An on demand macaque model of mesial temporal lobe seizures induced by unilateral intra hippocampal injection of penicillin.

Purpose: Our objective was to propose a new on demand non-human primate model of mesial temporal lobe seizures suitable for pre-clinical innovative therapeutic research.

Methods: Five macaques were stereotaxically implanted unilaterally with a deep recording electrode in the hippocampus. For each experiment, penicillin was injected into the hippocampus and animals were monitored during five consecutive hours.

Effects of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNFα) and Interferon-γ (IFNγ) on Gene Expression Profiles in Bladder Carcinoma Cells Using Oligonucleotide Microarray Analysis.

Background: TNFα and IFNγ, two main cytokines secreted in the urine of bladder cancer patients after Bacillus Calmette Guerin immunotherapy (BCG therapy), exert various responses ranging from growth arrest, apoptosis, phenotypic changes and differentiation.

Materials And Methods: To identify their transcriptional and translational targets, the highly sensitive bladder cancer cell line (RT112) was treated for 24 hours with increasing doses of IFNγ or TNFα and analyzed for cellular and molecular changes using a cDNA microarray technique (Transcriptome) containing 800 genes.

Results: High doses (>10 ng/ml) induced an apoptotic cell death, whereas low doses (<5 ng/ml) induced a survival program.