An automated 13.5 hour system for scalable diagnosis and acute management guidance for genetic diseases.

While many genetic diseases have effective treatments, they frequently progress rapidly to severe morbidity or mortality if those treatments are not implemented immediately. Since front-line physicians frequently lack familiarity with these diseases, timely molecular diagnosis may not improve outcomes. Herein we describe Genome-to-Treatment, an automated, virtual system for genetic disease diagnosis and acute management guidance.

Estimating leukocyte, platelet, and erythrocyte counts in rats by blood smear examination.

Background: The CBC is an essential test for assessing the health of rats used in drug development studies. Because of limited blood volume, estimates of cell counts from a blood smear would be valuable when other analytical methods of enumerating cells are not possible or available.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop a statistical model to accurately estimate WBC, platelet (PLT), and RBC counts in blood smears from rats.

Urothelial carcinogenesis in the urinary bladder of rats treated with naveglitazar, a gamma-dominant PPAR alpha/gamma agonist: lack of evidence for urolithiasis as an inciting event.

Naveglitazar, a gamma-dominant peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) alpha/gamma dual agonist, was tested for carcinogenicity in F344 rats in a 2-year study. Changes in urine composition and urothelial morphology were characterized in a companion 18-month investigative study. A significant increase in neoplasms of the bladder occurred only in females of the high-dose group (14/60) in the carcinogenicity study.

Cationic amino acid transporter-2 regulates immunity by modulating arginase activity.

Cationic amino acid transporters (CAT) are important regulators of NOS2 and ARG1 activity because they regulate L-arginine availability. However, their role in the development of Th1/Th2 effector functions following infection has not been investigated. Here we dissect the function of CAT2 by studying two infectious disease models characterized by the development of polarized Th1 or Th2-type responses.

Host control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is regulated by 5-lipoxygenase-dependent lipoxin production.

Th1 type cytokine responses are critical in the control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Recent findings indicate that 5-lipoxygenase-dependent (5-LO-dependent) lipoxins regulate host IL-12 production in vivo. Here, we establish lipoxins as key chemical mediators in resistance to M.