Monofluorinated acetal electrolyte for high-performance lithium metal batteries.

High degree of fluorination for ether electrolytes has resulted in improved cycling stability of lithium metal batteries due to stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation and good oxidative stability. However, the sluggish ion transport and environmental concerns of high fluorination degree drive the need to develop less fluorinated structures. Here, we depart from the traditional ether backbone and introduce bis(2-fluoroethoxy)methane (F2DEM), featuring monofluorination of the acetal backbone.

Hyperconjugation-controlled molecular conformation weakens lithium-ion solvation and stabilizes lithium metal anodes.

Tuning the solvation structure of lithium ions electrolyte engineering has proven effective for lithium metal (Li) anodes. Further advancement that bypasses the trial-and-error practice relies on the establishment of molecular design principles. Expanding the scope of our previous work on solvent fluorination, we report here an alternative design principle for non-fluorinated solvents, which potentially have reduced cost, environmental impact, and toxicity.

Immunopathological markers and cell types linked to COVID-19 symptom manifestation.

Background: Numerous studies have investigated the molecular properties that contribute to the symptoms of COVID-19, such as the virus's genetic makeup, its replication mechanisms, and how it interacts with host cells. However, identifying the immunopathological properties, such as the immune system's response, cytokine levels, and the presence of specific biomarkers, that are associated with the severity of the infection remains crucial for developing effective treatments and preventions.

Methods: We analyzed blood protein factor profiles from 420 individuals to identify features differentiating between test-negative healthy, asymptomatic, and symptomatic individuals using statistical comparison and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (i.

Seawater alkalization via an energy-efficient electrochemical process for CO capture.

Electrochemical pH-swing strategies offer a promising avenue for cost-effective and energy-efficient carbon dioxide (CO) capture, surpassing the traditional thermally activated processes and humidity-sensitive techniques. The concept of elevating seawater's alkalinity for scalable CO capture without introducing additional chemical as reactant is particularly intriguing due to its minimal environmental impact. However, current commercial plants like chlor-alkali process or water electrolysis demand high thermodynamic voltages of 2.

Therapeutic Effects of on Intestinal Inflammation and Network Pharmacological Mechanism Analysis in a Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis Mouse Model.

(1) Background: IBD (inflammatory bowel disease) is characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation leading to persistent symptoms and a lack of effective treatments. ZP () has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties for the management of intestinal disorders. (2) Methods: This study aimed to investigate the components of ZP, their specific targets, and associated diseases using the TCMSP (Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology) analysis platform, TCMBank database, and ETCM2.

Disease progression associated cytokines in COVID-19 patients with deteriorating and recovering health conditions.

Understanding the immune response to COVID-19 is challenging due to its high variability among individuals. To identify differentially expressed cytokines between the deteriorating and recovering phases, we analyzed the Electronic Health Records (EHR) and cytokine profile data in a COVID-19 cohort of 444 infected patients and 145 non-infected healthy individuals. We categorized each patient's progression into Deterioration Phase (DP) and Recovery Phase (RP) using longitudinal neutrophil, lymphocyte and lactate dehydrogenase levels.

Non-specific Phospholipase C4 Improves Phosphorus Remobilization From Old to Young Leaves in Camelina.

Camelina sativa is regarded as a low-input oilseed crop for versatile food, biofuels and industrial applications with potential production on marginal lands, whereas phosphate (P) deficiency greatly reduces camelina seed production. To improve camelina resilience to low P conditions, here we overexpressed the P deficiency-induced non-specific phospholipase C4 (NPC4) to test its effect on camelina seed production under different levels of P availability. NPC4-overexpressing (OE) plants displayed increased seed yield and oil production, with a greater magnitude of increases under P-deficient than P-sufficient conditions.

A synergistic effect of herb and acupuncture on the methamphetamine.

Background: Herbal medicine Ja-Geum-Jeong (JGJ) has been used for the treatment of detoxification in Eastern Asia. However, the mechanisms involved are not clearly defined. The purpose of the present study was to investigate if herb medication inhibits Methamphetamine (METH)'s reinforcing effect and also examined if a combination of herb medication and acupuncture produces a synergistic effect on METH.

Denoiseit: denoising gene expression data using rank based isolation trees.

Background: Selecting informative genes or eliminating uninformative ones before any downstream gene expression analysis is a standard task with great impact on the results. A carefully curated gene set significantly enhances the likelihood of identifying meaningful biomarkers.

Method: In contrast to the conventional forward gene search methods that focus on selecting highly informative genes, we propose a backward search method, DenoiseIt, that aims to remove potential outlier genes yielding a robust gene set with reduced noise.

Barriers to successful dispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Korea.

Introduction: Dispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation (DA-CPR) improves bystander CPR rates and survival outcomes. This study aimed to identify barriers to successful DA-CPR in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).

Methods: This retrospective observational study used data from a nationwide OHCA database from 2017 to 2021.

Comparative analysis of child injuries in passenger vehicles and school buses: a multicentre cross-sectional study.

Objective: This study investigated the differences in injury profiles and safety device effectiveness among children with road traffic injuries (RTIs) involving passenger vehicles and school buses.

Methods: Using data from the Emergency Department-based Injury In-depth Surveillance database, this multicentre cross-sectional study investigated the injury profiles of 14 669 children aged 12 years old and younger who experienced RTIs from 2011-2021. Demographic factors, injury distribution, severity and effect of safety device use between RITs involving passenger vehicles and school buses were compared.

