Growth, Nutrient Deposition, Plasma Metabolites, and Innate Immunity Are Associated with Feeding Rate in Juvenile Starry Flounder ().

A 10-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of different feeding rates on growth performance, nutrient deposition, plasma metabolite, and immunity of juvenile starry flounder. Fish (initial mean body weight, 183.6 ± 2.

Evaluation of Gamma Aminobutyric Acid and Sodium Butyrate in Juvenile Red Seabream () Diets Containing Graded Levels of Fish Meal and Soy Protein Concentrate.

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the supplementary effects of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) and sodium butyrate (SB) when a graded level of fish meal (FM) was replaced with soy protein concentrate (SPC) in diets for juvenile red seabream (). A control diet was designed to contain 60% FM (F60). Two other diets were formulated by reducing FM levels to 40% and 20% with SPC (F40 and F20).

Effects of host-associated low-temperature probiotics in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) aquaculture.

This study investigated the effects of supplementation of low-temperature probiotics isolated from the intestines of olive flounder on the growth performance, digestibility, and regulation of intestinal microbiota and the expression of genes related to growth, immunity, and apoptosis in olive flounder. Bacteria showing high growth at approximately 15-20 °C, which is the temperature of olive flounder culture, were isolated and confirmed to be Pseudomonas species through 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Whole-genome sequencing revealed that the strain has a 6,195,122 bp single circular chromosome and a guanine-cytosine content of 59.

Dietary Exogenous α-Amylase Modulates the Nutrient Digestibility, Digestive Enzyme Activity, Growth-Related Gene Expression, and Diet Degradation Rate of Olive Flounder ().

In this study, a 12-week feeding experiment was conducted to characterize the effects of exogenous α-amylase on the growth, feed utilization, digestibility, plasma α-amylase activity, feed degradation rate, and fecal particle size of olive flounder (). Diet was supplemented with 0 (AA; control), 100 (AA), 200 (AA), or 400 (AA) mg/kg of α-amylase, respectively. Fish (273.

Morphology, Histology, and Histochemistry of the Digestive Tract of the Marbled Flounder .

This study investigated the morphological, histological, and histochemical characteristics of the digestive tract of the marbled flounder (). The relative length of the gut of the marbled flounder digestive tract was 1.54 ± 0.

Assessment of Safety, Effects, and Muscle-Specific Accumulation of Dietary Butylated Hydroxytoluene (BHT) in .

Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) is a commonly used antioxidant added to animal/fish feed to limit lipid autoxidation and peroxidation. Although there have been reviews and reports of BHT toxicity in animals, limited information is available with respect to the toxic effects and accumulation of BHT due to oral exposure in aquaculture species. Therefore, 120 days of feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary BHT on the marine fish olive flounder .

Characteristics and biological control functions of sp. PM8313 as a host-associated probiotic in red sea bream () aquaculture.

Host-associated probiotics (HAPs) are bacteria originally isolated from rearing water or the host's gastrointestinal tract in order to enhance the host's growth and health. This study investigated the HAP potential of sp. PM8313, isolated from wild red sea bream (), through characterization and feeding trials.

Comparison of growth performance, non-specific immunity, and intestinal microbiota of olive flounder () fed with extruded pellet and moist pellet diets under field conditions in South Korea.

A 6-month feeding trial was conducted to compare the effects of extruded pellet (EP) and moist pellet (MP) feed on the growth performance, non-specific immunity, and intestinal microbiota of olive flounder. A total of 60,000 fish with an average weight of 70.8 ± 6.

Effects of Decreasing Fishmeal as Main Source of Protein on Growth, Digestive Physiology, and Gut Microbiota of Olive Flounder ().

In olive flounder (), growth performance, expression of growth-related factors, digestive physiology, and gut microbiota were assessed under farm conditions in the fish fed diets with low levels of fishmeal. Four experimental diets were prepared, FM70 [control (CON), 70% fishmeal], FM45 (45% fishmeal), FM35A (35% fishmeal), and FM35B (35% fishmeal + insect meal), and fed to the fish for five months. The CON-fed fish had the highest plasma GH, but IGF-1 and hepatic IGF-1 mRNA expression of the olive flounder fed diets with low-fishmeal levels did not significantly differ among diets.

Dietary Supplementation of sp. PM8313 with β-glucan Modulates the Intestinal Microbiota of Red Sea Bream () to Increase Growth, Immunity, and Disease Resistance.

A 56-day feeding trial was conducted to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with sp. isolated from the intestines of red sea bream on the growth performance, immunity, and gut microbiome composition of red sea bream. Three diets (a control diet and two treatments) were formulated without sp.

Effect of Fishmeal Content in the Diet on the Growth and Sexual Maturation of Olive Flounder () at a Typical Fish Farm.

Olive flounder () is a commercially important and valuable species for aquaculture in Korea. Due to the unstable supply of fishmeal for farmed fish, an optimum fish-feed formulation should be researched to ensure the sustainability of aquaculture. This study investigated the effect of three experimental diets: Con (basal diet); FM (20% fishmeal replacement of CON); and FM (30% fishmeal replacement of CON) on over 20 weeks at a typical farm by monitoring the growth and factors relating to sexual maturation.

