A web-based and mobile randomised controlled trial providing complementary feeding guidelines to first-time parents in France to promote responsive parental feeding practices, healthy children's eating behaviour and optimal body mass index: the NutrienT trial study protocol.

Background: Childhood obesity is a crucial public health issue. Early childhood is a critical time to foster the establishment of healthy eating behaviours and growth, which are partly shaped by parental feeding practices. To inform French parents of the recently updated national complementary feeding guidelines for 0-3 years (in terms of nutrition and responsive feeding as a mean to encourage infant appetite control skills and promote healthy growth), an official printed brochure was developed and nationally disseminated in 2021 by the French public health agency, Santé publique France.

Socioeconomic position during pregnancy and pre-school exposome in children from eight European birth cohort studies.

Distribution of environmental hazards and vulnerability to their effects vary across socioeconomic groups. Our objective was to analyse the relationship between child socioeconomic position (SEP) at birth and the external exposome at pre-school age (0-4 years). This study included more than 60,000 children from eight cohorts in eleven European cities (Oslo, Copenhagen, Bristol, Bradford, Rotterdam, Nancy, Poitiers, Gipuzkoa, Sabadell, Valencia and Turin).

Urban environment exposures, energy balance-related behaviors and their combination in preschoolers from three European countries.

Background: Urban environments are characterized by many factors that may influence children's energy balance-related behaviors (EBRBs), but there is limited research on the impact of prospective exposure to multiple urban factors in preschoolers. We evaluated prospective associations between various urban exposures and EBRBs in preschoolers across Europe, with EBRBs considered both individually and combined into lifestyle patterns.

Methods: We used data from 4,073 preschoolers (aged 3-4 years) participating in three European cohorts from the EU Child Cohort Network: BiB (United Kingdom), EDEN (France), and INMA (Spain).

Maternal employment characteristics as a structural social determinant of breastfeeding after return to work in the European Region: a scoping review.

Background: The European Region has the lowest rate of exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months worldwide. Improving work-related breastfeeding issues is important given that women may have difficulties combining work and breastfeeding, especially those in precarious working situations, which adds to their adversity. This scoping review overviews research on the maternal employment characteristics that support breastfeeding continuation after return to work in the European Region.

Infant feeding practices and body mass index up to 7.5 years in the French nationwide ELFE study.

Background/objectives: The infant diet represents one of the main modifiable determinants of early growth. This study aimed to investigate the associations of infant feeding practices with body mass index (BMI) until 7.5 years.

Trajectories of lifestyle patterns from 2 to 8 years of age and cardiometabolic risk in children: the GUSTO study.

Background: Tracking combinations of lifestyle behaviours during childhood ("lifestyle pattern trajectories") can identify subgroups of children that might benefit from lifestyle interventions aiming to improve health outcomes later in life. However, studies on the critical transition period from early to middle childhood are limited. We aimed to describe lifestyle patterns trajectories in children from 2 to 8 years of age and evaluated their associations with cardiometabolic risk markers at age 8 years in a multi-ethnic Asian cohort.

Associations of Maternal Educational Level, Proximity to Green Space During Pregnancy, and Gestational Diabetes With Body Mass Index From Infancy to Early Adulthood: A Proof-of-Concept Federated Analysis in 18 Birth Cohorts.

International sharing of cohort data for research is important and challenging. We explored the feasibility of multicohort federated analyses by examining associations between 3 pregnancy exposures (maternal education, exposure to green vegetation, and gestational diabetes) and offspring body mass index (BMI) from infancy to age 17 years. We used data from 18 cohorts (n = 206,180 mother-child pairs) from the EU Child Cohort Network and derived BMI at ages 0-1, 2-3, 4-7, 8-13, and 14-17 years.

Lifestyle patterns in European preschoolers: Associations with socio-demographic factors and body mass index.

Background: Energy balance-related behaviours (EBRBs), that is, dietary intake, screen, outdoor play and sleep, tend to combine into 'lifestyle patterns', with potential synergistic influences on health. To date, studies addressing this theme mainly focused on school children and rarely accounted for sleep, with a cross-country perspective.

Objectives: We aimed at comparing lifestyle patterns among preschool-aged children across Europe, their associations with socio-demographic factors and their links with body mass index (BMI).

Impact of parental lifestyle patterns in the preconception and pregnancy periods on childhood obesity.

Introduction: High prevalence of overweight and obesity already observed in preschool children suggests the involvement of early-life risk factors. Preconception period and pregnancy are crucial windows for the implementation of child obesity prevention interventions with parental lifestyle factors as relevant targets. So far, most studies have evaluated their role separately, with only a few having investigated their potential synergistic effect on childhood obesity.

Cross-sectional and prospective associations between behavioural patterns and adiposity in school-aged children.

Objective: Behavioural patterns are important in understanding the synergistic effect of multiple health behaviours on childhood adiposity. Most previous evidence assessing associations between patterns and adiposity were cross-sectional and investigated two or three behaviour domains within patterns. This study aimed to identify behavioural patterns comprising four behaviour domains and investigate associations with adiposity risk in children.

The impact of income-support interventions on life course risk factors and health outcomes during childhood: a systematic review in high income countries.

