Retrospective longitudinal study on the long-term impact of COVID-19 infection on polysomnographic evaluation in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome.

Background: To evaluate the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on polysomnographic evaluation in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS).

Patients And Methods: A retrospective cohort study of two consecutive overnight polysomnograms (PSG) in 92 PWS patients (mean age 9.1, range 3.

Similarities and Differences in Diurnal Salivary Adrenal Hormones in Monozygotic Twins with Discordant Birthweight.

Introduction: Dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate is increased in formerly small-for-gestational age singletons and in smaller twins compared to their normal-weight co-twin. Less is known concerning other adrenal hormones. We compared diurnal salivary profiles in monozygotic twins with intra-twin birthweight (bw) differences to analyse the long-term impact of bw and persistent intra-twin auxological differences on various adrenal hormones.

Behavior and circadian glucocorticoids in prepubertal monozygotic twins with birthweight differences: A prospective longitudinal cohort study on twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome patients.

Background/objective: Low birthweight may have adverse sequelae in later life. Therefore, we analyzed behavioral difficulties and salivary glucocorticoid profiles in monozygotic twins with intra-twin birthweight differences due to twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS).

Methods: 46 monozygotic TTTS twin pairs with birthweight differences of <1SDS (concordant; n=29) and ≥1SDS (discordant; n=17) were recruited at a mean age of 6.

Salivary Diurnal Glucocorticoid Profiles in Monozygotic Twins With Intratwin Birthweight Differences.

Context: Low birthweight (bw) and unfavorable intrauterine conditions have been associated with metabolic sequelae in later life, but little is known about their impact on glucocorticoid metabolism.

Objective: We studied monozygotic twins with intratwin bw differences to analyze the long-term impact of bw on glucocorticoid metabolism.

Methods: 46 monozygotic twin pairs with bw differences of <1 SDS (concordant; n = 29) and ≥1 SDS (discordant; n = 17) were recruited.

[Management of Tracheobronchial Stenoses].

Tracheobronchial stenoses consist of a spectrum of conditions that may result in focal or diffuse narrowing of the trachea or downstream bronchial system. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the most commonly encountered conditions in terms of diagnosis and therapeutic options as well as the associated challenges for practitioners.

Effects of COVID-19 Lockdown on Weight, Body Composition, and Behavior of Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults with Prader-Willi Syndrome.

To reduce transmission of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), many countries implemented lockdowns, causing the closure of childcare services. This study was designed to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown in March-April 2020 on children, adolescents, and young adults with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) living in Germany. We recruited 180 participants with a genetically confirmed PWS.

Birthweight Differences in Adolescent Monozygotic Twins Influence Androgens, Psychological Morbidity, and Health-Related Quality of Life.

Background: Adverse prenatal conditions can exert a long-lasting impact in later life.

Patients And Methods: Thirty-eight post-pubertal monozygotic twin pairs (16 female pairs) with divergent birthweight (bw) due to twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome were examined at a median of 15.1 years.

Cerebral MRI and Clinical Findings in Children with Hamartoma Tumor Syndrome: Can Cerebral MRI Scan Help to Establish an Earlier Diagnosis of PHTS in Children?

Background: Hamartoma Tumor Syndrome (PHTS) is caused by germline autosomal-dominant mutations of the tumor suppressor gene . Subjects harbour an increased risk for tumor development, with thyroid carcinoma occurring in young children. Establishing a diagnosis is challenging, since not all children fulfill diagnostic criteria established for adults.

IGF-I in cord blood is predictive of final height in monozygotic twins with intra-twin birth weight differences.

Objective: Adverse prenatal conditions can exert a long-lasting impact on growth up to final height (FH). Due to different prenatal nutrient availability, monozygotic twin pairs with discordant birth weight (bw) provide an excellent model to examine the impact of genes and environment and to analyse the predictive value of bw, birth length (bl) and cord blood (cb) concentration of IGF-I on FH.

Patients And Methods: Twenty eight monozygotic twin pairs with intra-twin bw-/bl-differences were studied at birth and longitudinally until FH.

Prognostic factors of oligometastatic non-small-cell lung cancer following radical therapy: a multicentre analysis.

Objectives: Patients with oligometastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) may benefit from therapy with curative intent. Our goal was to identify prognostic factors related to better prognosis in a multicentre analysis of patients who underwent surgery of primary tumours in combination with radical treatment of all metastatic sites.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of oligometastatic patients who underwent resection of primary tumours at 4 centres (August 2001-February 2018).

Monozygotic Twins with Birth-Weight Differences: Metabolic Health Influenced more by Genetics or by Environment?

Background: Low birth-weight (bw), low birth-length (bl), unfavourable intrauterine conditions and post-natal catch-up growth can have an impact on growth and metabolic health later in life.

Objective: We studied genetically identical twins with intra-twin bw-differences due to twin-twin transfusion syndrome from birth to adolescence and analysed the long-term impact of bw and catch-up growth on metabolic parameters.

Subjects And Methods: Forty-three postpubertal monozygotic twin-pairs (mean age 17.

Exploiting the diversity of streptococcal hyaluronan synthases for the production of molecular weight-tailored hyaluronan.

The molecular weight (Mw) of hyaluronic acid (HA) determines its suitability for medical and cosmetic applications. Here, we characterize in vitro and in vivo HA synthesis of streptococcal HA synthases (HASs) with a special focus on HA Mw. To date, four streptococcal HA producers are described (Streptococcus equi subsp.

Thyroid Function in Monozygotic Twins with Intra-twin Birth Weight Differences: A Prospective Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Objective: To analyze the long-term impact of birth weight (BW) on thyroid function in genetically identical twins with intra-twin BW differences from birth to adolescence.

Study Design: In total, 52 monozygotic twin pairs underwent at least one analysis of thyroid function at mean ages of 10.1 years (27 pairs), 15.

Pathways Impacted by Genomic Alterations in Pulmonary Carcinoid Tumors.

Pulmonary carcinoid tumors account for up to 5% of all lung malignancies in adults, comprise 30% of all carcinoid malignancies, and are defined histologically as typical carcinoid (TC) and atypical carcinoid (AC) tumors. The role of specific genomic alterations in the pathogenesis of pulmonary carcinoid tumors remains poorly understood. We sought to identify genomic alterations and pathways that are deregulated in these tumors to find novel therapeutic targets for pulmonary carcinoid tumors.

Birthweight Differences in Monozygotic Twins Influence Pubertal Maturation and Near Final Height.

Objective: To evaluate the influence of unfavorable intrauterine conditions and catch-up growth, we analyzed growth and pubertal maturation in monozygotic twins with significant intra-twin birthweight differences.

Study Design: Prospective longitudinal clinical study of 30 twin pairs at birth, prepubertally at ages 2.1, 4.

Comparison of coagulation factor XIII content and concentration in cryoprecipitate and fresh-frozen plasma.

Background: For patients with plasma coagulation factor XIII (pFXIII) deficiency, recommended means of replacement include infusions of fresh-frozen plasma (FFP), cryoprecipitate, or (where available) factor (F)XIII concentrates. Quantitative differences in pFXIII concentration in FFP and cryoprecipitate are not well defined and were, therefore, the subject of this study.

Study Design And Methods: FFP and cryoprecipitate (10 bags each from blood group O donors) were analyzed to quantify pFXIII activity and antigen.