Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms in Korean patients with ovarian or primary peritoneal cancer treated with poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors.

Background: Prior prospective studies have demonstrated the efficacy of poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPis) in various cancers with mutations in the breast cancer gene (), such as ovarian and breast cancers. However, PARPi have also been associated with an increased incidence of therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MNs). This study aimed to investigate the incidence of t-MNs following PARPi therapy in patients with ovarian or primary peritoneal cancer in Korea and to identify related risk factors.

Olaparib as Treatment Versus Nonplatinum Chemotherapy in Patients With Platinum-Sensitive Relapsed Ovarian Cancer: Phase III SOLO3 Study Final Overall Survival Results.

Olaparib treatment significantly improved objective response rate (primary end point) and progression-free survival versus nonplatinum chemotherapy in patients with BRCA-mutated platinum-sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer in the open-label phase III SOLO3 trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02282020). We report final overall survival (OS; prespecified secondary end point), post hoc OS analysis by number of previous chemotherapy lines, and exploratory BRCA reversion mutation analysis.

From the Beginning of the Korean Gynecologic Oncology Group to the Present and Next Steps.

The Korean Gynecologic Oncology Group (KGOG) was established in 2002 and is the only organization in Korea conducting multi-center clinical trials for gynecologic cancers. Since its re-establishment as a non-profit organization in 2021, KGOG has grown significantly, now including 207 gynecologic oncology specialists from 76 hospitals. This growth is a testament to the dedication and hard work of all those involved in the organization.

An extremely rare elderly case of proximal epithelioid sarcoma of the vulva: case report with a review of literatures.

We experienced an extremely rare case of proximal epithelioid sarcoma (PES) of the vulva in a 77-year-old woman. After history taking and physical examination, the patient was tentatively diagnosed as having Bartholin's cyst in the right labium. Based on histopathological and immunohistochemical (IHC) findings, however, a final diagnosis of PES of the vulva was made.

Olaparib Versus Nonplatinum Chemotherapy in Patients With Platinum-Sensitive Relapsed Ovarian Cancer and a Germline BRCA1/2 Mutation (SOLO3): A Randomized Phase III Trial.

Purpose: A phase II study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00628251) showed activity of olaparib capsules versus pegylated liposomal doxorubicin in patients with germline BRCA-mutated platinum-resistant or partially platinum-sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer. We conducted a phase III trial (SOLO3) of olaparib tablets versus nonplatinum chemotherapy in patients with germline BRCA-mutated platinum-sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer who had received at least 2 prior lines of platinum-based chemotherapy.

Prognostic significance of pretreatment lymphocyte percentage and age at diagnosis in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer treated with definite radiotherapy.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic impact of age at diagnosis, and pretreatment hematologic markers, including lymphocyte percentage and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) treated with definitive radiotherapy (RT).

Methods: A total of 392 patients with LACC (stage IIb to IVa) treated with cisplatin-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy or RT alone between 2001 and 2012 were retrospectively enrolled. Clinical data and pretreatment complete blood counts were extracted from electronic medical records of the patients, and analyzed.

Prognostic Importance of the Site of Recurrence in Patients With Metastatic Recurrent Cervical Cancer.

Purpose: The clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with metastatic recurrent cervical cancer remain poorly understood. The goals of the present study were to investigate the survival outcomes according to the recurrence site in a large cohort of cervical cancer patients.

Methods And Materials: Of 1322 patients with primary cervical cancer from 2000 to 2013, 205 with recurrence after primary or adjuvant postoperative radiation were enrolled retrospectively.

Preoperative assessment of lymph node metastasis in endometrial cancer: A Korean Gynecologic Oncology Group study.

Background: Previously proposed criteria for preoperatively identifying endometrial cancer patients at low risk for lymph node metastasis remain to be verified. For this purpose, a prospective, multicenter observational study was performed.