Background: In high income countries one in five children still lives in poverty, which is known to adversely shape the life course health trajectory of these children. However, much less is understood on whether social and fiscal policies have the capacity to reverse this damage, which intervention is likely to be most effective and when these interventions should be delivered to maximise their impact. This systematic review attempts to address these questions by looking at the impact of income-support interventions, delivered during the first 1,000 days of life, on cardiovascular, metabolic, respiratory and mental health outcomes.

Social determinants of inadequate prenatal care utilization in sheltered homeless mothers in the Greater Paris area in France.

Background: Sheltered homeless families suffer from deleterious living conditions such as housing instability (i.e., moving from one shelter to another) that could be an additional barrier to healthcare utilization.

Enrichment of Formula in Probiotics or Prebiotics and Risk of Infection and Allergic Diseases up to Age 5.5 Years in the Nationwide Etude Longitudinale Française depuis l'Enfance (ELFE) Cohort.

Background: An increasing number of infant and follow-on formulas are enriched with probiotics and/or prebiotics; however, evidence for health effects of such enrichment in early childhood remains inconclusive.

Objectives: The present study aimed to assess whether the consumption of formula enriched with probiotics or prebiotics was associated with the risk of infection and allergic diseases in early childhood.

Methods: Analyses involved data for 8389 formula-fed children from the Etude Longitudinale Française depuis l'Enfance (ELFE) cohort.

Parental lifestyle patterns around pregnancy and risk of childhood obesity in four European birth cohort studies.

Background: A high prevalence of excess weight in children younger than 5 years suggests the involvement of early-life risk factors. The preconception and pregnancy periods are crucial stages for the implementation of interventions to prevent childhood obesity. Most studies so far have evaluated the effects of early-life factors separately, with only a few investigating the combined effect of parental lifestyle factors.

Lifestyle Patterns of Children Experiencing Homelessness: Family Socio-Ecological Correlates and Links with Physical and Mental Health.

Diet, screen time, physical activity, and sleep combine into lifestyle patterns with synergistic effects on health. This study aimed to identify lifestyle patterns in children without housing and assess their associations with physical and mental health and family socio-ecological factors. In the 2013 ENFAMS cross-sectional survey (children aged 6-12 experiencing homelessness, Greater Paris area, n = 235), parents reported socio-ecological factors, children's behaviours, and mental health (the latter was also child-reported).

Early origins of metabolic and overall health in young adults: An outcome-wide analysis in a general cohort population.

Introduction: Long-term consequences of impaired fetal growth are well documented for cardiometabolic outcomes. We propose an outcome-wide analysis of the association between birth weight (BW) and long-term health in a large contemporary adult cohort.

Methods: The study included 73,315 participants under 60 years with a reliable BW from the French nationwide Constances cohort.

The effectiveness of interventions during the first 1,000 days to improve energy balance-related behaviors or prevent overweight/obesity in children from socio-economically disadvantaged families of high-income countries: a systematic review.

This narrative systematic review examined effectiveness of interventions during pregnancy and up to 2 years of age in improving energy balance-related behaviors or prevent overweight/obesity in children from families experiencing socio-economic disadvantage. We identified 24 interventions, from 33 articles, since 1990. Overall, despite their heterogeneity and variability in internal and external validity, there was some evidence of beneficial impact of interventions on obesity risk (4/15), and associated behaviors, e.

Paternal Diet before Conception and Its Social Determinants in the Elfe Cohort.

This study aimed to characterize paternal diet during the peri-conception period and its associated characteristics. These cross-sectional analyses were based on 998 fathers from the French nationwide ELFE birth cohort recruited in 2011. Fathers' diet before mothers' pregnancies was assessed by a 46-item food frequency questionnaire.

Prospective associations of lifestyle patterns in early childhood with socio-emotional and behavioural development and BMI: An outcome-wide analysis of the EDEN mother-child cohort.

Background: Children's energy balance-related behaviours (EBRB), comprising diet, screen time, physical activity, and sleep, combine into "lifestyle patterns", which may exert a synergistic effect on health. To date, studies investigating this synergy have primarily focused on obesity risk, without addressing other facets of health.

Objectives: To examine the prospective associations of preschoolers' lifestyle patterns with socio-emotional, behavioural, and body mass index (BMI) outcomes at 8 years.

Sociodemographic and behavioural factors of adherence to the no-screen guideline for toddlers among parents from the French nationwide Elfe birth cohort.

Background: Excessive screen time in infancy and childhood has been associated with consequences on children's development and health. International guidelines call for no screen time before age 2 years, whereas in France, the most prominent guidelines recommend no screen before age 3 years. However, data are lacking on parental adherence to the no-screen guideline for toddlers and factors of adherence in France.

Maternal diet during pregnancy and child neurodevelopment up to age 3.5 years: the nationwide Étude Longitudinale Française depuis l'Enfance (ELFE) birth cohort.

Background: Dietary guidelines available to pregnant women are made to improve maternal health and fetal development. But their adequacy to sustain offspring neurodevelopment has remained understudied.

Objectives: We assessed the association between compliance with nutritional guidelines during pregnancy and neurodevelopment in preschool children.

Differing associations with childhood outcomes using behavioural patterns derived from three data reduction techniques.

Background: Behavioural patterns help to understand the influence of multiple health behaviours on childhood outcomes. Behavioural patterns derived using different data reduction techniques can be non-identical and may differentially associate with childhood outcomes. This study aimed to compare associations of behavioural patterns derived from three methods with three childhood outcomes.