Endoscopic radial incision and cutting technique for treatment-naive stricture of colorectal anastomosis: Two case reports.

Background: Anastomotic stenosis (AS) after colorectal surgery was treated with balloon dilation, endoscopic procedure or surgery. The endoscopic procedures including dilation, electrocautery incision, or radial incision and cutting (RIC) were preferred because of lower complication rates than surgery and are less invasive. Endoscopic RIC has a greater success rate than dilation methods.

Penile metastasis in rectal cancer with pathologic complete response after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: The first case report and literature review.

Rationale: Penile metastasis in rectal cancer is very rare and often originates from prostatic or bladder cancer. The prognosis of penile metastasis is poor and its treatments are more often palliative than curative due to association with disseminated metastases. Pathologic complete response (pCR) in rectal cancer with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) has been shown to be surrogate marker of favorable long-term outcomes and currently has no report of penile metastasis.

Factors affecting retrieval of 12 or more lymph nodes in pT1 colorectal cancers.

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify clinicopathological factors that affect the number of lymph nodes (LNs) (12 or more) retrieved from patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), particularly those with pathologic T1 (pT1) disease.

Methods: From 429 CRC patients, 75 pT1 cancers were identified and digitally scanned. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the clinicopathological factors affecting the number of LNs retrieved from all 429 patients and from the subset of patients with pT1 CRC.

Results of Laparotomy and Laparoscopy for Perforated Colonic Diverticulitis.

Background And Objectives: The applications of laparoscopic surgery are expanding, but there is still controversy about its application in patients with peritonitis resulting from diverticulitis perforation. This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the postoperative mortality rate in patients undergoing surgery for perforated diverticulitis. Further, we compared the recovery courses of patients between open and laparoscopic surgeries.

Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Colon With Carcinomatosis Peritonei.

Colorectal large-cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) are extremely rare and have very poor prognosis compared to adenocarcinomas. A 74-year-old man presented with abdominal pain, diarrhea and hematochezia. The histopathologic report of colonoscopic biopsy performed at a local clinic was a poorly differentiated carcinoma.

Correlation Between Bowel Preparation and the Adenoma Detection Rate in Screening Colonoscopy.

Purpose: The adenoma detection rate is commonly used as a measure of the quality of colonoscopy. This study assessed both the association between the adenoma detection rate and the quality of bowel preparation and the risk factors associated with the adenoma detection rate in screening colonoscopy.

Methods: This retrospective analysis involved 1,079 individuals who underwent screening colonoscopy at the National Cancer Center between December 2012 and April 2014.

Diagnostic and prognostic value of preoperative F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography for colorectal cancer: comparison with conventional computed tomography.

Background/aims: F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) has been used for preoperative staging of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the diagnostic accuracy of FDG-PET/CT for detection of lymph node or distant metastasis and its prognostic role have not been well established. We therefore evaluated the diagnostic and prognostic value of FDG-PET/CT in comparison with conventional CT for CRC.

Factors predicting malignancy in adult intussusception: An experience in university-affiliated hospitals.

Background: Intussusception is one of the common causes of intestinal obstruction in children but is uncommon in adults. Unlike pediatric intussusception, most adult cases have a demonstrable etiology. The purpose of this study was to review our experience of adult intussusception and to identify the predictive factors for malignancy in this disease.

Prolonged operative time in laparoscopic appendectomy: Predictive factors and outcomes.

Introduction: To our knowledge, this study is the first to identify the predictive factors and outcomes of prolonged operative time associated with laparoscopic appendectomy. We aimed to identify preoperative factors that influence operation time and to determine how operative time affects laparoscopic appendectomy outcomes.

Methods: The medical records of 3049 patients who had undergone laparoscopic appendectomy between January 2008 and December 2014 were retrospectively reviewed.

LAMP-3 (Lysosome-Associated Membrane Protein 3) Promotes the Intracellular Proliferation of Salmonella typhimurium.

Lysosomes are cellular organelles containing diverse classes of catabolic enzymes that are implicated in diverse cellular processes including phagocytosis, autophagy, lipid transport, and aging. Lysosome-associated membrane proteins (LAMP-1 and LAMP-2) are major glycoproteins important for maintaining lysosomal integrity, pH, and catabolism. LAMP-1 and LAMP-2 are constitutively expressed in Salmonella-infected cells and are recruited to Salmonella-containing vacuoles (SCVs) as well as Salmonella-induced filaments (Sifs) that promote the survival and proliferation of the Salmonella.

HDAC inhibitors induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition in colon carcinoma cells.

The effects of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) differ in various types of cancers. We investigated the EMT phenotype in four colon cancer cell lines when challenged with HDAC inhibitors trichostatin A (TSA) and valproic acid (VPA) with or without transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) treatment. Four colon cancer cell lines with different phenotypes in regards to tumorigenicity, microsatellite stability and DNA mutation were used.

CEACAM6 as detected by the AP11 antibody is a marker notable for mucin-producing adenocarcinomas.

A new monoclonal antibody recognizing CEACAM6, which we named AP11, was generated by immunizing BALB/c mice with phytohemagglutinin-activated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. This study aims to evaluate whether CEACAM6 can serve as a tumor marker using AP11. We examined the expression of CEACAM6 with AP11 in 11 human carcinoma cell lines by flow cytometry and 439 human tissues including 282 tumor tissues and 157 normal tissues by immunohistochemistry.

