Protective Effects of Red Ginseng Against Tacrine-Induced Hepatotoxicity: An Integrated Approach with Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation.

Introduction: Tacrine, an FDA-approved acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, has shown efficacy in treating Alzheimer's disease, but its clinical use is limited by hepatotoxicity. This study investigates the protective effects of red ginseng against tacrine-induced hepatotoxicity, focusing on oxidative stress.

Methods: A network depicting the interaction between compounds and targets was constructed for RG.

Cystine and Methionine Deficiency Promotes Ferroptosis by Inducing B-Cell Translocation Gene 1.

Ferroptosis is a type of programmed necrosis triggered by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. We investigated the role of B-cell translocation gene 1 (BTG1) in cystine and methionine deficiency (CST/Met (-))-mediated cell death. CST/Met (-) depleted reduced and oxidized glutathione in hepatocyte-derived cells, increased prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 expression, and promoted reactive oxygen species accumulation and lipid peroxidation, as well as necrotic cell death.

Hemistepsin a Induces Apoptosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells by Downregulating STAT3.

(Bunge) Bunge is a biennial medicinal plant possessing beneficial effects including anti-inflammation, and hemistepsin A (HsA) isolated from has been known as a hepatoprotective sesquiterpene lactone. In this report, we explored the cytotoxic effects of on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and investigated the associated bioactive compounds and their relevant mechanisms. From the viability results of HCC cells treated with various extracts, HsA was identified as the major compound contributing to the -mediated cytotoxicity.

Inhibitory Effects of Extract on Oxidation and Inflammatory Responses.

(laver) has long been a popular and traditional seaweed food in Korea, Japan, and China. Historically, it was known as a marine medicinal herb to treat hemorrhoids and cholera morbus in . We investigated the effects of extract (PTE) for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.

Effects of healthcare access and financial status on self-rated health among adults living alone in South Korea.

Assessments of the overall health status of people living alone are important for developing health promotion programs and delivering appropriate health services. In the context of universal social health insurance system of South Korea, the relationship between failure to access health-care and self-rated health among adults living alone has given little attention. In addition, the influence of objective financial status on self-rated health in adults living alone has not explored so far.

Hepatoprotective Effect of Extract Is Mediated via Antagonism of Oxidative Stress.

has been extensively used in traditional Oriental medicine to treat gastric disorders and has anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activities. Therefore, the present study examined a possible hepatoprotective effect of a extract (PZE) and investigated the underlying molecular mechanisms. We employed an model of arachidonic acid (AA) + iron-induced hepatocyte damage and an model of CCl-induced liver injury to assess the effects of PZE and evaluated the relevant molecular targets using biochemical assays, flow cytometry analysis, Western blot, and histopathological analysis.

Lemon balm and dandelion leaf extract synergistically alleviate ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity by enhancing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.

We investigated the effect of a 2:1 (w/w) mixture of lemon balm and dandelion extracts (LD) on ethanol (EtOH)-mediated liver injury and explored the underlying mechanisms. Administration of LD synergistically reduced relative liver weight and decreased the levels of serum biomarkers of hepatic injury. Histopathological and biochemical analyses indicated that LD synergistically attenuated hepatic accumulation of triacylglycerides (TGs) and restored the levels of mRNAs related to fatty acid metabolism.

Luteolin prevents liver from tunicamycin-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress via nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2-dependent sestrin 2 induction.

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress designates a cellular response to the accumulation of misfolded proteins, which is related to disease progression in the liver. Luteolin (3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone) is a phytochemical found frequently in medicinal herbs. Although luteolin has been reported to possess the therapeutic potential to prevent diverse stage of liver diseases, its role in hepatic ER stress has not been established.

Effects of and Coptis Rhizoma 2 : 1 Mixed Formula (PS + CR) on Ovalbumin-Induced Asthma in Mice.

(PS) is traditionally used to treat respiratory and gastrointestinal infections, dysmenorrhea, and hepatic disorders in South Africa. Coptis Rhizoma (CR) is used to treat gastroenteric disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer in East Asia. In the present study, we intended to observe the possible beneficial antiasthma effects of PS and CR on the ovalbumin- (OVA-) induced asthma C57BL/6J mice.

Alpha-1 antitrypsin inhibits formaldehyde-induced apoptosis of human peritoneal mesothelial cells.

Background: The alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) protein has an important role in the anti-inflammatory and apoptotic response. AAT inhibits not only serine proteases but also cysteine and aspartic proteases. Apoptosis results from the sequential activation of cysteine proteases of the caspase family.

Hemistepsin A alleviates liver fibrosis by inducing apoptosis of activated hepatic stellate cells via inhibition of nuclear factor-κB and Akt.

Hemistepsin A (HsA), isolated from Hemistepta lyrata (Bunge) Bunge, has the ability to ameliorate hepatitis in mice. However, the effects of H. lyrata and HsA on other types of liver disease have not been explored.

Thermal Properties of Plasma-Sprayed Multilayer Al₂O₃/Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Coating.

Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) and Al₂O₃ multilayer coatings were fabricated by plasma spraying. Thermal conductivity and thermal shock test were investigated to find out the thermal properties of the coating layer and the surface of the crack. Thermal conductivity was investigated using laser flash method and thermal shock were measured by water quenching method.

