Metabolism of phenolic compounds catalyzed by Tomato CYP736A61.

Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) regulate plant growth and stress responses by producing diverse primary and secondary metabolites. However, the function of many plant CYPs remains unknown because, despite their structural similarity, predicting the enzymatic activity of CYPs is difficult. In this study, one member of the CYP736A subfamily (CYP736A61) from tomatoes was isolated and characterized its enzymatic functions.

Identification of essential element determining fruit-specific transcriptional activity in the tomato HISTIDINE DECARBOXYLASE A gene promoter.

In SlHDC-A promoter, SlHDC-A core-ES is an essential region for fruit-specific expression and interacts with GATA, HSF and AP1. Triplication of essential region was proposed as a minimal fruit-specific promoter. In plant biotechnology, fruit-specific promoter is an important tool for the improvement and utilization of tomato fruit.

Immunotherapeutic effects of recombinant colorectal cancer antigen produced in tomato fruits.

The production of pharmacological vaccines in plants has been an important goal in the field of plant biotechnology. GA733-2, the protein that is also known as colorectal carcinoma (CRC)-associated antigen, is a strong candidate to produce a colorectal cancer vaccine. Tomato is the one of the major targets for production of an edible vaccine, as tomato is a fruit consumed in fresh form.

Development of a Genome-Edited Tomato With High Ascorbate Content During Later Stage of Fruit Ripening Through Mutation of .

Ascorbate is an essential antioxidant substance for humans. Due to the lack of ascorbate biosynthetic enzyme, a human must intake ascorbate from the food source. Tomato is one of the most widely consumed fruits, thus elevation of ascorbate content in tomato fruits will improve their nutritional value.

Optimization of the human colorectal carcinoma antigen GA733-2 production in tobacco plants.

The colorectal carcinoma-associated protein GA733-2 is one of the representative candidate protein for the development of plant-derived colorectal cancer vaccine. Despite of its significant importance for colorectal vaccine development, low efficiency of GA733-2 production limits its wide applications. To improve productivity of GA733-2 in plants, we here tested multiple factors that affect expression of recombinant GA733-2 (rGA733-2) and rGA733 fused to fragment crystallizable (Fc) domain (rGA733-Fc) protein.

The ten amino acids of the oxygen-evolving enhancer of tobacco is sufficient as the peptide residues for protein transport to the chloroplast thylakoid.

The thylakoid transit peptide of tobacco oxygen-evolving enhancer protein contains a minimal ten amino acid sequences for thylakoid lumen transports. This ten amino acids do not contain twin-arginine, which is required for typical chloroplast lumen translocation. Chloroplasts are intracellular organelles responsible for photosynthesis to produce organic carbon for all organisms.

Promoted ABA Hydroxylation by Overexpression Suppresses Pollen Maturation in .

Abscisic acid (ABA) is a key signaling molecule that mediates plant response to stress. Increasing evidence indicates that ABA also regulates many aspects of plant development, such as seed germination, leaf development, and ripening. ABA metabolism, including ABA biosynthesis and degradation, is an essential aspect of ABA response in plants.

Peroxide-dependent oxidation reactions catalyzed by CYP191A1 from Mycobacterium smegmatis.

Objectives: To find the catalytic activities of CYP191A1 from Mycobacterium smegmatis, in which functions of most P450s are unknown, by using a set of reductase systems, peroxides, and various substrates including fatty acids and human drugs.

Results: CYP191A1 was functionally expressed in Escherichia coli and purified. Its catalytic activities were examined with fatty acids, chromogenic and fluorogenic substrates, and several human P450 substrates, in the presence of six different types of electron transfer systems, such as rat NADPH-P450 reductase, Candida NADPH-P450 reductase, ferredoxin/ferredoxin reductase, putidaredoxin/putidaredoxin reductase, and peroxides (HO and t-butyl hydroperoxide).

Heterologous expression and functional characterization of the NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase from Capsicum annuum.

Two NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) genes (CaCPR1 and CaCPR2) were isolated from hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L. cv. Bukang).