Ultrasound biomicroscopy analysis of ciliary muscle dynamics and its relation to intra-ocular pressure after phacoemulsification in dogs.

Introduction: This study investigates the relationship between ciliary muscle dynamics, thickness, and the regulation of intraocular pressure (IOP), focusing on the progression of cataracts and changes post-phacoemulsification. It explores how these factors impact canine ocular health, particularly in the context of cataract development and subsequent surgical intervention.

Materials And Methods: Data was collected using Ultrasound Biomicroscopy (UBM) from dogs at the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Chungbuk National University, Korea.

Discovery of N-benzylbenzamide-based allosteric inhibitors of Aurora kinase A.

Aurora kinases (AurkA/B/C) regulate the assembly of bipolar mitotic spindles and the fidelity of chromosome segregation during mitosis, and are attractive therapeutic targets for cancers. Numerous ATP-competitive AurkA inhibitors have been developed as potential anti-cancer agents. Recently, a few allosteric inhibitors have been reported that bind to the allosteric Y-pocket within AurkA kinase domain and disrupt the interaction between AurkA and its activator TPX2.

Molecular detection and characterization of Acanthamoeba infection in dogs and its association with keratitis in Korea.

Acanthamoeba infection is associated with keratitis in humans; however, its association with keratitis in dogs remains unclear. To investigate this possibility, we collected 171 conjunctival swab samples from dogs with eye-related diseases (65 with keratitis and 106 without keratitis) at Chungbuk National University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Korea, from August 2021 to September 2022. Polymerase chain reaction identified 9 samples (5.

Beneficial Effect of Sirolimus-Pretreated Mesenchymal Stem Cell Implantation on Diabetic Retinopathy in Rats.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a vision-threatening complication that affects virtually all diabetic patients. Various treatments have been attempted, but they have many side effects and limitations. Alternatively, stem cell therapy is being actively researched, but it faces challenges due to a low cell survival rate.

Bright diffusion sign: A sensitive and specific radiologic biomarker for multinodular and vacuolating neuronal tumor.

Background And Purpose: Accurate differentiation between multinodular and vacuolating neuronal tumor (MVNT) and dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor (DNET) is important for treatment decision-making. We aimed to develop an accurate radiologic diagnostic model for differentiating MVNT from DNET using T2WI and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI).

Materials And Methods: A total of 56 patients (mean age, 47.

Deep Learning-Based Synthetic TOF-MRA Generation Using Time-Resolved MRA in Fast Stroke Imaging.

Background And Purpose: Time-resolved MRA enables collateral evaluation in acute ischemic stroke with large-vessel occlusion; however, a low SNR and spatial resolution impede the diagnosis of vascular occlusion. We developed a CycleGAN-based deep learning model to generate high-resolution synthetic TOF-MRA images using time-resolved MRA and evaluated its image quality and clinical efficacy.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective, single-center study included 397 patients who underwent both TOF- and time-resolved MRA between April 2021 and January 2022.

Therapeutic role of 2-stearoxyphenethyl phosphocholine targeting microtubule dynamics and Wnt/β-catenin/EMT signaling in human colorectal cancer cells.

The inhibition of cell death, perturbation of microtubule dynamics, and acceleration of Wnt/β-catenin/epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) signaling are fundamental processes in the progression and metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC). To explore the role of 2-stearoxyphenethyl phosphocholine (stPEPC), an alkylphospholipid-based compound, in CRC, we conducted an MTT assay, cell cycle analysis, western blot analysis, immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence staining, Annexin V/propidium iodide double staining, small interfering RNA gene silencing, a wound-healing assay, an invasion assay, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay in the human CRC cell lines HT29 and HCT116. stPEPC showed anti-proliferative properties and mitotic cell accumulation via upregulated phosphorylation of BUBR1 and an association between mitotic arrest deficiency 2 (MAD2) and cell division cycle protein 20 homolog (CDC20).

Tacrolimus Improves Therapeutic Efficacy of Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Diabetic Retinopathy by Suppressing DRP1-Mediated Mitochondrial Fission.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of blindness in diabetic patients. Umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UCB-MSCs) are emerging as a promising new drug for degenerative disease associated with diabetes. Recent studies have shown that high glucose-increased excessive calcium levels are a major risk factor for mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) accumulation and apoptosis.

Comprehensive Lipid Profiling Recapitulates Enhanced Lipolysis and Fatty Acid Metabolism in Intimal Foamy Macrophages From Murine Atherosclerotic Aorta.

Lipid accumulation in macrophages is a prominent phenomenon observed in atherosclerosis. Previously, intimal foamy macrophages (FM) showed decreased inflammatory gene expression compared to intimal non-foamy macrophages (NFM). Since reprogramming of lipid metabolism in macrophages affects immunological functions, lipid profiling of intimal macrophages appears to be important for understanding the phenotypic changes of macrophages in atherosclerotic lesions.

Comparison between arthroscopic suture anchor fixation and open plate fixation in the greater tuberosity fracture of the proximal humerus.

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical and radiological outcomes of patients undergoing open reduction and internal fixation (OR/IF) using a plate or patients undergoing an arthroscopic suture anchor fixation for the greater tuberosity (GT) fracture of the proximal humerus. The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical and radiological outcomes of patients undergoing OR/IF or an arthroscopic suture anchor fixation for the GT fracture.

Materials And Methods: Between January, 2010 and December, 2020, 122 patients with GT fracture underwent operative fixation.

Preventive Effects of Exosome-Rich Conditioned Medium From Amniotic Membrane-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Diabetic Retinopathy in Rats.

