Emotion Regulation Training as an Add-on in the Treatment of Obesity in Young Adolescents: A Randomized Controlled Superiority Trial.

In an inpatient treatment center for pediatric obesity, the effectiveness of an emotion regulation (ER) training on top of the multidisciplinary obesity treatment (MOT) was tested by means of an RCT. The ER training was evaluated on primary outcomes: ER and emotional eating, and secondary outcomes: well-being and weight loss, taking into account pre, post, and follow-up measurements. Of the 115 10- to-14-year old adolescents with obesity (52.

Body dissatisfaction and low self-esteem in elementary school-aged children: the role of media pressure and trust in parent-child relationships.

Studies have indicated that the media plays a role in the development of body dissatisfaction in children. Nevertheless, there is limited understanding of the protective factors that may reduce this association, such as the parent-child relationship. Therefore, this study investigates children's body dissatisfaction and self-esteem and the role of media pressure and a trust in parent-child relationships herein.

Examining the whole plate: The role of the family context in the understanding of children's food refusal behaviors.

Introduction: In the context of understanding children's food refusal behaviors, such as food fussiness and food neophobia, research has predominantly focused on the role of parental feeding strategies. However, little is known about which general family context variables add to the understanding of children's food refusal behaviors. The purpose of this study was to examine the relation between 1) parents' own use of maladaptive emotion regulation strategies when they are anxious, 2) parents' reactions towards their children's emotions in stressful situations, and 3) parenting styles on the one hand, and children's food refusal behaviors on the other.

Body dissatisfaction and disordered eating symptoms in children's daily life: Can parents protect against appearance comparison on social media?

Research suggests that body dissatisfaction is common among children. However, it remains largely unknown how body dissatisfaction occurs on a daily basis and which environmental factors are linked to this. The purpose of this study was to examine (1) state body dissatisfaction, dietary restraint, compensatory exercise and loss of control eating among children and its association with upward comparisons via social media and (2) whether trust in parents may attenuate this association.

Self-regulation profiles in addictive behaviors among adolescents: A transdiagnostic approach.

Dual-pathway models suggest that poor self-regulation (immature regulatory combined with strong reactive processes) is an important factor underlying addictive behaviors among adolescents. This study examined whether there are different self-regulation profiles among community adolescents, and how these profiles are related to the presence, severity and comorbidity of different addictive behaviors. A community sample of 341 adolescents (54.

Treatment Effects on Psychophysiological Stress Responses in Youth With Obesity.

Objective: Stress plays a central role in obesity development, but research on treatment options to tackle elevated stress levels in youth with obesity is scarce. The present study examined the impact of the Multidisciplinary Obesity Treatment (MOT; lifestyle intervention including physical exercise, healthy meals, and cognitive behavioral techniques) on physiological stress parameters in youth with obesity and assessed whether adding emotion regulation (ER) training on top of MOT is beneficial.

Methods: From an inpatient treatment center for obesity, 92 youngsters (mean [standard deviation] age = 12.

Self-control training supplementing inpatient multidisciplinary obesity treatment in children and adolescents.

Research points to self-control as a possible mechanism for facilitating health behaviour and weight loss. The dual pathway model underpins the role of strong bottom-up reactivity towards food and weak top-down executive functions in obesity. Despite flourishing lab studies on attention bias modification or inhibition trainings, relatively few focused on training both processes to improve self-control in children and adolescents in inpatient multidisciplinary obesity treatment (MOT).

The cortisol stress response in youth with overweight and obesity: Influence of psychosocial variables.

Background: Despite previous research pointing out a bifurcation in cortisol stress reactivity, it is not yet clear if all variables explaining inter-individual differences in stress responses are captured.

Objectives: To explore which (psychosocial and demographic) variables predict the cortisol response after a standardized stress-and affective state (SAS)-induction in youth with overweight and obesity.

Methods: As part of a randomized control trial (SRCTN83822934) investigating the effects of emotion regulation (ER)-training on top of a 10-month inpatient multidisciplinary obesity treatment, 79 children and adolescents (9-15 years) with moderate obesity (M adjusted BMI = 154.

The relationship between perceived stress and depressive symptoms in adolescents during high stress: The moderating role of emotion regulation.

Introduction: This study examined the moderating role of adaptive and maladaptive emotion regulation in the relationship between general perceived stress and depressive symptoms during the first coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown in March-April 2020 in Belgium, while controlling for past depressive symptoms in 2016.

Methods: Participants were 110 adolescents (55% female; Mage = 16, SDage = 1.80) who filled out different questionnaires assessing maladaptive and adaptive emotion regulation strategies (ERS), perceived stress, and depressive symptoms.

Emotion Regulation Moderates the Associations of Food Parenting and Adolescent Emotional Eating.

Objective: To explore parental feeding practices and eating behavior as predictors of the child's emotional eating (EE) and child's emotion regulation (ER) as a potential moderator.

Design: Parental eating behavior (emotional, external, and restrained eating), 9 parental feeding practices (restriction, food as reward, food as ER, monitoring, healthy modeling, healthy environment, child control, and child involvement), ER, and EE were analyzed cross-sectionally and 5 parental practices longitudinally (subsample, n = 115).

Setting: Belgium.

Go or no-go? An assessment of inhibitory control training using the GO/NO-GO task in adolescents.

Objective: Adolescence is a critical period for the onset of unhealthy eating habits. One important contributing factor is poor inhibitory control (IC), a cognitive skill that enables behavior regulation. IC training appears successful in countering unhealthy eating in adults, but evidence in adolescents is scarce.