Mesh-based transperineal repair of a perineal hernia after a laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection.

A perineal hernia (PH) is formed by a protrusion of intra-abdominal viscera through a defect in the pelvic floor. This is a rare complication after a conventional abdominoperineal resection (APR). However, the risk of a PH may be increased after a laparoscopic resection because this technique can cause fewer postoperative adhesions, predisposing the small bowel to sliding down toward the pelvis.

Impact of hyperglycemia on survival and infection-related adverse events in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who were receiving palliative chemotherapy.

Purpose: Non-metastatic colorectal cancer patients with diabetes have poor overall survival than those without diabetes. However, the effect of hyperglycemia on survival after diagnosis of metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been assessed. Therefore, we assessed the impact of hyperglycemia on the survival and infection-related adverse events (AEs) in patients with metastatic CRC.

Multicenter nonrandomized trial of ramosetron versus palonosetron in controlling chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting for colorectal cancer.

Purpose: Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) have a negative impact on patients' quality of life and frequently pointed to as a major factor for treatment abandonment. Serotonin (5-HT3) receptor antagonist is considered as key treatment for CINV. Ramosetron and palonosetron are recently developed 5-HT3 receptor antagonists and known as more superior than other first-generation 5-HT3 receptor antagonists.

Prospective multicenter phase II clinical trial of FOLFIRI chemotherapy as a neoadjuvant treatment for colorectal cancer with multiple liver metastases.

Purpose: This study evaluated the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy combining 5-flurouracil/folinic acid with irinotecan (FOLFIRI) in colorectal multiple liver metastases regardless of resectability.

Methods: Forty-four patients with multiple (at least two) colorectal liver metastases were enrolled at seven tertiary referral hospitals between May 2007 and September 2010. All patients received the FOLFIRI chemotherapeutic regimen.

Transanal single-port microsurgery for rectal tumors: minimal invasive surgery under spinal anesthesia.

Background: Transanal minimally invasive surgery (TAMIS) for rectal tumors has been introduced as an alternative approach to transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM). TEM has some limitations, such as the need for special equipment, expensive cost, and steep learning curve. In this study, we address the technical feasibility of TAMIS under spinal anesthesia and its short-term postoperative outcomes.

Podoplanin, α-smooth muscle actin or S100A4 expressing cancer-associated fibroblasts are associated with different prognosis in colorectal cancers.

The interactions between the tumor microenvironment and tumor cells determine the behavior of the primary tumors. Whether cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) have a tumor progressive or a protective role likely depends on the type of tumor cells and the CAF subpopulation. In the present study, we analyzed the prognostic significance of CAF subpopulations in colorectal cancer (CRC).

Combined aberrant expression of E-cadherin and S100A4, but not β-catenin is associated with disease-free survival and overall survival in colorectal cancer patients.

Background/aims: Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancers is related to metastasis, recurrence, and poor prognosis. We evaluated whether EMT-related proteins can act as prognostic biomarkers in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.

Methods: We evaluated the expression of E-cadherin, β-catenin, and S100A4 by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 333 CRC tissues from the tumor center and invasive margin.

Unusual case of solitary perineal subcutaneous metastasis from sigmoid colon cancer.

Subcutaneous metastasis from colorectal cancer is an unusual presentation. Most perineal subcutaneous metastases are found in extensive involvements of multiorgan metastases or local recurrences of rectal cancer. Subcutaneous metastasis from colon cancer is considered as a distant metastasis with poor prognosis.

Clinical predictive factors of pathologic tumor response after preoperative chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify clinical predictive factors for tumor response after preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in rectal cancer.

Materials And Methods: The study involved 51 patients who underwent preoperative CRT followed by surgery between January 2005 and February 2012. Radiotherapy was delivered to the whole pelvis at a dose of 45 Gy in 25 fractions, followed by a boost of 5.

Treatment of a recurrent rectourethral fistula by using transanal rectal flap advancement and fibrin glue: a case report.

Rectourethral fistulas (RUFs) in adults are rare and could result from complicated trauma, and prostatic or rectal surgery. RUFs have been treated initially by using primary repair and omental interposition with or without a colostomy during surgery. Recurrent RUFs require complex surgery, such as a low rectal resection and coloanal anastomosis, an interposition flap of the datos muscle or gracilis muscle, and others.

A case of colovesical fistula induced by sigmoid diverticulitis.

Colonic diverticulosis has continuously increased, noticeably left-sided diseases, in Korea. A colovesical fistula is an uncommon complication of diverticulitis, and its most common cause is diverticular disease. Confirmation of its presence generally depends on clinical findings, such as pneumaturia and fecaluria.

Voltage-dependent Ca Current Identified in Freshly Isolated Interstitial Cells of Cajal (ICC) of Guinea-pig Stomach.

The properties of voltage dependent Ca(2+) current (VDCC) were investigated in interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) distributed in the myenteric layer (ICC-MY) of guinea-pig antrum. In tissue, ICC-MY showed c-Kit positive reactions and produced driving potentials with the amplitude and frequency of about 62 mV and 2 times min(-1), respectively, in the presence of 1 microM nifedipine. Single ICC-MY isolated by enzyme treatment also showed c-Kit immunohistochemical reactivity.