The association of health care access and utilization with self-perceived health in South Korea: the significance of age.

Even though South Korea's universal health care system was established in 1989, many South Koreans continue to encounter obstacles in their attempts to access health care. Previous studies have not investigated the relationship between health care access and utilization and perceived health in the context of a universal health care system that implements a mandatory social health insurance policy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of health care access and use of preventive health care services on self-rated health among young and middle-aged adults in Korea.

Use of uniformly sized muscle fiber fragments for restoration of muscle tissue function.

Treatment of extensive muscle loss due to traumatic injury, congenital defects, or tumor ablations is clinically challenging. The current treatment standard is grafting of autologous muscle flaps; however, significant donor site morbidity and graft tissue availability remain a problem. Alternatively, muscle fiber therapy has been attempted to treat muscle injury by transplanting single fibers into the defect site.

Alleviates Oxidative Stress-Mediated Liver Injury through Activation of the CaMKK2-AMPK Signaling Pathway.

(SDT) is used frequently as a herbal prescription to treat deficiency syndromes in traditional Korean medicine. We investigated the hepatoprotective effects of SDT against oxidative stress and attempted to clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms. SDT pretreatment reduced arachidonic acid (AA) plus iron-mediated cytotoxicity in a concentration-dependent manner and prevented changes in apoptosis-related protein expression.

Amelioration of inflammatory responses by Socheongryong-Tang, a traditional herbal medicine, in RAW 264.7 cells and rats.

Socheongryong-Tang (SCRT) is a natural medicine prescription that has been mainly used in East Asia for the treatment of inflammatory disorders, including asthma and allergic rhinitis. The present study evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of SCRT on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and in a rat model of carrageenan (CA)-induced paw edema.

Epimedium koreanum Ameliorates Oxidative Stress-Mediated Liver Injury by Activating Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2.

Oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species is the main cause of various liver diseases. This study investigated the hepatoprotective effect of Epimedium koreanum Nakai water extract (EKE) against arachidonic acid (AA)[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]iron-mediated cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells and carbon tetrachloride (CCl-)-mediated acute liver injury in mice. Pretreatment with EKE (30 and 100[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]g/mL) significantly inhibited AA[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]iron-mediated cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells by preventing changes in the expression of cleaved caspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase.

Combination of Pelargonium sidoides and Coptis chinensis root inhibits nuclear factor kappa B-mediated inflammatory response in vitro and in vivo.

Background: Pelargonium sidoides (PS) and Coptis chinensis root (CR) have traditionally been used to treat various diseases, including respiratory and gastrointestinal infections, dysmenorrhea, and hepatic disorders. The present study was conducted to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of a combination of PS and CR in vitro and in vivo.

Methods: The in vitro effects of PS + CR on the induction of inflammation-related proteins were evaluated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.

Tryptanthrin prevents oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis through AMP-activated protein kinase-dependent p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation.

Tryptanthrin (6,12-dihydro-6,12-dioxoindolo-(2,1-b)-quinazoline) has been reported to have a variety of pharmacological activities. Present study investigated the cytoprotective effects of tryptanthrin on arachidonic acid (AA) + iron-mediated oxidative stress and the molecular mechanisms responsible. In HepG2 cells, pretreatment with tryptanthrin inhibited the cytotoxic effect of AA + iron in a concentration-dependent manner.

Anticancer effects of an extract from the scallop on MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cells.

, is a species of scallop and a marine bivalve mollusk. In traditional East Asian medicine, scallop meat is used as a drug for the treatment of diabetes, pollakisuria, and indigestion. The present study was conducted in order to examine the potential anticancer effects of scallop flesh extract (SE) on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells.

Stability Evaluation of National Reference Standards for Blood Products in Korea.

National reference standards (NRSs) for biologics are established through potency estimation by a multicenter joint study of standard materials used in the approval process for national lot release and quality control of vaccines, blood products, and other biologics. In this study, a stability evaluation was conducted to determine whether the potency of NRSs for six blood products was being maintained at a consistent level in Korea. The present study conducted real-time stability tests via / bioassay on NRSs for blood coagulation factor VIII concentrate (2nd standard), antithrombin concentrate, prekallikrein activator, anti-hepatitis B immunoglobulin, blood coagulation factor IX concentrate, and anti-tetanus human immunoglobulin, as well as a trend analysis using cumulative annual results.

20-Protopanaxadiol, an aglycosylated ginsenoside metabolite, induces hepatic stellate cell apoptosis through liver kinase B1-AMP-activated protein kinase activation.

Background: Previously, we reported that Korean Red Ginseng inhibited liver fibrosis in mice and reduced the expressions of fibrogenic genes in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). The present study was undertaken to identify the major ginsenoside responsible for reducing the numbers of HSCs and the underlying mechanism involved.

Methods: Using LX-2 cells (a human immortalized HSC line) and primary activated HSCs, MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide) assays were conducted to examine the cytotoxic effects of ginsenosides.

Activation of AMPK by Maxim. Flower Extract Contributes to Protecting Hepatocytes from Oxidative Stress.

The Maxim. flower is used in traditional Chinese and Korean medicine to treat inflammation, vascular diseases, headache, and stroke, as well as enhance liver function. This research investigated the effects of Maxim.