Separation in SnO /ZnSe(N H ) Heterojunction Nanocatalysts.

In this work, environmentally friendly photocatalysts with attractive catalytic properties are reported that have been prepared by introducing SnO quantum dots (QDs) directly onto ZnSe(N H ) substrates to induce advantageous charge separation. The SnO /ZnSe(N H ) nanocomposites could be easily synthesized through a one-pot hydrothermal process. Owing to the absence of capping ligands, the attached SnO QDs displayed superior photocatalytic properties, generating many exposed reactive surfaces.

Iron Coordination to Hollow Microporous Metal-Free Disalphen Networks: Heterogeneous Iron Catalysts for CO Fixation to Cyclic Carbonates.

This work shows that a hollow and microporous metal-free N,N'-phenylenebis(salicylideneimine) (salphen) network (H-MSN) can be engineered by Sonogashira coupling of [tetraiodo{di(Zn-salphen)}] building blocks with 1,4-diethynylbenzene in the presence of silica templates and by successive Zn and silica etching. Iron(III) ions could be incorporated into the H-MSN to form hollow and microporous Fe-disalphen networks (H-MFeSN) with enhanced microporosity and surface area. The H-MFeSN showed efficient catalytic performance and recyclability in the CO conversion to cyclic carbonates.

Colloidal Template Synthesis of Nanomaterials by Using Microporous Organic Nanoparticles: The Case of C@MoS Nanoadsorbents.

The so-called colloidal template synthesis has been applied to the preparation of surface-engineered nanoadsorbents. Colloidal microporous organic network nanotemplates (C-MONs), which showed a high surface area (611 m  g ) and enhanced microporosity, were prepared through the networking of organic building blocks in the presence of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP). Owing to entrapment of the PVP in networks, the C-MONs showed good colloidal dispersion in EtOH.

Morphology engineering of a Suzuki coupling-based microporous organic polymer (MOP) using a Sonogashira coupling-based MOP for enhanced nitrophenol sensing in water.

The morphology of a Suzuki coupling-based microporous organic polymer (SUM) was controlled by the use of a Sonogashira coupling-based microporous organic polymer (SOM). The template synthesis resulted in water compatible and hollow SOM@SUM materials bearing tetraphenylethylene moieties (H-SOM@SUM-T), which showed aggregation-induced emission and promising sensing performance towards nitrophenols in water.

Hyper-Cross-Linked Polymer on the Hollow Conjugated Microporous Polymer Platform: A Heterogeneous Catalytic System for Poly(caprolactone) Synthesis.

This work shows that the shape-controlled microporous organic polymer (MOP) can be utilized for the morphological engineering of another class of MOP materials. The morphology of a hyper-cross-linked polymer (HCP) was successfully engineered on the hollow conjugated microporous polymer (CMP). Through the postsynthetic modification of HCP bearing BINOLs (HCP-B) on the hollow CMP-like material (H-CMPL), the HCP bearing BINOL phosphoric acid (HCP-BP) was engineered on the H-CMPL platform.