Reduced and highly diverse peripheral HIV-1 reservoir in virally suppressed patients infected with non-B HIV-1 strains in Uganda.

Background: Our understanding of the peripheral human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reservoir is strongly biased towards subtype B HIV-1 strains, with only limited information available from patients infected with non-B HIV-1 subtypes, which are the predominant viruses seen in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) in Africa and Asia.

Results: In this study, blood samples were obtained from well-suppressed ART-experienced HIV-1 patients monitored in Uganda (n = 62) or the U.S.

Higher sequence diversity in the vaginal tract than in blood at early HIV-1 infection.

In the majority of cases, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is transmitted through sexual intercourse. A single founder virus in the blood of the newly infected donor emerges from a genetic bottleneck, while in rarer instances multiple viruses are responsible for systemic infection. We sought to characterize the sequence diversity at early infection, between two distinct anatomical sites; the female reproductive tract vs.

Infecting HIV-1 Subtype Predicts Disease Progression in Women of Sub-Saharan Africa.

Introduction: Long-term natural history cohorts of HIV-1 in the absence of treatment provide the best measure of virulence by different viral subtypes.

Methods: Newly HIV infected Ugandan and Zimbabwean women (N=303) were recruited and monitored for clinical, social, behavioral, immunological and viral parameters for 3 to 9.5years.

Hormonal contraceptive use and discontinuation among HIV-infected women in Uganda and Zimbabwe.

Background: Hormonal contraception (HC) use by HIV-infected women has been identified by the World Health Organization as an important strategy for reducing vertical HIV transmission. Little is known about the factors associated with HC discontinuation among HIV-infected women.

Methods: We analyzed data from a prospective study of HC use among 231 HIV-infected users with oral contraceptive (OC) or injectable depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) in Uganda and Zimbabwe.

Oropharyngeal colonization by Streptococcus pneumoniae among HIV-infected adults in Uganda: assessing prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility.

Objectives: To evaluate characteristics of Streptococcus pneumoniae associated with oropharyngeal colonization in the Ugandan adult HIV population.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study at the outpatient HIV clinic at the Joint Clinical Research Centre in Kampala, Uganda between July 2004 and February 2005. Six hundred HIV-infected individuals were interviewed and had oropharyngeal specimens collected.