Publications by authors named "Sang-Do Shin"
Introduction: A crowd crush can lead to respiratory arrest and result in multiple mass cardiac arrests (MCAs), which are often classified as Black Tag in disaster triage. Recently, many laypersons have been commonly trained in compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) without ventilation support in various communities. This study aims to describe the characteristics of bystander CPR administered and the outcomes of MCAs during the Itaewon crowd crush incident.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe quality of the visual information transmitted from a scene is crucial for effective medical supervision in prehospital settings. This study investigated the influence of wearable camera mount locations on visibility during simulated out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation. A prospective, observational, non-randomized simulation study was conducted to replicate a cardiac arrest scenario adhering to an advanced life support (ALS) protocol.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Evidence regarding the effect of time to neurosurgical and neuroradiological intervention on outcomes in traumatic brain injury (TBI) across Asia-Pacific region is limited. This study evaluates the quality of care and outcomes for TBI patients undergoing neurosurgical and neuroradiological procedures at different timings.
Methods: Adult TBI patients who received any neurosurgical or neuroradiological interventions during the year 2015-2022 in the Pan-Asian Trauma Outcome Study database were analyzed.
Objective: Overseas Koreans face challenges in accessing adequate medical care abroad. Understanding the epidemiology and costs of international medical repatriation is important.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of overseas Korean patients who were repatriated to South Korea between 2019 and 2021 was conducted.
Background: Injuries pose a significant global health challenge due to their high incidence and mortality rates. Although injury surveillance is essential for prevention, it is resource-intensive. This study aimed to develop and validate locally deployable large language models (LLMs) to extract core injury-related information from Emergency Department (ED) clinical notes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) has increased in Singapore, Japan, and South Korea following the implementation of several public health, bystander-focused interventions, such as dispatcher-assisted CPR and community CPR training. It is unclear whether bystander CPR prevalence will continue on this trajectory over time. This study aimed to investigate the temporal trends of bystander CPR prevalence over a ten-year period in these three Asian countries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Early initiation of targeted temperature management (TTM) is crucial for post-resuscitation care. Although TTM is initiated prior to transport and continued during interhospital transport (IHT), its feasibility and safety during IHT for cardiac arrest patients have not been thoroughly assessed. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and safety of interhospital TTM for post-resuscitation patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- - The study developed reinforcement learning models to determine the best on-scene resuscitation times for adult patients experiencing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) using data from Korea (totaling 73,905 cases).
- - The models focused on maximizing patient survival by employing techniques like conservative Q-learning and Random Survival Forest to improve predicted outcomes.
- - Results showed that optimal resuscitation times increased survival rates to hospital discharge from 9.6% to 12.5% and good neurological recovery from 5.4% to 7.5%, with recommendations tailored to various patient and emergency service characteristics.
The optimal prehospital blood pressure in patients following traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains controversial. We aimed to assess the association between the systolic blood pressure (SBP) at emergency department triage and patient outcomes following isolated moderate-to-severe TBI. We conducted a cross-national multicenter retrospective cohort study using the Pan-Asia Trauma Outcomes Study database from January 1, 2016, to November 30, 2018.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are a major public health issue in Korea, heavily affecting vulnerable road users (VRUs) and this study focuses on evaluating the severe RTI cases from 2016 to 2020 using a nationwide trauma registry.
- Out of 143,021 severe trauma cases analyzed, 24,464 were RTIs, with pedestrians being the most affected group, and a significant proportion of patients (51.6%) experienced in-hospital mortality, including a notable rate of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA).
- The study found a stable overall number of severe RTIs but identified trends such as declining pedestrian cases and increasing motorcyclist cases, poor safety device usage rates, and highlighted that
Objective: Driving under the influence (DUI) of alcohol is a major risk factor for fatal road traffic injuries (RTIs) worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the implementation of new acts on DUI of alcohol and the clinical outcomes of patients with severe RTIs in Korea.
Methods: This is a community-based cross-sectional study using a nationwide severe trauma registry in Korea.
Article Synopsis
- This study examines the rise in non-emergent emergency department (ED) visits among cancer patients as the population ages, analyzing data from the National Emergency Department Information System (NEDIS).
- Out of over 1.1 million cancer-related ED visits from 2016 to 2020, about 19% were categorized as non-emergent, with common complaints including abdominal distension and limb pain, particularly noted in thyroid and prostate cancer patients.
- The findings suggest that many cancer patients may benefit from enhanced supportive care resources outside the ED to manage symptoms effectively and improve overall care quality.
Vitamin D deficiency as a risk factor for sudden cardiac arrest: A multicenter case-control study.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis
September 2024
Article Synopsis
- This study investigates the link between vitamin D levels and sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients compared to healthy individuals.
- Using data from the CAPTURES II registry, researchers compared vitamin D levels in 454 OHCA cases and 454 matched controls, revealing lower levels in the OHCA group.
- The findings suggest vitamin D deficiency significantly increases the risk of SCA, independent of other health factors, with severe deficiency showing a particularly high association with SCA incidence.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between patient age and guideline adherence for prehospital care in emergency medical services (EMS) for moderate to severe trauma.