Methods: Eligible patients with histologically confirmed endometrial cancer underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and serum cancer antigen 125 (CA 125) testing before surgery.

Cervix Cancer Research Network (CCRN): Improving Access to Cervix Cancer Trials on a Global Scale.

Eighty-seven percent of cervix cancer occurs in less-developed regions of the world, and there is up to an 18-fold difference in mortality rate for cervix cancer depending on the region of the world. The Cervix Cancer Research Network (CCRN) was founded through the Gynecologic Cancer InterGroup with the aim of improving access to clinical trials in cervix cancer worldwide, and in so doing improving standards of care. The CCRN recently held its first international educational symposium in Bangkok.

Survival impact based on the thoroughness of pelvic lymphadenectomy in intermediate- or high-risk groups of endometrioid-type endometrial cancer: A multi-center retrospective cohort analysis.

Objective: To investigate whether the number of lymph nodes obtained during lymphadenectomy affects the survival of patients with intermediate- or high-risk endometrioid-type endometrial cancer.

Methods: A total of 476 patients who were diagnosed with FIGO stage IB to IIIC2 endometrioid adenocarcinoma through surgical staging, including hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy with or without paraaortic lymphadenectomy between 2000 and 2013 were retrospectively enrolled from four tertiary centers in Korea. Sentinel lymph node mapping was not performed in any patient.

Tolerogenic dendritic cells show gene expression profiles that are different from those of immunogenic dendritic cells in DBA/1 mice.

Tolerogenic dendritic cells (tDCs) play an important role in inducing peripheral tolerance; however, few tDC-specific markers have been identified. The aims of this study were to examine whether tDCs show a different gene expression profile from that of immunogenic DCs and identify specific gene markers of each cell type, in DBA/1 mice. tDCs were generated by treating immature DCs (imDCs) with TNF-α and type II collagen.

Advances and Concepts in Cervical Cancer Trials: A Road Map for the Future.

Objective: Cervical cancer is responsible for more than a quarter of a million deaths globally each year, mostly in developing countries, making therapeutic advances in all health care settings a top priority. The Gynecologic Cancer InterGroup (GCIG) is a worldwide collaboration of leading national research groups that develops and promotes multinational trials in gynecologic cancer. In recognition of the pressing need for action, the GCIG convened an international meeting with expert representation from the GCIG groups and selected large sites in low- and middle-income countries.

Analysis of immune cell populations and cytokine profiles in murine splenocytes exposed to whole-body low-dose irradiation.

Purpose: In contrast to high-dose therapeutic irradiation, definitive research detailing the physiological effects of low-dose irradiation is limited. Notably, the immunological response elicited after low-dose irradiation remains controversial.

Materials And Methods: Female C57BL/6 mice were whole- body-irradiated with a single or three daily fractions up to a total dose of 0.

Asian Society of Gynecologic Oncology International Workshop 2014.

The Asian Society of Gynecologic Oncology International Workshop 2014 on gynecologic oncology was held in Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea on the 23rd to 24th August 2014. A total of 179 participants from 17 countries participated in the workshop, and the up-to-date findings on the management of gynecologic cancers were presented and discussed. This meeting focused on the new trends in the management of cervical cancer, fertility-sparing management of gynecologic cancers, surgical management of gynecologic cancers, and recent advances in translational research on gynecologic cancers.

Use of complex surgical procedures, patterns of tumor spread, and CA-125 predicts a risk of incomplete cytoreduction: a Korean Gynecologic Oncology Group study (KGOG-3022).

Objectives: We aimed to develop a risk model to predict a risk of suboptimal cytoreduction in primary surgery of ovarian cancer.

Methods: The clinical records and computed tomography (CT) data of 358 patients with stages II-IV epithelial ovarian cancer were reviewed. Tumor spread patterns identified by principal component analysis, CA-125, and a newly developed surgical skill index were integrated into a logistic model along with other variables.

