Birth weight for gestational age, recovery of growth and anthropometric profile of pre-school children born full term: a follow-up study.

Introduction: Being born small for gestational age (SGA) implies an increase in the childhood morbidity and mortality rates, in addition to being related to changes in the pattern of growth and body composition, which may be associated with the development of risk factors linked to metabolic diseases. Aim of the study: To describe the development of anthropomorphic indicators of children born at full term, small (SGA) or appropriate for gestational age (AGA), up to the sixth month of life, and again when they reached school-age.

Material And Methods: This was a prospective cohort study, with 31 children (19 SGA, and 12 AGA), recruited in public maternity hospitals.

Comparison of yogurt, soybean, casein, and amino acid-based diets in children with persistent diarrhea.

Although previous studies have shown successful treatment of persistent diarrhea (PD) with the use of yogurt-based diets, some recent ones speculate the need of special formulas for the nutritional management of PD complicated cases. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that the consumption of 3 lactose-free diets, with different degrees of complexity, is associated with lower stool output and shorter duration of diarrhea when compared with the use of a yogurt-based one on the nutritional management of PD. A total of 154 male infants, aged between 1 and 30 months, with PD and with or without dehydration, were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatment groups.

Controlled, double-blind, randomized clinical trial to evaluate the impact of fruit juice consumption on the evolution of infants with acute diarrhea.

In order to assess the effects of juice feedings during acute diarrhea a double-blind, randomized study was performed in 90 children, mean age of 10 +/- 4.28 months. Thirty patients with acute diarrhea were fed twice-daily 15 ml/kg of Apple Juice (AJ), 30 received White Grape Juice (WGJ), and 30 were given colored and flavored water (WA) as part of their age appropriate dietary intake.

Carbohydrate malabsorption may increase daily energy requirements in infants.

Objective: Carbohydrate malabsorption in infants has been found to increase nutrient losses. However, the effect of this alteration on daily metabolic rate is unknown. We assessed daily metabolic rates in infants with asymptomatic carbohydrate malabsorption (ACM) after a single fruit juice load.

Daily metabolic rate in healthy infants.

Background: Previous estimates of daily metabolic rate in infants were based on short-term unstandardized measurements of energy expenditure (EE).

Objective: Determine 24-hour metabolic profiles in infants.

Methods: Energy expenditure (kcal/min by indirect calorimetry) and physical activity (oscillations in weight/min/kg body weight) were measured in 10 healthy infants (5.

Limitations of probiotic therapy in acute, severe dehydrating diarrhea.

Background: Recent studies have shown that probiotics, most commonly, may be useful in treating acute gastroenteritis. However, beneficial effects appear to be limited to a modest decrease in the duration of diarrhea. No studies have evaluated this therapy in moderate to severe dehydrating diarrhea in a metabolic facility.

New equations for calculating the components of energy expenditure in infants.

Objectives: To derive new equations for 24-hour energy expenditure (24-h EE; kcal/d) and resting (RMR; kcal/d) and sleeping metabolic rates (SMR; kcal/d) in young infants by using the Enhanced Metabolic Testing Activity Chamber (EMTAC).

Methods: Data from 50 (25 male/25 female) healthy normally growing infants (4.9 +/- 1.