Methods: This was a retrospective observational study that used a nationwide EMS-based trauma database from 2016 to 2019. Adult trauma patients whose injury severity score was greater than or equal to nine were screened, and those with cardiac arrest or without outcome data were excluded.
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates how the case volume of ambulance stations impacts clinical outcomes, specifically in-hospital mortality rates for moderate to severe trauma patients transported by EMS between 2018 and 2019.
- - Analyzed data from 21,498 trauma patients revealed that those treated at high-volume ambulance stations had significantly lower mortality rates (9.0%) compared to those at intermediate (14.1%) and low-volume (14.1%) stations.
- - The findings suggest that higher ambulance station case volumes correlate with better survival outcomes in trauma patients, implying that EMS systems and training programs should consider these factors to improve prehospital trauma care.
Article Synopsis
- This study developed a predictive model for ICU admission using heart rate variability (HRV) data from patients in an academic hospital.
- It analyzed two groups: patients admitted to the ICU and those in the operating room who weren't admitted, with data collected every 5 minutes.
- Key findings included factors influencing ICU admission like a history of diabetes, high heart rates, changes in RMSSD, and lower SDRR, resulting in an effective model with an AUC of 0.947.
A growing number out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) registries have been developed across the globe. A few of these are national, while others cover larger geographical regions. These registries have common objectives; continuous quality improvement, epidemiological research and providing infrastructure for clinical trials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCorrigendum to "Development and Asian-wide validation of the Grade for Interpretable Field Triage (GIFT) for predicting mortality in pre-hospital patients using the Pan-Asian Trauma Outcomes Study (PATOS)" [The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific 34 (2023) 100733].
Lancet Reg Health West Pac
March 2024
Article Synopsis
- The text addresses an error found in a previously published article, specifically the one with DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100733.
- It indicates that the correction is being made to ensure the accuracy of the information presented in the article.
- This update is important for maintaining the integrity of academic research and ensuring that readers have access to the most reliable data.
Article Synopsis
- Patient isolation units (PIUs) are effective for infection control, but optimizing their design typically requires extensive computational resources, which this study aims to address using data-driven models.
- The study used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to examine how various PIU settings and room conditions impact ventilation and isolation, focusing on airflow patterns and particle dispersion from coughing.
- Key findings indicate that while physical isolation alone isn't enough to stop particle spread, the addition of a fan filter unit (FFU) significantly improves isolation performance, with its positioning being the most crucial factor influencing PIU effectiveness.
Article Synopsis
- The study evaluated if EMS agencies performing well in treating out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) also excel in managing major trauma cases.
- Data were analyzed from EMS-treated patients in South Korea, focusing on prehospital management and early mortality rates across different EMS agency performance quartiles.
- Results indicated that better compliance with EMS protocols and higher quality indicators in OHCA correlated with lower early mortality rates in severe trauma patients, particularly those in the highest-performing group (Q4).
Objective: Motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) are known to cause traumatic cardiac arrest; it is unclear whether seat belts prevent this. This study aimed to evaluate the association between seat belt use and immediate cardiac arrest in cases of MVCs.
Method: This cross-sectional observational study used data from a nationwide EMS-based severe trauma registry in South Korea.
Article Synopsis
- The Korean out-of-hospital cardiac arrest registry (KOHCAR) was established in 2008 to monitor and improve survival rates for cardiac arrest cases outside of hospitals in South Korea.
- KOHCAR gathers comprehensive data from emergency medical services and hospitals, allowing for a thorough analysis of patient care and outcomes.
- While KOHCAR has positively impacted survival rates, the COVID-19 pandemic has created challenges that require better data use and communication strategies across various groups to improve outcomes going forward.*
Article Synopsis
- Major trauma is a leading cause of unexpected deaths worldwide, and while current field triage schemes (FTSs) help identify proper care facilities, they can be inefficient and time-consuming.* -
- A simplified field triage scheme (sFTS) using only physiological and anatomical criteria was evaluated to determine its effectiveness in identifying high-risk trauma patients across different age groups in Asia.* -
- The study found that while the initial sFTS had moderate sensitivity and specificity, modifications like adjusting criteria and including the shock index improved its ability to identify severely injured patients.*
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates how genetic, environmental, and behavioral factors contribute to sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) by analyzing data from a multicentre case-control study involving 1016 cases and 1731 controls in Korea.
- - Significant associations with SCA were found for factors like a family history of SCA, low education levels, existing heart disease, current smoking, and irregular exercise.
- - The results suggest the need for personalized prevention strategies alongside general SCA prevention measures to effectively reduce risk.
Article Synopsis
- To improve resuscitation outcomes during cardiac emergencies, the PReCAP model was created to predict the likelihood of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) at the scene of an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).
- This model analyzes various prehospital data from the Pan-Asian Resuscitation Outcome Study (PAROS) database, which includes a significant number of patients, to provide real-time predictions on key survival metrics.
- The PReCAP model shows strong predictive capabilities with AUROC scores ranging from 0.80 to 0.93 for different outcomes, indicating its potential use across diverse populations and locations.