Correction: Liu et al. Behaviour Is Influenced by Volatiles from Both Plants and Nymphs. 2019, , 141.

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Distribution and dynamic changes of Huanglongbing pathogen in its insect vector .

The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) Kuwayama is the leading vector of Liberibacter asiaticus (Las), the causative agent of citrus Huanglongbing (HLB) disease. The distribution and dynamics of Las within ACP are critical to understanding how the transmission, spread and infection of Las occurs within its host vector in nature. In this study, the distribution and titer changes of Las in various tissues of ACP 5 instar nymphs and adults were examined by (FISH) and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) techniques.

Electrophysiological and behavioral responses of Tamarixia radiata (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) to volatiles of nymphal Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae).

Huanglongbing (HLB), a devastating citrus disease caused by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, is efficiently vectored by the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae). Tamarixia radiata (Waterston) plays a crucial role as an ectoparasitoid, preying on D. citri nymphs.

Transcriptomic response of citrus psyllid salivary glands to the infection of citrus Huanglongbing pathogen.

The Asian citrus psyllid, Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), is the key vector insect transmitting the Liberibacter asiaticus (Las) bacterium that causes the devastating citrus greening disease (Huanglongbing, HLB) worldwide. The salivary glands (SG) exhibit an important barrier against the transmission of HLB pathogen. However, knowledge on the molecular mechanism of SG defence against Las infection is still limited.

RNA interference against the putative insulin receptor substrate gene IRS1 affects growth and development in the pest natural enemy Pardosa pseudoannulata.

Background: Insulin signalling pathways play crucial roles in regulating growth and development in insects, but their effects on the growth and development of Arachnids, such as spiders, have rarely been studied. As a valuable pest natural enemy in agricultural fields, the molecular mechanisms of insulin signalling pathway-mediated growth and development of the wolf spider, Pardosa pseudoannulata, are of particular interest.

Results: In this study, we identified and characterized six insulin signalling pathway genes - InR, InR2, IRS1, PI3K1, PI3K2, and PDK - in Pardosa pseudoannulata.

Influence of Osteocyte Lacunar-Canalicular Morphology and Network Architecture on Osteocyte Mechanosensitivity.

Purpose Of Review: The goal of this review is to summarize recent findings related to modifications in osteocyte lacunar and canalicular morphology due to physiological and pathological conditions. In addition, this review aims to outline how these modifications may influence the local mechanical environment of osteocytes and their mechanosensitivity.

Recent Findings: Reduction in lacunar density with age and increasing lacunar size with lactation are confirmed in multiple studies in human and murine bone.

Evaluating the Role of Canalicular Morphology and Perilacunar Region Properties on Local Mechanical Environment of Lacunar-Canalicular Network Using Finite Element Modeling.

Physiological and pathological processes such as aging, diseases, treatments, and lactation can alter lacunar-canalicular network (LCN) morphology and perilacunar region properties. These modifications can impact the mechanical environment of osteocytes which in turn can influence osteocyte mechanosensitivity and the remodeling process. In this study, we aim to evaluate how the modifications in the canalicular morphology, lacunar density, and the perilacunar region properties influence the local mechanical environment of LCN and the apparent bone properties using three-dimensional finite element (FE) modeling.

Silencing of V-ATPase-E gene causes midgut apoptosis of Diaphorina citri and affects its acquisition of Huanglongbing pathogen.

The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, is among the most important pests of citrus. It is the main vector of the Huanglongbing (HLB) pathogen Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), which causes severe losses in citrus crops. Control of D.

Transcriptome analysis of (Bagnall) identifies olfactory genes with ligands binding characteristics of MusiOBP1 and MusiCSP1.

The olfactory system is an important component of insect behavior and is vital for survival and reproduction. However, the genomic characterization and molecular basis of the olfactory response of remain relatively unknown. RNA sequencing-built developmental transcriptomes of nymphs, pupae, and adult were examined in order to establish the sequence-based background of olfactory responses.

Quantifying how altered lacunar morphology and perilacunar tissue properties influence local mechanical environment of osteocyte lacunae using finite element modeling.

Previous studies have demonstrated that osteocyte lacunar morphology and perilacunar bone tissue properties undergo alterations due to physiological and pathological processes such as aging, lactation, diseases, and treatments. However, the influence of these alterations on the apparent mechanical properties of the bone and the local mechanical environment of osteocyte lacunae has not been evaluated in detail. The goal of this study is to quantify the influence of osteocyte lacunar morphology and perilacunar tissue properties on local mechanical environment around lacunae and the apparent mechanical properties of the bone using three-dimensional FE models of lacunae networks with varying lacunar morphology and perilacunar properties based on previously reported experimental data.

Physiological and Molecular Response Modifications by Ultraviolet-C Radiation in and Its Compatibility with .

Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) radiation significantly impacts living organisms. UV-C radiation can also be used as a pest management tool. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the effect of UV-C radiation on the physiology and gene expression level of , a destructive vegetable pest.

Comparative proteomic analysis reveals insights into the response of Cryptolaemus montrouzieri to bottom-up transfer of cadmium and lead across a multi-trophic food chain.

