Shock index and shock index, pediatric age-adjusted as predictors of mortality in pediatric patients with trauma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

This study aimed to assess the predictive ability of the shock index (SI) and the shock index, pediatric age-adjusted (SIPA) for mortality among pediatric patients with trauma (aged ≤ 18 years). A systematic search used PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases to identify pertinent articles published from their inception to 13 February 2023. For each SI and SIPA, the pooled sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated.

Resting-state prefrontal EEG biomarker in correlation with postoperative delirium in elderly patients.

Postoperative delirium (POD) is associated with adverse outcomes in elderly patients after surgery. Electroencephalography (EEG) can be used to develop a potential biomarker for degenerative cerebral dysfunctions, including mild cognitive impairment and dementia. This study aimed to explore the relationship between preoperative EEG and POD.

Association Between Migraine and Ischemic Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease (CCVD) and Effects of Triptans and Ergotamine on the Risk of Ischemic CCVD in Patients with Migraine in the Korean NHIS-HEALS Cohort.

Background And Objectives: Triptans and ergotamine are commonly used to treat migraine, a risk factor for ischemic stroke. This study aimed to investigate the association between migraine and ischemic cardio-cerebrovascular disease (CCVD). Further analyses were performed to examine whether symptom-relieving treatment of migraine with triptans and ergotamine reduces ischemic CCVD in migraineurs.

Association between polycythemia and risk of ischemic stroke in males based on the national health insurance service-health screening cohort.

Background: Polycythemia, a state in which the hematocrit or hemoglobin (Hb) concentration in the peripheral blood increases, is associated with several thrombosis-related diseases, of which cerebral infarction is relatively common. This study aimed to investigate the association between ischemic stroke and polycythemia, as a potential risk factor.

Research Design And Methods: This study included men who had undergone national health checkups between 2002 and 2003; the data were extracted from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening database.

Effect of metabolic health and obesity on all-cause death and CVD incidence in Korean adults: a retrospective cohort study.

This study aimed to investigate the risk of all-cause mortality and incidence of CVD according to metabolic health and body mass index (BMI) in Korean adults. This study was retrospectively designed using the National Health Insurance Service-National Health Screening Cohort data. Participants were divided into six groups according to two category of metabolic syndrome and three categories of BMI.

Body mass index at baseline directly predicts new-onset diabetes and to a lesser extent incident cardio-cerebrovascular events, but has a J-shaped relationship to all-cause mortality.

Objective: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), cardio-cerebrovascular diseases (CCVDs) has increased during recent decades. We aimed to investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and each of several outcomes (DM, CCVDs, or mortality) based on the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening cohort.

Methods: BMI was categorized as appropriate for Asian populations, into underweight (< 18.

Higher Pulse Pressure Is Associated With Increased Risk of Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease and All-Cause Mortality: A Korean National Cohort Study.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the association of pulse pressure (PP) with the cardio-cerebrovascular disease (CCVD) risk and all-cause mortality according to blood pressure level using Korean national cohort data.

Methods: This study was retrospectively designed and based on the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Health Screening Cohort. Participants aged 40-69 years at baseline were categorized into normal, elevated, stage 1, and stage 2 groups according to blood pressure.

Recent trends in opioid prescriptions in Korea from 2002 to 2015 based on the Korean NHIS-NSC cohort.

Objectives: Opioids are prescribed to treat moderate to severe pain. We investigated recent trends in opioid (morphine, oxycodone, fentanyl, and hydromorphone) prescriptions using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort between 2002 and 2015.

Methods: The morphine milligram equivalent (MME) was calculated to standardize the relative potency of opioids.

Statin Use and Incidence of Chronic Kidney Disease in Hypercholesterolemia Patients with Normal Renal Function.

Introduction: Dyslipidemia is a known risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). The effects of statins on CKD have already been studied in patients with CKD; however, data on the general population are limited. This study aimed to determine the relationship between statin use and the incidence of CKD in patients with hypercholesterolemia having normal renal function.

The association between triglyceride-glucose index, cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, and death in Korean adults: A retrospective study based on the NHIS-HEALS cohort.

