Ambient Environmental Ozone and Variation of Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) in Hairdressers and Healthcare Workers.

Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a breath-related biomarker of eosinophilic asthma. The aim of this study was to investigate FeNO variations due to environmental or occupational exposures in respiratory healthy subjects. Overall, 14 hairdressers and 15 healthcare workers in Oslo were followed for 5 workdays.

Aetiology and diagnostics of paediatric hydrocephalus across Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: We aimed to identify the aetiological distribution and the diagnostic methods for paediatric hydrocephalus across Africa, for which there is currently scarce evidence.

Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE (Ovid), the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (Wiley), Embase (Ovid), Global Health (Ovid), Maternity & Infant Care (Ovid), Scopus, African Index Medicus (Global Index Medicus, WHO) and Africa-Wide Information (EBSCO) from inception to Nov 29, 2021. We included studies from any African country reporting on the distribution of hydrocephalus aetiology in children aged 18 years and younger, with no language restrictions.

Randomized trial of cardiovascular prevention in Norway combining an in-hospital lifestyle course with primary care follow-up: the Hjerteløftet study.

Aims: Cardiovascular risk factor control is suboptimal in Europe, including Norway. The present study examined the efficacy of a multimodal primary prevention intervention programme based on the existing Norwegian health care system.

Methods And Results: In this open-label randomized controlled trial, adult patients with elevated cardiovascular risk were randomly assigned to an intervention programme including a hospital-based lifestyle course and primary care follow-up or to a control group (CG).

Glove-related hand urticaria.

Background: Glove-related hand urticaria is probably underdiagnosed and is an important differential diagnosis in suspected cases of contact allergy.

Case Presentation: A nurse in her twenties presented with recurrent immediate-onset erythematous eruption with burning sensation on the dorsal hands after wearing disposable gloves. This occurred irrespective of the type of disposable gloves used.

Long-term effects (> 24 months) of multiple lifestyle intervention on major cardiovascular risk factors among high-risk subjects: a meta-analysis.

Background: The evidence of the long-term effects of multiple lifestyle intervention on cardiovascular risk is uncertain. We aimed to summarize the evidence from randomized clinical trials examining the efficacy of lifestyle intervention on major cardiovascular risk factors in subjects at high cardiovascular risk.

Methods: Eligible trials investigated the impact of lifestyle intervention versus usual care with minimum 24 months follow-up, reporting more than one major cardiovascular risk factor.

Editor's Choice - Effect of Statins on Total Mortality in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: The aim was to summarise the evidence from published epidemiological studies investigating the efficacy of statin therapy on long term survival in patients after abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair.

Data Sources: This study was a systematic review with critical appraisal and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Review Methods: A systematic literature search was carried out throughout February 2020, revealing 14 eligible cohort studies of which 11 were judged to be of high quality.

Remote Ischemic Conditioning in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) as compared to no conditioning on clinical endpoints in acute coronary syndromes (ACS) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Design: Systematic review of randomized clinical trials (RCTs).

Material And Methods: Literature was searched up to September 13, 2019, and we identified a total of 13 RCTs.

Falls in hospital: a case-control study.

Aims: Falls among inpatients are common. The method used by The Norwegian Patient Safety Campaign to measure the adverse events is the Global Trigger Tool, which does not look at the causation for falls. This study was aimed at investigating major risk factors for falls in the hospital setting.

Mediastinitis in open heart surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of risk factors.

We aimed to summarize the evidence from observational studies examining the risk factors of the incidence of mediastinitis in open heart surgery. Design. The study was a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohorts and case-control studies.

Effect of oral β-blocker treatment on mortality in contemporary post-myocardial infarction patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aims: Guidelines concerning β-blocker treatment following acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are based on studies undertaken before the implementation of reperfusion and secondary prevention therapies. We aimed to estimate the effect of oral β-blockers on mortality in contemporary post-AMI patients with low prevalence of heart failure and/or reduced left ventricular ejection fraction.

Methods And Results: A random effects model was used to synthetize results of 16 observational studies published between 1 January 2000 and 30 October 2017.

Thirty-day readmissions in surgical and transcatheter aortic valve replacement: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The 30-day all-cause readmission rate after surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) and transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) vary substantially. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the overall incidence, causes, and risk factors of 30-day all-cause readmission rate after SAVR and TAVR.

Methods: Eight medical research databases were searched; Cochrane, Medline, Embase, UpToDate, PROSPERO, National Guideline Clearinghouse, SweMed and Oria.

Khat chewing increases the risk for developing chronic liver disease: A hospital-based case-control study.

Unlabelled: The chewing of the leaves of Catha edulis (khat) has been implicated in the development of liver disease, but no controlled observations have been undertaken. The objective of the present study was to determine whether khat chewing is associated with development of chronic liver disease (CLD). A case-control study was conducted at two public hospitals in Harar, Ethiopia, between April 2015 and April 2016.