Contamination of agro-ecosystems with heavy metals can affect the development and reproduction of insect natural enemies. This study reports a detailed Tandem Mass Tag based quantitative proteomic analysis of underlying mechanisms responsible for stress response of Cryptolaemus montrouzieri against heavy metals (cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb)) transported across a multi-trophic food chain. A total of 6639 proteins were detected under Cd as well as Pb stress.

A sensitive electrochemical platform integrated with a 3D graphene aerogel for point-of-care testing for tumor markers.

Point-of-care testing (POCT) of tumor markers, such as alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), can be used for the early diagnosis of cancer. In this paper, a highly sensitive electrochemical immuno-biochip based on a porous three-dimensional graphene aerogel (3D-GA) is presented to detect multiple tumor biomarkers and exosomes. The 3D-GA was prepared chemical reduction of graphene oxide with L-ascorbic acid and then dehydration by freeze-drying.

Insulin peptides and their receptors regulate ovarian development and oviposition behavior in Diaphorina citri.

Diaphorina citri is an important vector of Citrus Huanglongbing (HLB) disease. After feeding on young host plant shoots, the population of D. citri can increase significantly.

First complete mitochondrial genome from the genus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) and its phylogenetic implications.

The complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of was determined, which represents the first sequenced mitogenome from . This mitogenome is 15,959 bp in size and comprises 36 typical coding genes and a control region, the was not detected in this mitogenome, as observed in other species of Curculionidae. The monophyly of the family Scolytinae and the sister relationship between and is supported by maximum likelihood analysis derived from the protein-coding gene sequences.

Impact of Huanglongbing Pathogen Infection on the Amino Acid Composition in Both Citrus Plants and the Asian Citrus Psyllid.

The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) is the main vector of the pathogen Liberibacter asiaticus (Las), which is the causal agent of citrus Huanglongbing disease. Feeding by both ACP nymphs and adults on host plants allows them to obtain nutrition. Therefore, the nutritional content within the plant phloem is of much importance for the development and reproduction of ACP.

Parasitoid vectors a plant pathogen, potentially diminishing the benefits it confers as a biological control agent.

Huanglongbing (HLB) is a destructive disease of citrus primarily transmitted by the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP). Biocontrol of ACP is an environmentally sustainable alternative to chemicals. However, the risk of parasitoid rational application in ACP biocontrol has never been evaluated.

Structural role of osteocyte lacunae on mechanical properties of bone matrix: A cohesive finite element study.

Despite the extensive studies on biological function of osteocytes, there are limited studies that evaluated the structural role of osteocyte lacunae on local mechanical properties of the bone matrix. As a result, the goal of this study was to elucidate the independent contribution of osteocyte lacunae structure on mechanical properties and fracture behavior of the bone matrix uncoupled from its biological effects and bone tissue composition variation. This study combined cohesive finite element modeling with experimental data from a lactation rat model to evaluate the influence of osteocyte lacunar area porosity, density, size, axis ratio, and orientation on the elastic modulus, ultimate strength, and ultimate strain of the bone matrix as well as on local crack formation and propagation.

Cytochrome P450s CYP380C6 and CYP380C9 in green peach aphid facilitate its adaptation to indole glucosinolate-mediated plant defense.

Background: Overexpressing CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED1 in Arabidopsis thaliana (CCA1-ox) increases indole glucosinolate production and resistance to green peach aphid (Myzus persicae). Little is known of how aphids respond to this group of plant defense compounds or of the underlying molecular mechanism.

Results: Aphids reared on CCA1-ox for over 40 generations (namely the CCA population) became less susceptible to CCA1-ox than aphids maintained on the wild-type Col-0 (namely the COL population).

Double-stranded RNA targeting vATPase B reveals a potential target for pest management of Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata.

The development of genetic based techniques, specifically RNA interference (RNAi), has emerged as a powerful tool in novel pest management strategies for pestiferous coleoptera. The 28-spotted ladybird beetle, Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata, is a dynamic foliar pest of solenaceous plants, primarily potato plants, and has quickly become one of the most important pests attacking many crops in Asian countries. In this study, we demonstrate the efficacy of dietary RNAi targeting vATPase B, which led to significant gene silencing.

Antagonistic interaction between male-killing and cytoplasmic incompatibility induced by Cardinium and Wolbachia in the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci.

Cardinium and Wolbachia are maternally inherited bacterial symbionts of arthropods that can manipulate host reproduction by increasing the fitness of infected females. Here, we report that Cardinium and Wolbachia coinfection induced male-killing and cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) when they coexisted in a cryptic species of whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Asia II7. Cardinium and Wolbachia symbionts were either singly or simultaneously localized in the bacteriocytes placed in the abdomen of B.

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Abundant Gonad-specific Genes in the Ovary and Testis of .

(Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is a major pest affecting Solanaceae plants in Asian countries. In this study, we sequenced the ovary and testis transcriptomes of to identify gonad-related genes. Comparison of the unigene sequences in ovary and testis libraries identified 1,421 and 5,315 ovary- and testis-specific genes, respectively.