Genotyping of chimerical BCR-ABL1 RNA in chronic myeloid leukemia by integrated DNA chip.

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph(+)) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are associated with fusion of the BCR and ABL1 genes by chromosome translocation. The chimerical BCR-ABL1 gene encodes different fusion proteins that vary in size, depending on the breakpoint in the BCR region. Different types of fusion genes in CML and Ph(+) ALL are thought to be related to the clinical course and outcome of each patient.

Effects of Brx-019 (acetic acid 3,6a,9-triacetoxy-6,6a,7, 11b-tetrahydro-indeno [2,1-c] chromen-10-yl ester), a Brazilin derivative, on T cell-mediated immune responses in multiple low dose streptozotocin-induced diabetic C57BL/6 male mice.

Brx-019 (acetic acid 3,6a,9-triacetoxy-6, 6a,7,11b-tetrahydro-indeno [2,1-c] chromen-10-yl ester) was derived from brazilin (CAS 474-07-7) during a trial designed to search for immunomodulators with lower toxicity and more effective immunomodulating activities than brazilin. Brx-019 was selected as a potential immunomodulator based on its effects on Concanavalin A (Con A)-induced proliferation of splenocytes and the 3-[14,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Intraperitoneally administered Brx-019 significantly improved delayed type hypersensitivity and increased immunoglobulin M (IgM) plaque forming cells (PFCs) in multiple low dose streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice (MLDS-diabetic mice).

Effects of DK-002, a synthesized (6aS,cis)-9,10-Dimethoxy-7,11b-dihydro-indeno[2,1-c]chromene-3,6a-diol, on platelet activity.

In the present study, the mechanism of antiplatelet activity of DK-002, a synthesized (6aS,cis)-9,10-Dimethoxy-7,11b-dihydro-indeno[2,1-c]chromene-3,6a-diol, was investigated. DK-002 inhibited the thrombin, collagen, and ADP-induced rat platelet aggregation in a concentration-dependent manner, with IC50 values of 120, 27, and 47 microM, respectively. DK-002 also inhibited thrombin-induced dense granule secretion, thromboxane A2 synthesis, and [Ca2+]i elevation in platelets.

Effects of brazilin on the production of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate in rat hepatocytes.

Increased hepatic glucose output is one of the major mechanisms of hyperglycemia in diabetic patients. Fructose-2,6-bisphosphate (F-2,6-BP), a gluconeogenic intermediate, plays a critical role in hepatic glucose output by regulating gluconeogenesis and glycolysis in the liver. Brazilin, an active component of sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan), decreases blood glucose in diabetic animals.

Effects of KST48 [(2R,5SR)3-(2-chlorobenzoyl)-5-(4-chlorophenoxymethyl)-2(3,4-dichlorophenyl) oxazolidine] on glucose transport in L6 myocytes.

KST48 [(2R,5SR)3-(2-chlorobenzoyl)-5-(4-chlorophenoxymethyl)-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)oxazolidine] is an oxazolidine derivative that showed significant stimulating effects on glucose transport in L6 myocytes. The effects of KST48 on glucose uptake were assayed by measuring the transport of 2-deoxyglucose in L6 myocytes. The translocation of glucose transport-4 (GLUT-4) was examined by western blot analysis.

Mechanism of action of Brazilin on gluconeogenesis in isolated rat hepatocytes.

The present study was undertaken to investigate the mechanism of action of brazilin on gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis in isolated rat hepatocytes and to elucidate the hypoglycemic mechanism of brazilin. Brazilin decreased gluconeogenesis at 100 micro M in hepatocytes isolated from diabetic rats. Brazilin also decreased basal and glucagon-induced gluconeogenesis in hepatocytes from normal rats.