Macrophage-induced Expression of TonEBP/NFAT5 Is Associated With Gefitinib Resistance and Migration in PC-9 Cells.

Background/aim: Macrophages prevail in the microenvironment of several tumors, including non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), where they secrete pro-tumorigenic factors that contribute to cancer progression. This study investigated the role of macrophages on the resistance of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated NSCLC cells to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).

Materials And Methods: EGFR-mutated cell lines PC-9 and HCC827 were cocultured with macrophages and treated with TKIs (erlotinib and gefitinib).

TonEBP/NFAT5 expression is associated with cisplatin resistance and migration in macrophage-induced A549 cells.

Background: Macrophages promote angiogenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance in several cancers. Similarly, TonEBP/NFAT5 induces metastasis in renal carcinoma and colon cancer cells. However, the role of this transcription factor and that of macrophages in lung cancer cells remains unclear.

TonEBP expression is essential in the IL-1β-induced migration and invasion of human A549 lung cancer cells.

Lung cancer has the highest mortality rate among all cancers, in part because it readily metastasizes. The tumor microenvironment, comprising blood vessels, fibroblasts, immune cells, and macrophages [including tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs)], is closely related to cancer cell growth, migration, and invasion. TAMs secrete several cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β, which participate in cancer migration and invasion.

Value of cardiopulmonary exercise testing in the assessment of symptoms and quality of life in Asian patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: The natural course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by symptom exacerbation and quality-of-life reduction. Therefore, symptoms should be properly assessed. Some studies have demonstrated a weak correlation between cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) parameters and symptoms in patients with COPD; however, data on Asian patients are lacking.

High urinary desmosine is associated with long-term mortality in patients with COPD.

https://bit.ly/4015xZ9.

Chest computed tomography scan utilization and diagnostic outcomes in chronic cough patients with normal chest X-rays: analysis of routinely collected data of a tertiary academic hospital.

Background: The role of chest computed tomography (CT) scan is controversial in the management of chronic cough patients with normal chest X-rays. We investigated the utilization pattern and diagnostic outcomes of chest CT scans using institutional routinely collected data (RCD) in South Korea.

Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of adults with chronic cough (>8 weeks in duration) identified from routinely collected electronic health records (EHRs).

Codeine prescription pattern and treatment responses in patients with chronic cough: a routinely collected institutional database analysis.

Background: Codeine has been long used as an antitussive drug in several countries. However, a prescription pattern of codeine, such as dose or treatment duration, has not been reported in detail. Furthermore, there is few scientific evidence on the efficacy and safety.

Inhibits Adipogenic Transcription Factors during Adipocyte Differentiation in 3T3-L1 Cells.

Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox factor-1 () is a multifunctional protein involved in DNA repair and redox regulation. The redox activity of is involved in inflammatory responses and regulation of DNA binding of transcription factors related to cell survival pathways. However, the effect of on adipogenic transcription factor regulation remains unknown.

Impact of Previous Occupational Exposure on Outcomes of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Occupational exposures have been regarded as a risk factor for the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, there is little knowledge regarding the effect of occupational exposure on the treatment outcomes of COPD. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the question of whether occupational exposure can have a potential impact on COPD outcomes.

Phenotyping COPD Patients with Emphysema Distribution Using Quantitative CT Measurement; More Severe Airway Involvement in Lower Dominant Emphysema.

Purpose: We explored the differences in clinical manifestations of COPD patients regarding emphysema distribution along with evidence of airway involvement in chest computed tomography (CT) scans.

Patients And Methods: The patients were divided into three groups according to the emphysema distribution: the upper dominant (UD), lower dominant (LD), and homogeneous (HD) groups. Airway wall thickness was quantitatively measured and the presence of bronchiectasis and/or bronchial wall thickening (BE/BWT) was visually assessed.

Cough Presentation and Cough-Related Healthcare Utilization in Tertiary Care: Analysis of Routinely Collected Academic Institutional Database.

Purpose: Routinely collected data (RCD) from electronic health records (EHR) are useful for studying disease epidemiology in the real world. We examined cough presentation and cough-related healthcare utilization using an academic institutional EHR database in Korea.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, patients with subacute (3-8 weeks) or chronic cough (> 8 weeks in duration) referred to allergy and asthma clinics were studied.