Prolonging the duration of single-shot intrathecal labour analgesia with morphine: A systematic review.

Background And Aims: Single-shot spinal with bupivacaine plus fentanyl or sufentanil is commonly used as analgesia during labour, but the short duration limits the clinical feasibility. Different drugs have been added to prolong the analgesic duration. The additional effect of intra-thecal morphine has been studied during labour pain as well as after surgery.

Atrial fibrillation and the risk for myocardial infarction, all-cause mortality and heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background In contemporary atrial fibrillation trials most deaths are cardiac related, whereas stroke and bleeding represent only a small subset of deaths. We aimed to evaluate the long-term risk of cardiac events and all-cause mortality in individuals with atrial fibrillation compared to no atrial fibrillation. Design A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies published between 1 January 2006 and 21 October 2016.

Risk factors for severe postpartum hemorrhage: a case-control study.

Background: In high-income countries, the incidence of severe postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) has increased. This has important public health relevance because severe PPH is a leading cause of major maternal morbidity. However, few studies have identified risk factors for severe PPH within a contemporary obstetric cohort.

Perioperative humoral stress response to laparoscopic versus open aortobifemoral bypass surgery.

Minimally invasive surgery seems to reduce hormonal stress response to surgery, but has not previously been examined in major abdominal vascular surgery. Aortic cross-clamping time and operation time is known to be longer in the totally laparoscopic aortobifemoral bypass (LABF) as compared to open aortobifemoral bypass (OABF). The main objective of our study was to measure the hormonal stress response during surgery and aortic cross-clamping in patients undergoing a totally laparoscopic versus an open aortobifemoral bypass.

Assisted reproductive technology and severe postpartum haemorrhage: a case-control study.

Objective: To investigate the association between assisted reproductive technology and severe postpartum haemorrhage.

Design: Case-control study.

Setting: The study was conducted in Norway; Division of Gynaecology and Obstetrics at Oslo University Hospital and Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Drammen Hospital.

Comparison of the acute-phase response after laparoscopic versus open aortobifemoral bypass surgery: a substudy of a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: Minimally invasive surgical techniques have been shown to reduce the inflammatory response related to a surgical procedure. The main objective of our study was to measure the inflammatory response in patients undergoing a totally laparoscopic versus open aortobifemoral bypass surgery. This is the first randomized trial on subjects in this population.

Latitude of the study place and age of the patient are associated with incidence of mediastinitis and microbiology in open-heart surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: We aimed to summarize the pooled frequency of mediastinitis following open-heart surgery caused by Gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and Gram-negative bacteria.

Design: This study was a systematic review and a meta-analysis of prospective and retrospective cohort studies.

Materials And Methods: We searched the literature, and a total of 97 cohort studies were identified.

Pregnancy outcomes following maternal kidney transplantation: a national cohort study.

Introduction: Internal design flaws in previous reports of pregnancies following kidney transplantation have been outlined, and the need for a validation has been stated. The aim of this study was to collect information about obstetrical and neonatal outcomes in all Norwegian pregnancies following maternal kidney transplantation, and to compare these data with the general Norwegian population.

Material And Methods: A retrospective cohort study based on 1 272 000 deliveries in Norway between 1969 and 2013.

Characterization of a new highly sensitive immunometric assay for thyroglobulin with reduced interference from autoantibodies.

Measurements of serum thyroglobulin (Tg) with sensitive immunoassays are of great importance for the management of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinomas. However, interference of circulating autoantibodies to Tg (hTgAb) hampers the usefulness of most assays. We have produced a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) selected to bind Tg in the presence of Tg autoantibodies and developed a sensitive immunoassay for Tg with minor interference by hTgAbs.

Thromboprophylaxis with low molecular weight heparin versus unfractionated heparin in intensive care patients: a systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis.

Purpose: To compare benefits and harms of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) versus unfractionated heparin (UFH) as thromboprophylaxis in intensive care unit (ICU) patients.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis (TSA) of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing LMWH with UFH as thromboprophylaxis in adult ICU patients. We searched Ovid Medline, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, UpToDate, Guidelines International Network, PROSPERO and the metaRegister of Controlled Trials through 3 December 2014.

Toxoplasma prevalence among pregnant women in Norway: a cross-sectional study.

Infection by Toxoplasma gondii may lead to complications in the foetus if the mother suffers from primary infection during pregnancy. Previously infected women have produced toxoplasma-specific IgG antibodies. The most recent study on prevalence of toxoplasma IgG in the Norwegian pregnant population was conducted 20 years ago.

Postconditioning in ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a systematic review, critical appraisal, and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Objective: We aimed to summarize the evidence from randomized clinical trials studies examining the efficacy of ischemic postconditioning (IPost) in ST-elevation myocardial infarction.

Design: The study was a systematic review and critical appraisal, with meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Materials And Methods: We searched the literature.