Purpose: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is an important disease that causes vision loss in many diabetic patients. Stem cell therapy has been attempted for treatment of this disease; however, it has some limitations. This study aimed to evaluate the preventive efficacy of exosome-rich conditioned medium (ERCM) derived from amniotic membrane stem cells for DR in rats.

Metallosis-Induced Conversion Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Unique Experience and Literature Review.

Background: Total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) can fail for several reasons, such as component loosening, periprosthetic fracture, instability, infection, soft tissue failure, or joint overstuffing. Severe metallosis without loose glenoid components after TSA may result in the need for revision to reverse TSA.

Case Presentation: Four years before the current presentation, an 86-year-old woman suffered from right shoulder pain and swelling.

Design, synthesis, and study of novel phenethyl-based antitumor phospholipids downregulating p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase.

Phenethyl-based edelfosine-analogs with saturated, monounsaturated, or polyunsaturated alkoxy substituents on phenyl ring were designed as novel antitumor lipids modulating p38 MAPK. Evaluation of the synthesised compounds against nine panels of diverse cancer cells presented saturated and monounsaturated alkoxy-substituted derivatives as the most active than other derivatives. In addition, -substituted compounds were more active than - or -substituted compounds.

Mid-term comparative study between the glenoid and humerus lateralization designs for reverse total shoulder arthroplasty: which lateralization design is better?

Introduction: The complications of the conventional medialized design for reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) are increased scapular notching, and decreased external rotation and deltoid wrapping. Currently, lateralization design RSA, which avoid scapular notching and improve impingement-free range of motion, is commonly used. Especially, humeral lateralization design was most commonly used and glenoid lateralization design was preferred for glenoid abnormities.

Protective effect of 7-hydroxyl-1-methylindole-3-acetonitrile on the intestinal mucosal damage response to inflammation in mice with DSS-induced colitis.

Ulcerative colitis (UC), a pathological condition of inflammatory bowel disease, is a chronic inflammatory disorder that involves an abnormal immune response and epithelial barrier dysfunction. Although we have previously reported the anti-inflammatory effects of 7-hydroxyl-1-methylindole-3-acetonitrile (7-HMIA), a synthesized analog of arvelexin on macrophages and paw edema, its anti-colitis effect and its mechanism are not known. In this study, colitis was induced in mice model by 4% (w/v) dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) solution in drinking water for 9 days.

Zinc enhances autophagic flux and lysosomal function through transcription factor EB activation and V-ATPase assembly.

The stimulation of autophagy or lysosomes has been considered therapeutic for neurodegenerative disorders because the accumulation of misfolded proteins is commonly observed in the brains of individuals with these diseases. Although zinc is known to play critical roles in the functions of lysosomes and autophagy, the mechanism behind this regulatory relationship remains unclear. Therefore, in this study, we examined which mechanism is involved in zinc-mediated activation of autophagy and lysosome.

Characteristics of plaque lipid-associated macrophages and their possible roles in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.

Purpose Of Review: Recent findings from single-cell transcriptomic studies prompted us to revisit the role of plaque foamy macrophages in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In this review, we compared the gene expression profile of plaque foamy macrophages with those of other disease-associated macrophages and discussed their functions in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.

Recent Findings: To understand the phenotypes of macrophages in atherosclerotic aorta, many research groups performed single-cell RNA sequencing analysis and found that there are distinct phenotypic differences among intimal foamy, nonfoamy and adventitial macrophages.

miR-96-5p targets PTEN to mediate sunitinib resistance in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

A multiple receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, sunitinib, is a first-line therapy for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC). Unfortunately, it has the major challenges of low initial response rate and resistance after about one year of treatment. Here we evaluated a microRNA (miRNA) and its target responsible for sunitinib resistance.

Synthetic Time of Flight Magnetic Resonance Angiography Generation Model Based on Cycle-Consistent Generative Adversarial Network Using PETRA-MRA in the Patients With Treated Intracranial Aneurysm.

Background: Pointwise encoding time reduction with radial acquisition (PETRA) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) is useful for evaluating intracranial aneurysm recurrence, but the problem of severe background noise and low peripheral signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) remain. Deep learning could reduce noise using high- and low-quality images.

Purpose: To develop a cycle-consistent generative adversarial network (cycleGAN)-based deep learning model to generate synthetic TOF (synTOF) using PETRA.

Development and validation of visual grading system for stenosis in intracranial atherosclerotic disease on time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography.

Objectives: Although the overestimation problem of time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (TOF-MRA) applying the warfarin-aspirin symptomatic intracranial disease (WASID) method to assess intracranial arterial stenosis has often been suggested, no pertinent grading system for TOF-MRA has been developed. We aimed to develop and evaluate the performance of a visual grading system for intracranial arterial stenosis on TOF-MRA (MRA).

Methods: This single-center cohort study analyzed prospective observational registry data from a comprehensive stroke center between January 2014 and February 2020.

Regulation of ROS-Dependent JNK Pathway by 2'-Hydroxycinnamaldehyde Inducing Apoptosis in Human Promyelocytic HL-60 Leukemia Cells.

The present study demonstrated that 2'-hydroxycinnamaldehyde (2'-HCA) induced apoptosis in human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells through the activation of mitochondrial pathways including (1) translocation of Bim and Bax from the cytosol to mitochondria, (2) downregulation of Bcl-2 protein expression, (3) cytochrome release into the cytosol, (4) loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δ), and (5) caspase activation. 2'-HCA also induced the activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2) in HL-60 cells. The pharmacological and genetic inhibition of JNK effectively prevented 2'-HCA-induced apoptosis and activator protein-1 (AP-1)-DNA binding.