Background: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a reliable indicator of insulin resistance. We aimed to investigate the TyG index in relation to cardio-cerebrovascular diseases (CCVDs and mortality.

Methods: This retrospective study included 114,603 subjects.

Positive association between the ratio of triglycerides to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and diabetes incidence in Korean adults.

Background: Insulin resistance is associated with the incidence of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction. The ratio of triglycerides (TG) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (TG/HDL-C ratio) is positively correlated with insulin resistance. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the TG/HDL-C ratio and the incidence of diabetes in Korean adults.

The ratio of triglycerides to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol is associated with the risk of chronic kidney disease in Korean men.

Dyslipidemia is nephrotoxic and can result in the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The ratio of triglycerides (TG) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (TG/HDL-C ratio) is well-correlated with insulin resistance and cardiovascular events. The aim of this study is to examine the association between the TG/HDL-C ratio and CKD in Korean adults.

Role of Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy in Clinical Stage II/III Rectal Cancer Patients Undergoing Total Mesorectal Excision: A Retrospective Propensity Score Analysis.

Background: Although the current standard preoperative chemoradiotherapy (PCRT) for stage II/III rectal cancer decreases the risk of local recurrence, it does not improve survival and increases the likelihood of preoperative overtreatment, especially in patients without circumferential resection margin (CRM) involvement.

Methods: Stage II/III rectal cancer without CRM involvement and lateral lymph node metastasis was radiologically defined by preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Patients who received PCRT followed by total mesorectal excision (TME) (PCRT group) and upfront surgery (US) with TME (US group) between 2010 and 2016 were analyzed.

Pharmacogenetic determinants associated with sunitinib-induced toxicity and ethnic difference in Korean metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the pharmacogenetic determinants of sunitinib-related toxicity and ethnic difference in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) among Korean patients.

Methods: A pharmacogenetic study was performed in 65 patients with mRCC treated with the standard schedule of sunitinib (50 mg orally once daily for 4 weeks-on/2 weeks-off). Detailed data regarding the toxicity of sunitinib, including thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, anemia, and hand-foot syndrome (HFS), were prospectively collected in a clinical trial program (n = 38) or standard oncology practice (n = 27).

Better outcome of XELOX chemotherapy in patients with advanced intestinal-type adenocarcinoma of the ampulla of Vater.

Adenocarcinoma arising from the ampulla of Vater is a rare disease and has limited data regarding outcome of chemotherapy. The ampulla of Vater is a heterogeneous junctional structure located at the union of the common bile duct, the pancreatic duct, and the small intestine. Thus, ampullary adenocarcinoma is classified as either intestinal type or pancreatobiliary type.

Simvastatin plus irinotecan, 5-fluorouracil, and leucovorin (FOLFIRI) as first-line chemotherapy in metastatic colorectal patients: a multicenter phase II study.

Background: Simvastatin has demonstrated anti-tumor activity in preclinical studies via tumor cell senescence, anti-angiogenesis, and apoptosis. This phase II trial evaluated the efficacy and toxicity profile of conventional FOLFIRI chemotherapy plus simvastatin in metastatic colorectal cancer patients.

Methods: Patients received irinotecan 180 mg/m(2) as a 90-min infusion followed by leucovorin 200 mg/m(2) in a 2-h infusion, and then 5-FU 400 mg/m(2) bolus injection followed by 2,400 mg/m(2) as a 46-h continuous infusion.

Brain metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma: prognostic factors and outcome: brain metastasis from HCC.

Brain metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma are extremely rare. The objectives of the current study were to assess the natural history, outcome, and possible prognostic factors in patients with brain metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma. Between 1995 and 2006, 6,919 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were treated at Yonsei University Health System.

Phase I trial of neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy with S-1 and weekly irinotecan in locally advanced rectal cancer.

S-1 is a novel, oral fluoropyrimidine and a known radiosensitizer. We conducted a phase I trial to establish a schedule of S-1/irinotecan with standard pelvic radiotherapy as a preoperative treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer. Our findings suggest that this new combination is feasible and well tolerable.