Nitrosylation of β2-Tubulin Promotes Microtubule Disassembly and Differentiated Cardiomyocyte Beating in Ischemic Mice.

Background: Beating cardiomyocyte regeneration therapies have revealed as alternative therapeutics for heart transplantation. Nonetheless, the importance of nitric oxide (NO) in cardiomyocyte regeneration has been widely suggested, little has been reported concerning endogenous NO during cardiomyocyte differentiation.

Methods: Here, we used P19CL6 cells and a Myocardiac infarction (MI) model to confirm NO-induced protein modification and its role in cardiac beating.

Metabolomic Signatures for the Effects of Weight Loss Interventions on Severe Obesity in Children and Adolescents.

Childhood obesity has increased worldwide, and many clinical and public interventions have attempted to reduce morbidity. We aimed to determine the metabolomic signatures associated with weight control interventions in children with obesity. Forty children from the "Intervention for Children and Adolescent Obesity via Activity and Nutrition (ICAAN)" cohort were selected according to intervention responses.

Changes in Plasma Choline and the Betaine-to-Choline Ratio in Response to 6-Month Lifestyle Intervention Are Associated with the Changes of Lipid Profiles and Intestinal Microbiota: The ICAAN Study.

Trimethylamine -oxide (TMAO) and its precursors, including choline, betaine, and L-carnitine, are gut microbiota-related metabolites associated with the risk of obesity. We aimed (1) to comprehensively examine whether the changes in plasma TMAO and its precursors induced by lifestyle intervention are associated with the improvements in plasma metabolic parameters; and (2) to identify the fecal microbiome profiles and nutrient intakes associated with these metabolites and metabolic index. Data from 40 participants (obese children and adolescents) having the plasma metabolites data related to the changes in BMI z-scores after 6-month lifestyle intervention were analyzed.

Synergistic effect between the KCNQ1 haplotype and alcohol consumption on the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Korean cohorts.

Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 1 (KCNQ1) is one of the strongest susceptibility genes for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Association studies between KCNQ1 genetic variants and T2DM have been reported. The multifactorial disease T2DM is caused by interactions between genetic susceptibility and environmental factors.

Association of Dietary Patterns with Weight Status and Metabolic Risk Factors among Children and Adolescents.

Unhealthy dietary patterns are associated with obesity in children and adolescents. However, few studies have investigated the relationships between dietary patterns and obesity-related metabolic disorders among Asians. We identified dietary patterns in children and adolescents and examined the associations between these patterns and obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome in South Korea.

Association between KCNJ11 rs5219 variant and alcohol consumption on the effect of insulin secretion in a community-based Korean cohort: a 12-year follow-up study.

Chronic alcohol consumption is known to be associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D), which is developed by two underlying mechanisms, β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance. Identification of genetic variants in association with the development of T2D may help explain the genetic risk factors of T2D. In this study, we tried to find out some genetic variations, which interact with alcohol consumption and also are associated with β-cell function through 12 year's follow-up study in Korean population.

Effects of circuit training or a nutritional intervention on body mass index and other cardiometabolic outcomes in children and adolescents with overweight or obesity.

Objective: We aimed to assess the effectiveness of the first 6 months of a 24 month multidisciplinary intervention program including circuit training and a balanced diet in children and adolescents with obesity.

Methods: A quasi-experimental intervention trial included 242 participants (age [mean±standard deviation]: 11.3±2.

Vitamin D Rescues Pancreatic β Cell Dysfunction due to Iron Overload via Elevation of the Vitamin D Receptor and Maintenance of Ca Homeostasis.

Scope: Accumulating evidence indicates that micronutrients are related to metabolic diseases. However, comparatively less attention has been devoted to their influence on each other during the development of metabolic diseases. To investigate the underlying mechanisms, the effects of iron and vitamin D on pancreatic β cell functions are examined.

A 24-week intervention based on nutrition care process improves diet quality, body mass index, and motivation in children and adolescents with obesity.

Higher motivation could support to lead behavioral change for obese children and adolescents. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a nutrition care process (NCP)-based intervention targeted on diet and weight status in moderate to severe obese children and adolescents in Korea. One hundred four subjects (mean age: 10.

Factors associated with dropout in a lifestyle modification program for weight management in children and adolescents.

Background: Significant dropout rates remain a serious concern in pediatric weight control program, but few studies have identified predictors of dropout.

Aims: The objective of the study is to identify factors associated with dropout from a pediatric lifestyle modification weight control program at different phases.

Methods: Data on overweight and obese participants (n = 242) aged 11-18 years in the Intervention for Childhood and Adolescent Obesity via Activity and Nutrition (ICAAN) study were collected at baseline, 6-months, and 24-months through self-report and a laboratory test.

Associations of alcohol consumption and physical activity with lean type 2 diabetes mellitus among Korean adults: A prospective cohort study.

Data on the association between alcohol consumption and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have accumulated, but little has been reported about this association in terms of lean T2DM. The present study analyzed 10-year longitudinal data to investigate the association between alcohol consumption and T2DM risk among lean individuals. This prospective study included 2,366 male and female Koreans aged 40-69 years who were free of DM and had a body mass index (BMI) <23 kg/m2 during the baseline period between 2001 and 2012.

Amino Acid Metabolites Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease: An Eight-Year Follow-Up Korean Epidemiology Study.

The discovery of metabolomics-based biomarkers has been a focus of recent kidney dysfunction research. In the present study, we aimed to identify metabolites associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the general population using a cross-sectional study design. At baseline, 6.