Efficacy of fibrin sealant in reducing hemorrhage after a loop electrosurgical excision procedure.

Background/aims: We examined the association of fibrin sealant use with post-operative hemorrhage in patients who underwent a loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP).

Methods: We retrospectively collected clinicopathologic data of 344 patients who underwent LEEP at our institute between 2007 and 2009. We defined hemorrhage which occurred between 1 and 30 days after LEEP and required electrocautery to achieve hemostasis as severe secondary hemorrhage (SSH).

Risk assessment tool for distant recurrence after platinum-based concurrent chemoradiation in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer: a Korean gynecologic oncology group study.

Purpose: Our study aimed to develop a model to predict distant recurrence in locally advanced cervical cancer, which can be used to select high-risk patients in enriched clinical trials.

Patients And Methods: Our study was a retrospective analysis of a multi-institutional cohort of patients treated between 2001 and 2009. According to the order of data submission, data from three institutions were allocated to a model development cohort (n = 434), and data from the remaining two institutions were allocated to an external validation cohort (n = 115).

Characteristics of thyroid incidentalomas detected by pre-treatment [F]FDG PET or PET/CT in patients with cervical cancer.

Objective: Considering the increased use of [(18)F]FDG PET or PET/CT, the clinical significance of thyroid incidentalomas is the subject of controversy. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of malignancies associated with thyroid incidentalomas detected by pre-treatment PET or PET/CT in patients with cervical cancer.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with cervical cancer who had thyroid incidentalomas detected by pre-treatment PET or PET/CT and were treated at our institute between January 2001 and December 2009.

Clinicopathologic factors for central recurrence in patients with locally advanced bulky cervical cancer.

Objective: Locally advanced bulky cervical cancer (LABCC) is characterized by poor local control. The objective of this study was to identify the clinicopathologic variables associated with one-year central-only recurrence, which will serve as criteria for adjuvant hysterectomy after radiation (AHR) in patients with LABCC.

Study Design: Between January 2000 and August 2007, we retrospectively evaluated outcomes in 225 patients with LABCC who were initially treated with radiation or chemoradiation.

Risk of metastatic ovarian involvement in nongynecologic malignancies.

Objective: The objectives were to evaluate the risk of malignant adnexal tumors in women with nongynecologic malignancies and to identify variables associated with the risk of malignant adnexal tumors.

Methods: The eligibility criteria included the diagnosis of a nongynecologic malignancy and adnexal tumors, which were resected or subjected to biopsy at our institute between 1999 and 2010. The risk of malignant adnexal tumors was assessed by dividing the number of patients with metastatic tumors to the adnexa or primary adnexal cancers by the total number of patients.

Randomized clinical trial of weekly vs. triweekly cisplatin-based chemotherapy concurrent with radiotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer.

Purpose: To compare compliance, toxicity, and outcome of weekly and triweekly cisplatin administration concurrent with radiotherapy in locally advanced cervical cancer.

Methods And Materials: In this open-label, randomized trial, 104 patients with histologically proven Stage IIB-IVA cervical cancer were randomly assigned by a computer-generated procedure to weekly (weekly cisplatin 40 mg/m(2), six cycles) and triweekly (cisplatin 75 mg/m(2) every 3 weeks, three cycles) chemotherapy arms during concurrent radiotherapy. The difference of compliance and the toxicity profiles between the two arms were investigated, and the overall survival rate was analyzed after 5 years.

Guideline adherence to chemotherapy administration safety standards: a survey on nurses in a single institute.

Objective: Little is known about the guideline adherence of nurses to chemotherapy administration guidelines. We determined the guideline adherence of nurses to the Chemotherapy Administration Safety Standards and the relationship between demographic characteristics and guideline adherence.

Methods: Survey sheets containing two questions on demographic characteristics and 16 questions on the guideline adherence of nurses regarding chemotherapy administration were distributed to all in-patient departments in our hospital in which chemotherapy was performed.