Achilles tendon enthesis behavior under cyclic compressive loading: Consequences of unloading and early remobilization.

The Achilles tendon enthesis (ATE) anchors the Achilles tendon into the calcaneus through fibrocartilaginous tissue. The latter is enriched in type II collagen and proteoglycans (PGs), both of which give the enthesis its capacity to withstand compressive stress. Because unloading and reloading induce remodeling of the ATE fibrocartilage (Camy et al.

Reduction of mortality, cardiac damage, and cerebral damage by IL-1 inhibition in a murine model of TTP.

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), a rare but fatal disease if untreated, is due to alteration in von Willebrand factor cleavage resulting in capillary microthrombus formation and ischemic organ damage. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) has been shown to drive sterile inflammation after ischemia and could play an essential contribution to postischemic organ damage in TTP. Our objectives were to evaluate IL-1 involvement during TTP and to test the efficacy of the recombinant IL-1 receptor antagonist, anakinra, in a murine TTP model.

Characterization of the mechanical properties of the mouse Achilles tendon enthesis by microindentation. Effects of unloading and subsequent reloading.

The fibrocartilaginous tendon enthesis, i.e. the site where a tendon is attached to bone through a fibrocartilaginous tissue, is considered as a functionally graded interface.

Mechanical Characterization at the Microscale of Mineralized Bone Callus after Bone Lengthening.

Distraction osteogenesis (DO) involves several processes to form an organized distracted callus. While bone regeneration during DO has been widely described, no study has yet focused on the evolution profile of mechanical properties of mineralized tissues in the distracted callus. The aim of this study was therefore to measure the elastic modulus and hardness of calcified cartilage and trabecular and cortical bone within the distracted callus during the consolidation phase.

Oral manifestations associated with inherited hyperhomocysteinemia: A first case description.

Hyperhomocysteinemia is a rare disease caused by nutritional deficiencies or genetic impairment of cysteine metabolism. To date, no oral manifestations of hyperhomocysteinemia have been described in humans. Therefore, to our knowledge, the present case report is the first description of a hyperhomocysteinemic patient showing oral tissue alterations leading to both early tooth loss and failed implant osseointegration.

Systemic Administration of G-CSF Accelerates Bone Regeneration and Modulates Mobilization of Progenitor Cells in a Rat Model of Distraction Osteogenesis.

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) was shown to promote bone regeneration and mobilization of vascular and osteogenic progenitor cells. In this study, we investigated the effects of a systemic low dose of G-CSF on both bone consolidation and mobilization of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in a rat model of distraction osteogenesis (DO). Neovascularization and mineralization were longitudinally monitored using positron emission tomography and planar scintigraphy.

Early-stage knee OA induced by MIA and MMT compared in the murine model via histological and topographical approaches.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative disease whose early management includes promising mechanical treatments. New treatments are initially validated using an animal model in which OA is induced. The MMT (mechanical induction) and MIA (chemical induction) models of OA induction are widespread, but their use to generate early OA is poorly documented.

Total Knee Arthroplasty with a Ti6Al4V/PEEK Prosthesis on an Osteoarthritis Rat Model: Behavioral and Neurophysiological Analysis.

Arthroplasty is a surgical procedure to restore the function of the joint of patient suffering from knee osteoarthritis. However, postoperative functional deficits are reported even after a rehabilitation program. In order to determine the origin of functional deficits of patient suffering from knee osteoarthritis and total knee arthroplasty, we developed a rodent model including a chemically-induced-osteoarthritis and designed a knee prosthesis (Ti6Al4V/PEEK) biomechanically and anatomically adapted to rat knee joint.

Probing the Cellular Size Distribution in Cell Samples Undergoing Cell Death.

A polydisperse scattering model adapted for concentrated medium, namely the polydisperse structure factor model, was examined to explain the backscatter coefficients (BSCs) measured from packed cell samples undergoing cell death. Cell samples were scanned using high-frequency ultrasound in the 10-42 MHz bandwidth. A parameter estimation procedure was proposed to estimate the volume fraction and the relative impedance contrast that could explain the changes in BSC pattern by considering the actual change in cellular size distribution.

Nonlinear ultrasound parameter to monitor cell death in cancer cell samples.

A scaling subtraction method was proposed to analyze the radio frequency data from cancer cell samples exposed to an anti-cancer drug and to estimate a nonlinear parameter. The nonlinear parameter was found to be well correlated (R= 0.62) to the percentage of dead cells in apoptosis and necrosis.

Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor enhances bone fracture healing.

Background: Circulating mesenchymal stem cells contribute to bone repair. Their incorporation in fracture callus is correlated to their bioavailability. In addition, Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor induces the release of vascular and mesenchymal progenitors.

An Efficient and Reproducible Protocol for Distraction Osteogenesis in a Rat Model Leading to a Functional Regenerated Femur.

This protocol describes the use of a newly developed external fixator for distraction osteogenesis in a rat femoral model. Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is a surgical technique leading to bone regeneration after an osteotomy. The osteotomized extremities are moved away from each other by gradual distraction to reach the desired elongation.

Structure factor model for understanding the measured backscatter coefficients from concentrated cell pellet biophantoms.

Ultrasonic backscatter coefficient (BSC) measurements were performed on K562 cell pellet biophantoms with cell concentrations ranging from 0.006 to 0.30 in the 10-42 MHz frequency bandwidth.

Structural remodeling of unweighted soleus myotendinous junction in monkey.

This study describes the morphology of the soleus myotendinous junction (MTJ) in the Rhesus monkey. Ultrastructural observations revealed a structural complexity that probably reflects functional adaptations. We also studied ultrastructural modifications of the MTJ in response to 14 days of hypokinesia and microgravity (Bion 11 mission).