A brief emotion regulation training in children and adolescents with obesity: A feasibility study.

Background: Recent studies emphasize the role of emotion dysregulation as an underlying mechanism initiating and maintaining emotional eating in obesity. Since multidisciplinary obesity treatment (MOT) does not directly address emotion regulation (ER), the current study aimed to investigate the feasibility of an ER training in children and adolescents with obesity on top of MOT. Feasibility was evaluated multi-informant on relevant parameters e.

Are Emotion Regulation Strategies Associated With Visual Attentional Breadth for Emotional Information in Youth?

Attentional deployment is currently considered as one of the most central mechanisms in emotion regulation (ER) as it is assumed to be a crucial first step in the selection of emotional information. According to the broaden-and-build theory, positive emotions are associated with attentional broadening and negative emotions with attentional narrowing toward emotional information. Given that ER strategies relying on attentional deployment (i.

Stress Responsiveness and Emotional Eating Depend on Youngsters' Chronic Stress Level and Overweight.

The persistent coexistence of stress and paediatric obesity involves interrelated psychophysiological mechanisms, which are believed to function as a vicious circle. Here, a key mechanistic role is assumed for stress responsiveness and eating behaviour. After a stress induction by the Trier Social Stress Test in youngsters ( = 137, 50.

A Dual-Pathway Perspective on Food Choices in Adolescents: The Role of Loss of Control Over Eating.

Introduction: One in three adolescents frequently consume unhealthy snacks, which is associated with negative developmental outcomes. To date, it remains unclear how intrapersonal factors account for food choices in adolescents. Guided by the dual-pathway model, the current study aimed to: (1) examine the joint contribution of inhibitory control and attentional bias in predicting unhealthy food choices in adolescents, and (2) determine whether this mechanism is more pronounced in adolescents who experience loss of control over eating (LOC).

Media influence components as predictors of children's body image and eating problems: A longitudinal study of boys and girls during middle childhood.

Body image problems are reported during middle childhood and are associated with exposure to appearance-focused media. This longitudinal study investigated the extent to which three media influence components, Awareness, Pressure, and Internalization of media ideals, predict body image and eating problems in children and whether gender moderates this effect. A total sample of N = 688 participants (46 % girls, aged 8-11 at T1) was studied.

Food for mood: Experimentally induced negative affect triggers loss of control over eating in adolescents with low inhibitory control.

Objective: Loss of control over eating (LOC) is common among adolescents and is associated with negative developmental outcomes. Low self-regulation, and specifically low inhibitory control, is increasingly emphasized as an underlying factor in LOC. However, the specific context in which these capacities fail remains unclear.

The Moderating Role of Emotion Regulation in the Association Between Stressors With Psychological and Biological Measures in Adolescence.

Objective: This study explored the role of emotion regulation (ER) as a moderator in the stressor-adjustment outcome relationship while identifying the relevant stressors.

Methods: In 214 adolescents (10-18 years; 51.4% boys), stressors (parent and peer relations, negative events), psychological outcomes (adolescent perceived stress, psychopathology symptoms, negative affect), and biological measures related to the stress response (hair cortisol [HC], heart rate variability [HRV]) as well as ER strategies-maladaptive (MalER), adaptive (AdER), and their ratio (Mal/AdER)-were measured and analyzed via linear regression, adjusted for age, sex, and socioeconomic status.

Multi-method evidence for a dual-pathway perspective of self-regulation in loss of control over eating among adolescents.

Objective: Dual-pathway models propose that loss of control over eating (LOC) is the result of an imbalance between weaker regulatory and stronger reactive processes. However, these processes are generally captured with only one assessment method, leading to mixed findings. Additionally, it is unclear whether regulatory difficulties are generic or food-specific.

Evidence for enhancing childhood obesity treatment from a dual-process perspective: A systematic literature review.

Impulsivity contributes to poor outcomes of existing childhood obesity treatments. Conceptualised within dual-process models, this self-regulation failure reflects the operation of strong automatic processing (heightened food responsivity) and/or weak regulatory processing (poor self-control). This systematic literature review examined the evidence for the self-regulation failure hypothesis from a dual-process models perspective to evaluate its potential for enhancing childhood obesity treatment.

Emotion regulation training in the treatment of obesity in young adolescents: protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The prevalence rates of childhood obesity are increasing. The current multidisciplinary treatments for (childhood) obesity are effective but only moderately and in the short term. A possible explanation for the onset and maintenance of childhood obesity is that it reflects a maladaptive mechanism for regulating high levels of stress and emotions.

The interplay between self-regulation and affectivity in binge eating among adolescents.

Binge eating among adolescents is associated with negative developmental outcomes. From a cognitive perspective, the role of impaired self-regulation is increasingly emphasized as an underlying factor in binge eating, whereas the affect regulation model proposes that affectivity is a key factor in explaining binge eating. Studies combining both perspectives are scarce, but necessary to add to the understanding of this pathological eating behavior.

Stress and Eating Behavior: A Daily Diary Study in Youngsters.

Overweight and obesity are growing problems, with more attention recently, to the role of stress in the starting and maintaining process of these clinical problems. However, the mechanisms are not yet known and well-understood; and ecological momentary analyses like the daily variations between stress and eating are far less studied. Emotional eating is highly prevalent and is assumed to be an important mechanism, as a maladaptive emotion regulation (ER) strategy, in starting and maintaining the vicious cycle of (pediatric) obesity.