Evaluating Respiratory Muscle Strength in Sarcopenia Screening among Older Men in South Korea: A Retrospective Analysis.

Purpose: To evaluate the potential of incorporating respiratory muscle strength, specifically maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), along with traditional sarcopenia screening measures such as hand grip strength (HGS) and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), to identify sarcopenia in older men.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted involving male patients aged 65 years and older who underwent measurements of respiratory muscle strength, HGS, and muscle mass at a general hospital in Korea from July 2016 to May 2022. Statistical analysis utilized independent t-tests and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to assess the sensitivity and specificity of MIP, MEP, HGS, and SMI in sarcopenia screening.

Renal abscess in a Lionhead rabbit due to and : A case report.

Background: In rabbits, renal abscesses (pus-filled sores) are rare and diagnosis remains challenging. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to determine the clinical manifestation and diagnostic tests associated with renal abscess identification in rabbits.

Case Description: A four-and-a-half-year-old castrated male Lionhead rabbit with a history of poor appetite and abdominal distension was admitted to the animal hospital.

Microbial chaperonin 60 inhibits osteoclast differentiation by interfering with RANK/RANKL binding and overexpression of lipocalin2.

Osteoclasts play a crucial role in bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects of chaperonin 60 (CPN60), identified in the surface proteins of Propionibacterium freudenreichii MJ2, on receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation, and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Treatment with CPN60 inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation by decreasing the expression of osteoclast differentiation-related genes and proteins.

Effect of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived mitochondrial transplantation on ischemia-reperfusion injury in a rat model.

Background: Despite advancements in reconstructive procedures, ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury remains a significant challenge in reconstructive surgery, with mitochondrial dysfunction playing a pivotal role. Mitochondrial transplantation has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy to address this issue. This study aims to evaluate the impact of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived mitochondrial transplantation on skin flap I/R models in rats.

Exploring a Novel Role of Glycerol Kinase 1 in Prostate Cancer PC-3 Cells.

Clinically, prostate cancer is infamous for its histological and molecular heterogeneity, which causes great challenges to pinpoint therapy and pharmaceutical development. To overcome these difficulties, researchers are focusing on modulating tumor microenvironment and immune responses in addition to genetic alteration and epigenetic regulation. Here, we aimed to identify potential biomarkers or modulators of prostate cancer by investigating genes specifically altered in prostate cancer cells treated with established anti-cancer agents.

Cumulative Effects of Concurrent Inspiratory Muscle Training and Postural Correction Bands on Older Individuals Community Dwellers: A Randomized Study.

Purpose: Posture correction bands (PCBs) have been proposed as aids to help chest expansion and to enhance respiratory function. However, the impact of PCBs on community-based older individuals engaged in inspiratory muscle training (IMT) at home remains unclear.

Materials And Methods: Community-based individuals aged 65 years and older were divided into the PCB group, wearing PCBs, and the NPCB group, not wearing PCBs.

Inhibition of Biofilm Formation in , , and by the Phytopigment Shikonin.

Skin microbiota, such as acne-related , , and fungal , can form polymicrobial biofilms with greater antimicrobial tolerance to traditional antimicrobial agents and host immune systems. In this study, the phytopigment shikonin was investigated against single-species and multispecies biofilms under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of shikonin were 10 µg/mL against , , and , and at 1-5 µg/mL, shikonin efficiently inhibited single biofilm formation and multispecies biofilm development by these three microbes.

Stem cell migration drives lung repair in living mice.

Tissue repair requires a highly coordinated cellular response to injury. In the lung, alveolar type 2 cells (AT2s) act as stem cells to replenish both themselves and alveolar type 1 cells (AT1s); however, the complex orchestration of stem cell activity after injury is poorly understood. Here, we establish longitudinal imaging of AT2s in murine intact tissues ex vivo and in vivo in order to track their dynamic behavior over time.

Erratum: Correction of Tables in the Article "Reference Respiratory Muscle Strength Values and a Prediction Equation Using Physical Functions for Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Korea".

This corrects the article on p. e325 in vol. 38, PMID: 37846788.

Synergistic Integration of Machine Learning with Microstructure/Composition-Designed SnO and WO Breath Sensors.

A high-performance semiconductor metal oxide gas sensing strategy is proposed for efficient sensor-based disease prediction by integrating a machine learning methodology with complementary sensor arrays composed of SnO- and WO-based sensors. The six sensors, including SnO- and WO-based sensors and neural network algorithms, were used to measure gas mixtures. The six constituent sensors were subjected to acetone and hydrogen environments to monitor the effect of diet and/or irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) under the interference of ethanol.

Safety and efficacy of remimazolam for general anesthesia in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: There is insufficient evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of remimazolam in elderly patients. Therefore, this study evaluated the differences in the anesthesia characteristics and perioperative hemodynamic profiles of elderly patients receiving total intravenous anesthesia with remimazolam or propofol.

Methods: Eighty-four patients aged >65 years with an American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status of I-III were randomly assigned to Group R (receiving remimazolam,  = 42) or Group P (receiving propofol,  = 42).