Association between the incidence of hypertension and alcohol consumption pattern and the alcohol flushing response: A 12-year follow-up study.

Background: Alcohol consumption is associated with hypertension, and this association depends on the alcohol consumption pattern and alcohol flushing response. In this 12-year follow-up study, we investigated the relationship between the alcohol consumption pattern and incidence of hypertension in the Korean population.

Methods: We analyzed 1,366 Korean participants in the Ansung-Ansan cohort study without hypertension at baseline.

Evidence-based customized nutritional intervention improves body composition and nutritional factors for highly-adherent children and adolescents with moderate to severe obesity.

Background/objectives: Evidence-based customized nutritional interventions are required for effective treatment of moderate to severe obese children and adolescents.

Subjects/methods: Sixty six (64.1% of 103) of the eligible participants who joined the usual care or physical activity group in the clinic were involved in 16-week intervention.

Chronic heavy alcohol consumption influences the association between genetic variants of GCK or INSR and the development of diabetes in men: A 12-year follow-up study.

Chronic heavy alcohol consumption is a risk factor for diabetes, which is characterized by impaired β-cell function and insulin resistance. We aimed to determine whether the longitudinal associations between genetic variants of glucokinase (GCK) and insulin receptor (INSR) and the risk of developing diabetes were influenced by chronic heavy alcohol consumption. Data were obtained from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study.

Down-regulation of the mitochondrial i-AAA protease Yme1L induces muscle atrophy via FoxO3a and myostatin activation.

Muscle atrophy is closely associated with many diseases, including diabetes and cardiac failure. Growing evidence has shown that mitochondrial dysfunction is related to muscle atrophy; however, the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. To elucidate how mitochondrial dysfunction causes muscle atrophy, we used hindlimb-immobilized mice.

2-Aminoadipic acid (2-AAA) as a potential biomarker for insulin resistance in childhood obesity.

Insulin resistance is an important clinical feature of metabolic syndrome, which includes obesity and type 2 diabetes. Increased adipose energy storage in obesity promote insulin resistance and other metabolic adverse effects. To identify a new link between adipocyte and insulin resistance, we performed targeted metabolite profiling of differentiated adipocytes and studied the association between adipogenic metabolites and insulin resistance.

Evidence-based Nutritional Intervention Protocol for Korean Moderate-Severe Obese Children and Adolescents.

Unlabelled: Diet-related behavioral modification for healthy eating and lifestyle is required to improve childhood obesity. The present study aimed to develop customized nutritional intervention protocol and education program to find barriers to adhere healthy diet and lifestyle for moderate to severe obese children and adolescents and their families. Theoretical framework approaches can be used to change behavior and achieve goals.

The association between alcohol metabolism and genetic variants of ADH1A, SRPRB, and PGM1 in Korea.

Background: Excessive alcohol consumption is a major public health problem in East Asian countries. Alcohol use leads to a cascade of problems including increased chances of risky behavior and a wide range of negative health consequences, from alcoholic liver disease to upper gastric and liver cancer. These alcohol effects are known to be influenced by ethnic variability and genetics.

The Effect of a Multidisciplinary Lifestyle Intervention on Obesity Status, Body Composition, Physical Fitness, and Cardiometabolic Risk Markers in Children and Adolescents with Obesity.

This study aimed to develop a multidisciplinary lifestyle intervention program targeted at children and adolescents with moderate to severe obesity, and assess the additional effects of exercise intervention when compared to usual care. Overall, the 103 enrolled participants were ≥85th percentile of age and sex-specific body mass index (BMI). Participants were divided into groups that received 16 weeks of either usual care or exercise intervention.

Association between Physical Fitness and Cardiometabolic Risk of Children and Adolescents in Korea.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the association between physical fitness and cardiometabolic health of Korean children and adolescents.

Methods: In total, 168 participants (89 boys and 79 girls) aged 10-16 years were recruited for the Intervention for Childhood and Adolescent Obesity via Activity and Nutrition Study in 2016. The subjects were categorized into two groups using the definition of metabolic syndrome by the International Diabetes Federation: metabolically unhealthy (with at least two of the five criteria) and healthy groups (with less than one criterion).

Association between alcohol intake and incident hypertension in the Korean population.

Background And Aims: Alcohol consumption is generally associated with increased risk of hypertension. However, the effect of alcohol intake on the incidence of hypertension remains controversial due to inconsistent results across studies. We investigated the association between alcohol intake and hypertension in a Korean population.

Validation of body composition using bioelectrical impedance analysis in children according to the degree of obesity.

This study aimed to validate body composition analysis using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) against dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in children with obesity and to compare agreement between BIA and DXA according to their degree of obesity. Three hundred and sixteen children aged 6-17 years participated in the Intervention for Childhood and Adolescents Obesity via Activity and Nutrition study. We divided participants by body mass index (BMI) percentile (group 1: mild to moderate obesity; group 2: severe obesity) and compared body composition variables, eg, percentage of body fat (%BF), fat mass (FM), and fat-free mass (FFM) using BIA and DXA.

Cardiovascular disease risk factor clustering in children and adolescents: a prospective cohort study.

Objective: The early identification of predictors related to cardiovascular disease risk factor clustering (CVD-RFC) can help prevent chronic disease. We aimed to identify the risk factors for CVD-RFC in adolescents.

Methods: A prospective longitudinal cohort study design was used to obtain data included in these analyses from school-aged children who participated in the Korean Child-Adolescent Study 2008-2014.