TimeTector: A Twin-Branch Approach for Unsupervised Anomaly Detection in Livestock Sensor Noisy Data (TT-TBAD).

Unsupervised anomaly detection in multivariate time series sensor data is a complex task with diverse applications in different domains such as livestock farming and agriculture (LF&A), the Internet of Things (IoT), and human activity recognition (HAR). Advanced machine learning techniques are necessary to detect multi-sensor time series data anomalies. The primary focus of this research is to develop state-of-the-art machine learning methods for detecting anomalies in multi-sensor data.

Solvation-property relationship of lithium-sulphur battery electrolytes.

The Li-S battery is a promising next-generation battery chemistry that offers high energy density and low cost. The Li-S battery has a unique chemistry with intermediate sulphur species readily solvated in electrolytes, and understanding their implications is important from both practical and fundamental perspectives. In this study, we utilise the solvation free energy of electrolytes as a metric to formulate solvation-property relationships in various electrolytes and investigate their impact on the solvated lithium polysulphides.

Recovery of isolated lithium through discharged state calendar ageing.

Rechargeable Li-metal batteries have the potential to more than double the specific energy of the state-of-the-art rechargeable Li-ion batteries, making Li-metal batteries a prime candidate for next-generation high-energy battery technology. However, current Li-metal batteries suffer from fast cycle degradation compared with their Li-ion battery counterparts, preventing their practical adoption. A main contributor to capacity degradation is the disconnection of Li from the electrochemical circuit, forming isolated Li.

Safety of herbal decoctions: A scoping review of clinical studies in South Korea focusing on liver and kidney functions.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Approximately 27% of individuals seeking Korean medicine (KM) services in South Korea are prescribed herbal decoctions. The South Korean government has considered the validity of providing National Health Insurance coverage for herbal decoctions. Therefore, it is important to investigate their safety.

LPC20K modified from krill oil ameliorates the scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by cognitive impairment. It is common in the elderly. Etiologically, dysfunction of cholinergic neurotransmitter system is prominent in AD.

Pig Movement Estimation by Integrating Optical Flow with a Multi-Object Tracking Model.

Pig husbandry constitutes a significant segment within the broader framework of livestock farming, with porcine well-being emerging as a paramount concern due to its direct implications on pig breeding and production. An easily observable proxy for assessing the health of pigs lies in their daily patterns of movement. The daily movement patterns of pigs can be used as an indicator of their health, in which more active pigs are usually healthier than those who are not active, providing farmers with knowledge of identifying pigs' health state before they become sick or their condition becomes life-threatening.

Catalytic removal of harmful volatile organic compounds by reutilizing zinc rods waste from spent batteries as a palladium catalyst support.

The emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has led to significant deterioration in air quality, making it imperative to ensure that these compounds are removed from emission sources before they are released into the atmosphere. In this context, the present study recycled spent primary batteries to use their zinc rods waste (ZRW) as a palladium catalyst support for the removal of harmful VOCs. To this end, palladium supported on ZRW (Pd/ZRW) catalysts were prepared and tested for the catalytic oxidation of benzene, methylbenzene and 1,2-dimethylbenzene.

Local refinement mechanism for improved plant leaf segmentation in cluttered backgrounds.

Plant phenotyping is a critical field in agriculture, aiming to understand crop growth under specific conditions. Recent research uses images to describe plant characteristics by detecting visual information within organs such as leaves, flowers, stems, and fruits. However, processing data in real field conditions, with challenges such as image blurring and occlusion, requires improvement.

Proximity Matters: Interfacial Solvation Dictates Solid Electrolyte Interphase Composition.

The composition of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) plays an important role in controlling Li-electrolyte reactions, but the underlying cause of SEI composition differences between electrolytes remains unclear. Many studies correlate SEI composition with the bulk solvation of Li ions in the electrolyte, but this correlation does not fully capture the interfacial phenomenon of SEI formation. Here, we provide a direct connection between SEI composition and Li-ion solvation by forming SEIs using polar substrates that modify interfacial solvation structures.

Systemic and molecular analysis dissect the red ginseng induction of apoptosis and autophagy in HCC as mediated with AMPK.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a high incidence and is one of the highest mortality cancers when advanced stage is proceeded. However, Anti-cancer drugs available for treatment are limited and new anti-cancer drugs and new ways to treat them are minimal. We examined that the effects and possibility of Red Ginseng (RG, Panax ginseng Meyer) as new anti-cancer drug on HCC by combining network pharmacology and molecular biology.

Prelithiation by Direct Integration of Lithium Mesh into Battery Cells.

Silicon (Si)-based anodes are promising for next-generation lithium (Li)-ion batteries due to their high theoretical capacity (∼3600 mAh/g). However, they suffer quantities of capacity loss in the first cycle from initial solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation. Here, we present an prelithiation method to directly integrate a Li metal mesh into the cell assembly.

Dissolution of the Solid Electrolyte Interphase and Its Effects on Lithium Metal Anode Cyclability.

At >95% Coulombic efficiencies, most of the capacity loss for Li metal anodes (LMAs) is through the formation and growth of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). However, the mechanism through which this happens remains unclear. One property of the SEI that directly affects its formation and growth is the SEI's solubility in the electrolyte.