Impact of Histological Subtype on Survival in Canine Mammary Carcinomas: a Retrospective Analysis of 155 Cases.

Canine mammary carcinoma (CMC) is the most common type of neoplasm in intact female dogs. While a previous study in Western countries validated the 2011 classification as an independent prognostic indicator in CMC, its role in CMC prognostication in Asian countries such as Korea remains unclear. In the present study, we estimate the survival rates in CMC types defined by the 2011 classification, elucidate the prognostic significance of the histological subtype and grade and that of the lymphatic invasion status in CMC, and validate the 2011 classification as an independent prognostic indicator in a large cohort of CMCs (excluding cases of multicentric CMCs).

Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of a Series of Dimeric Indium Quinolinates.

A novel class of quinolinol-based dimeric indium complexes (-) was synthesized and characterized using H and C(H) NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Compounds - exhibited typical low-energy absorption bands assignable to quinolinol-centered π-π* charge transfer (CT) transition. The emission spectra of - exhibited slight bathochromic shifts with increasing solvent polarity (-xylene < tetrahydrofuran (THF) < dichloromethane (DCM)).

Carbazole-Appended Salen-Indium Conjugate Systems: Synthesis and Enhanced Luminescence Efficiency.

Novel carbazole-conjugated salen-In complexes ( and ) were prepared and fully characterized by H and C NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and high-resolution mass spectrometry. The major low-energy absorption bands at λ = 342 nm for and 391 nm for , respectively, are assigned to typical intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) transitions between the carbazole unit and the salen-In center. The solvatochromism effects in various organic solvents and their large Stokes shift distinctly supported the ICT nature.

A Series of Quinolinol-Based Indium Luminophores: A Rational Design Approach for Manipulating Photophysical Properties.

An approach to the design of a series of quinolinol-based indium complexes that can exhibit different optical properties is proposed. Mono-incorporated (Inq and InMeq), bis-incorporated (InMeq), and tris-incorporated (Inq and InMeq) indium quinolinate complexes have been prepared. These complexes have also been characterized by X-ray crystallography.

Systematic Control of the Overlapping Energy Region for an Efficient Intramolecular Energy Transfer: Functionalized Salen-Al/Triphenylamine Guest-Host Assemblies.

A series of triphenylamine (TPA)-containing salen-Al assembly dyads, [salen(3- tBu-5-R)Al(OCH- p-N(CH))] [salen = N, N'-bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine; R = H (D1), tBu (D2), Ph (D3), OMe (D4), and NMe (D5)], were prepared in good yield (50-80%) and fully characterized by NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Both the UV/vis absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectra of D1-D4, except for D5, in a tetrahydrofuran solution exhibited dual patterns, which are assignable to the salen-Al-centered π-π* transition (low-energy region) and the TPA-centered π-π* transition (high-energy region). In particular, the emission spectra of the dyads displayed interesting dual-emissive patterns via a significant intramolecular energy transfer (IET) process between the salen-Al moiety and TPA group.

A salen-Al/carbazole dyad-based guest-host assembly: enhancement of luminescence efficiency via intramolecular energy transfer.

A novel class of salen-Al/carbazole dyads (D1 and D2) was synthesized and fully identified. The emission spectra of the dyads presented intriguing dual-emission patterns via an intramolecular energy transfer (IET) state in solution. Furthermore, the IET feature of the dyads was clearly observed in the rigid state.

Salen-indium/triarylborane triads: synthesis and ratiometric emission-colour changes by fluoride ion binding.

Salen-based indium triads, [{(3-tBu)2-(5-Mes2B)2-salen}In-Me] (1) and [{(3-tBu)2-(5-Mes2Bphenyl)2-salen}In-Me] (2), bearing triarylborane (TAB) units were prepared and fully characterised by NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The major absorption bands of 1 and 2 appeared in the region centred at 347 nm and 374 nm, respectively, and the intense emission spectra were observed in the sky blue (λem = 491 nm for 1) and bluish-green (λem = 498 nm for 2) regions, respectively. The solvatochromism effects in various organic solvents and computational calculation results strongly suggested that these absorption and emission features are mainly attributed to intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) transitions between the salen ligand moieties and the TAB units.

Synthesis and Dual-Emission Feature of Salen-Al/Triarylborane Dyads.

Novel salen-Al/triarylborane dyad complexes were prepared and characterized with their corresponding mononuclear compounds. The UV-vis and photoluminescence experiments for dyads exhibited photoinduced energy transfer from borane to the salen-Al moiety in an intramolecular manner. Theoretical calculation and fluoride titration results further supported these intramolecular energy-transfer features.

Intriguing Indium-salen Complexes as Multicolor Luminophores.

The series of novel salen-based indium complexes (3-Bu-5-R-salen)In-Me (3-Bu-5-R-salen = N,N'-bis(2-oxy-3-tert-butyl-5-R-salicylidene)-1,2-diaminoethane, R = H (1), Bu (2), Br (3), Ph (4), OMe (5), NMe (6)) and [(3-Bu-5-NMe-salen)In-Me](OTf) (7; OTf = CFSO) have been synthesized and fully characterized by NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. All indium complexes 1-7 are highly stable in air and even aqueous solutions. The solid-state structures for 3-5, which were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray analysis, exhibit square-pyramidal geometries around the indium center.

Experimental evidence of hepatitis A virus infection in pigs.

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is the leading cause of acute viral hepatitis worldwide, with HAV infection being restricted to humans and nonhuman primates. In this study, HAV infection status was serologically determined in domestic pigs and experimental infections of HAV were attempted to verify HAV infectivity in pigs. Antibodies specific to HAV or HAV-like agents were detected in 3.