Comparison of Predicted Exercise Capacity Equations in Adult Korean Subjects.

Background: Maximal oxygen uptake (VO₂ max) is a useful index to assess exercise capacity. However, there is no reference value for Koreans. This study aimed to compare actual VO₂ max and predicted VO₂ max using exercise capacity equations in Korean subjects.

Path following Control of an Underactuated Catamaran for Recovery Maneuvers.

This paper focuses on the autonomous recovery maneuvers of an unknown underactuated practical catamaran, which returns to its initial position corresponding to the man overboard (MOB) by simply adjusting the rate of turn. This paper investigates the completion of model-based path following control for not only the traditional Williamson turn, but also complex recovery routes under time-varying disturbances. The main difficulty of model-based path following control for predicting the hydrodynamic derivatives of a practical catamaran was solved by the approximated calculation of a diagonal matrix.

Active management strategy for supply chain system using nonlinear control synthesis.

Nonlinear dynamical behaviours with chaotic phenomena are commonly observed in a typical logistics model and supply chain system. Bullwhip effect has been widely recognized as one of the main issues on affecting the supply chain management. In essence, this phenomenon will lead to unnecessary consumption and waste of natural and social resources by demand variability amplification as moving up in the supply chain networks.

Clinical Impact of the Bronchiectasis with Chronic Bronchitis Symptoms in COPD: Analysis of a Longitudinal Cohort.

Purpose: Bronchiectasis (BE) is a poor prognostic factor in COPD. However, it is not clear whether the poor prognosis is a result of BE alone or accompanying chronic bronchitis symptoms. Therefore, we investigated the effect of chronic bronchitis symptoms on clinical outcomes in COPD patients with BE.

Deep radiomics-based survival prediction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Heterogeneous clinical manifestations and progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affect patient health risk assessment, stratification, and management. Pulmonary function tests are used to diagnose and classify the severity of COPD, but they cannot fully represent the type or range of pathophysiologic abnormalities of the disease. To evaluate whether deep radiomics from chest computed tomography (CT) images can predict mortality in patients with COPD, we designed a convolutional neural network (CNN) model for extracting representative features from CT images and then performed random survival forest to predict survival in COPD patients.

Predicting long-term mortality with two different criteria of exercise-induced desaturation in COPD.

Background: There are few reports on exercise-induced desaturation (EID) as a predictor of mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the definitions of EID vary in published reports. The main purpose was to evaluate the association between EID and long-term mortality by applying two criteria of EID.

Radiomics approach for survival prediction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Objectives: To apply radiomics analysis for overall survival prediction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and evaluate the performance of the radiomics signature (RS).

Methods: This study included 344 patients from the Korean Obstructive Lung Disease (KOLD) cohort. External validation was performed on a cohort of 112 patients.

Clinical impact of long-term change in air trapping on pulmonary function and computed tomography parameters in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background/aims: Air trapping is associated with unfavorable outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The present study evaluated the association between longitudinal changes in air trapping with pulmonary function, computed tomography (CT) parameters and exacerbation.

Methods: Patients enrolled in the Korean Obstructive Lung Disease (KOLD) study cohort from June 2005 to October 2015 were included.

Efficacy of Unsupervised Home-Based Pulmonary Rehabilitation for Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Purpose: Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a well-established treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The standard protocol for PR requires frequent hospital visits, which can be difficult for patients. We performed this study to assess whether unsupervised home-based PR (HBPR) is effective for patients with COPD.

The Clinical Course of Asthma After Withdrawal of Inhaled Corticosteroids.

Background: Maintenance of inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) is recommended in adults with asthma. However, adherence rates in patients with mild asthma and side effects of long-term ICS use can lead to withdrawal.

Objective: To analyze the real-world outcomes of ICS withdrawal by analyzing data from the Korean National Health Insurance database.

Survey of the management of patients with bronchiectasis: a pilot investigation in Asian populations.

Background/aims: Although international guidelines for bronchiectasis management have been published in Western countries, there is a lack of data about their application in Asian populations including patients with different phenotypes. We aimed to investigate the current status of bronchiectasis management in Asian populations.

Methods: A nationwide questionnaire survey was performed of Asian respiratory specialists from South Korea, Japan, Taiwan, Singapore, Vietnam, and Sri Lanka.