Investigating rutin as a potential transforming growth factor-β type I receptor antagonist for the inhibition of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic lung condition characterized by the abnormal regulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In this study, we investigated the potential of rutin, a natural flavonoid, in attenuating transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-induced ECM regulation and EMT through the inhibition of the TGF-β type I receptor (TβRI)-mediated suppressor of mothers against decapentaplegic (SMAD) signaling pathway. We found that non-toxic concentrations of rutin attenuated TGF-β-induced ECM-related genes, including fibronectin, elastin, collagen 1 type 1, and TGF-β, as well as myoblast differentiation from MRC-5 lung fibroblast cells accompanied by the downregulation of α-smooth muscle actin.

Development of Machine Learning Model for VO Estimation Using a Patch-Type Single-Lead ECG Monitoring Device in Lung Resection Candidates.

A cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) is essential for lung resection. However, performing a CPET can be challenging. This study aimed to develop a machine learning model to estimate maximal oxygen consumption (VO) using data collected through a patch-type single-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring device in candidates for lung resection.

Epidemiology and Assessment of Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury With Concomitant Brain Injury: An Observational Study in a Regional Trauma Center.

Objective: : To analyze the epidemiological information of patients with traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) and concomitant traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to suggest points to be aware of during the initial physical examination of patients with SCI.

Methods: : This study was a retrospective, observational study conducted in a regional trauma center. All the records of patients diagnosed with traumatic SCI between 2016 and 2020 were reviewed.

Reference Respiratory Muscle Strength Values and a Prediction Equation Using Physical Functions for Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Korea.

Background: In Korea, tests for evaluating respiratory muscle strength are based on other countries' clinical experience or standards, which can lead to subjective evaluations. When evaluating respiratory function based on the standards of other countries, several variables, such as the race and cultures of different countries, make it difficult to apply these standards. The purpose of this study was to propose objective respiratory muscle strength standards and predicted values for healthy Korean adults based on age, height, weight, and muscle strength, by measuring maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), and peak cough flow (PCF).

Effects of walking with a portable oxygen concentrator on muscle oxygenation while performing normal or pursed-lip breathing in patients with interstitial lung disease: a randomized crossover trial.

Background: In patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD), decreased oxygen saturation (SpO2) reduces physical performance and causes exertional dyspnea. Portable oxygen concentrator (POC) and pursed-lip breathing (PLB) have the potential to improve these parameters in ILD patients.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of PLB while using a POC during walking in ILD patients.

Association between Participation in a Rehabilitation Program and 1-Year Survival in Patients Requiring Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation.

Background: The present study evaluated the association between participation in a rehabilitation program during a hospital stay and 1-year survival of patients requiring at least 21 days of mechanical ventilation (prolonged mechanical ventilation [PMV]) with various respiratory diseases as their main diagnoses that led to mechanical ventilation.

Methods: Retrospective data of 105 patients (71.4% male, mean age 70.

Sodium arsenite-induced cytotoxicity is regulated by BNIP3L/Nix-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress responses and CCPG1-mediated endoplasmic reticulum-phagy.

We elucidated the BNIP3L/Nix and SQSTM1/p62 molecular mechanisms in sodium arsenite (NaAR)-induced cytotoxicity. Considerable changes in the morphology and adhesion of H460 cells were observed in response to varying NaAR concentrations. NaAR exposure induced DNA damage-mediated apoptosis and Nix accumulation via proteasome inhibition.

The impact of posture correction bands on the respiratory function of healthy adults in their twenties: The difference between men and women.

Introduction: Recently, interest in posture correction has increased in Korea owing to increased smartphone usage. However, there have been no studies to evaluate the impact of wearing a posture correction band with an abdominal band on breathing and respiratory function.

Materials And Methods: A total of 32 healthy adults, consisting of 16 men (mean age: 23.

Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation, automated external defibrillator use, and survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

Introduction: We aimed to investigate the association between bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) with and without automated external defibrillator (AED) use and neurological outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in Korea.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used a nationwide Korean OHCA registry between 2015 and 2019. Patients were categorised into no bystander CPR and bystander CPR with and without AED use groups.

Current scenario and future applicability of antivirals against herpes zoster.

Herpes zoster (HZ) is a common disease in the aging population and immunocompromised individuals, with a lifetime risk of 20%-30% that increases with age. HZ is caused by reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), which remains latent in the spinal dorsal root ganglia and cranial sensory ganglia after resolution of the primary VZV infection. The main focus of HZ management is rapid recovery from VZV infection as well as the reduction and prevention of zoster-associated pain (ZAP) and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN).

A Predictive Model for Dysphagia after Ventilator Liberation in Severe Pneumonia Patients Receiving Tracheostomy: A Single-Center, Observational Study.

The main purpose of this study was to develop a model predictive of dysphagia in hospital survivors with severe pneumonia who underwent tracheostomy during their hospital stay. The present study included 175 patients (72% male; mean age, 71.3 years) over 5 years.

Characteristics, Possible Origins, and Health Risk Assessment of Trace Elements in Surface Waters of the Han River Watershed, South Korea.

To safeguard aquatic environments in and around the Han River watershed in South Korea, a multivariate statistical evaluation of trace elements, a trace element concentration analysis and source determination, and a human health risk assessment were conducted on 10 trace elements at 25 sites. The results demonstrated that the Han River watershed was mainly affected by anthropogenic activities (traffic/industrial activity). The range of concentrations was arranged in descending order: Fe (217.