A preliminary study of dietary protein requirement of juvenile marbled flounder ().

An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to determine the optimal dietary protein level for juvenile marbled flounder. Five semi-purified test diets were formulated to contain different protein levels (CP) including 42.7%, 47.

Dietary Supplementation of Bacillus sp. SJ-10 and Lactobacillus plantarum KCCM 11322 Combinations Enhance Growth and Cellular and Humoral Immunity in Olive Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus).

Experiments were conducted to identify different ratios of Bacillus sp. SJ-10 and Lactobacillus plantarum KCCM 11322 mixtures at a concentration of 1 × 10 CFU/g diet; the effects on growth and cellular and humoral immune responses and the characteristics of disease protection in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Flounder were divided into six groups and fed control diet D-1 (without Bacillus sp.

Effects of dietary non-viable Bacillus sp. SJ-10, Lactobacillus plantarum, and their combination on growth, humoral and cellular immunity, and streptococcosis resistance in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus).

Heat-killed (HK) Bacillus sp. SJ-10 (B), HK Lactobacillus plantarum (P), and their combination were dietary supplemented to olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) to quantify the effects on growth, innate immunity, and disease resistance. Four test diets were supplied: a control feed free of HK probiotics, 1 × 10 CFUs g single treatments of each of HK B (HKB) and HK P (HKP), and an equal proportion of (0.

Dietary effect of low fish meal aquafeed on gut microbiota in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) at different growth stages.

This study was conducted to investigate the long-term effect of a low fish meal (FM) diet comprising plant-based protein sources (PPS) on changes of gut microbial diversity in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) over the course of life. Two experimental diets were prepared to contain 74% FM (control) or 52% FM with 22% PPS (30% FM replacement, FM30). Fish were fed one of the two experimental diets for 8 months, and we collected the midgut contents to analyze the gut bacterial community by Illumina MiSeq based on the metagenomic sequences in the V3-V4 regions of 16S rRNA.

Heat-killed Bacillus sp. SJ-10 probiotic acts as a growth and humoral innate immunity response enhancer in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus).

Investigations were carried out to evaluate and quantify the effects of dietary supplementation with heat-killed (HK) Bacillus sp. SJ-10 (BSJ-10) probiotic (1 × 10 CFU g) on the growth and immunity of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Flounder (averagely 9.

Synergistic effects of dietary Bacillus sp. SJ-10 plus β-glucooligosaccharides as a synbiotic on growth performance, innate immunity and streptococcosis resistance in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus).

Bacillus sp. SJ-10 (BSJ-10) was identified from traditional Korean fermented fish, the previously recognized prebiotic β-glucooligosaccharides (BGO), and their combination as a synbiotic were prepared to evaluate their individual and synergistic effects in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Four diets (one control and three treatments) were formulated containing neither BSJ-10 nor BGO (control), 1 × 10 CFU g BSJ-10 (BSJ-10), 0.

Effects of subsp. I2 with β-Glucooligosaccharides on Growth, Innate Immunity and Streptococcosis Resistance in Olive Flounder ().

To identify and quantify the effects of a combination of dietary 1 × 10 CFU/g subsp. I2 (LI) and 0.1% β-glucooligosaccharides (BGO) on the growth and immunity of olive flounder (), a feeding experiment was conducted.

Digestive Physiological Characteristics of the Gobiidae: - Characteristics of CCK-producing Cells and Mucus-secreting Goblet Cells of Stomach Fish and Stomachless Fish.

In this study, we investigated the characteristics of CCK-producing cells and mucus-secreting goblet cells with respect to stomach fish and stomachless fish of the Gobiidae in order to provide a basis for understanding the digestive physiology. Hairychin goby (), which is stomachless fish, the numbers of mucus-secreting goblet cells is highest in the posterior intestine portion (<0.05), while CCK-producing cells are scattered throughout the intestine.

Management of Sexual Maturation and Natural Spawning of Captive- Reared Yellowtail Kingfish, Seriola lalandi, in an Indoor Rearing Tank.

This study describes results on sexual maturation and characteristics of natural spawned eggs to develop a method for the production of stable, healthy fertilized eggs from captive-reared yellowtail kingfish, Seriola lalandi. A total of 59 yellowtail kingfish were captured off the coast of Jeju Island, after which the broodstock was cultured in indoor culture tank (100 m(3)) until they were 6.1-14.

Morphological Development of Embryo, Larvae and Juvenile in Yellowtail Kingfish, Seriola lalandi.

This study monitored the morphological development of embryo, larvae and juvenile yellowtail kingfish, Seriola lalandi, for their aquaculture. The fertilized eggs obtained by natural spawning were spherical shape and buoyant. Fertilized eggs were transparent and had one oil globule in the yolk, with an egg diameter of 1.

Relevance of Light Spectra to Growth of the Rearing Tiger Puffer Takifugu rubripes.

In fish, light (photoperiod, intensity and spectra) is main regulator in many physiological actions includinggrowth. We investigate the effect of light spectra on the somatic growth and growth-related gene expression in the rearing tiger puffer. Fish was reared under different light spectra (blue, green and red) for 8 weeks.