Specialized multimodal outpatient treatment for children with chronic pain: treatment pathways and long-term outcome.

Objective: Despite the increased recognition of paediatric chronic pain, centres for providing appropriate treatment are scarce, and much remains unknown about optimal treatment approaches. The purpose of this study was to investigate effectiveness of multimodal outpatient treatment (MOT) through the examination of treatment pathways and long-term outcomes.

Methods: Within an observational longitudinal study, 275 children (4-18years) formed the study group and received MOT.

Parental catastrophizing about their child's chronic pain: are mothers and fathers different?

Preliminary evidence suggests that parental catastrophizing about their child's pain may be important in understanding both parental responses to their child's pain and the child's pain experience. However, little is known about potential differences between mothers and fathers. There were three aims of the present study addressing this lack of knowledge: (i) to investigate the three-factor structure of the German version of the Parental Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS-P) (Goubert et al.

The pain provocation technique for adolescents with chronic pain: preliminary evidence for its effectiveness.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of the "pain provocation technique" (PPT)--a focused treatment strategy incorporating interoceptive exposure (i.e., imagining increases in pain intensity), bilateral stimulation (tactile stimulation), and implementation of pain-related coping to decrease pain intensity--for adolescents suffering from chronic pain.