Validity of Accelerometer-Based Sensor System for Muscle Tightness Estimation through Vibration on the Upper Limb.

Spasticity is a condition that profoundly impacts the ability to perform everyday tasks. However, its diagnosis requires trained physicians and subjective evaluations that may vary depending on the evaluator. Focal vibration of spastic muscles has been proposed as a non-invasive, pain-free alternative for spasticity modulation.

Imidacloprid Induces Histopathological Damage in the Midgut, Ovary, and Spermathecal Stored Spermatozoa of Queens After Chronic Colony Exposure.

Bee colony health is declining as a result of several factors, including exposure to pesticides. The development and strength of honey bee colonies depend on the reproductive success of queen bees. Because flowers are sources of food for bees, foragers can accidentally collect and carry contaminated pollen and nectar to their hives; and this may compromise the longevity and the life span of individuals.

Antioxidant nanomedicine with cytoplasmic distribution in neuronal cells shows superior neurovascular protection properties.

This study investigated whether nitroxide radical (4-amino-TEMPOL)-containing nanoparticles (RNPs; antioxidant nanomedicine) can prevent neurovascular unit impairment caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. C57BL/6J mice underwent transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). The mice were randomly divided and administered intra-arterial RNPs injection (9 mg/kg, 7 μM/kg), edaravone (3 mg/kg, 17 μM/kg), or phosphate-buffered saline (control group).

Novel neuroprotection using antioxidant nanoparticles in a mouse model of head trauma.

Introduction: Free radicals and reactive oxygen species are related to deteriorating pathological conditions after head trauma because of their secondary effects. 2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) scavenges free radicals; however, this molecule is also toxic. Here, we have evaluated the neuroprotective effect of antioxidant nanoparticles, which consisted of a novel core-shell type nanoparticle containing 4-amino-TEMPO, that is, redox-active nitroxide radical-containing nanoparticles (RNPs).

Encapsulation of tissue plasminogen activator in pH-sensitive self-assembled antioxidant nanoparticles for ischemic stroke treatment - Synergistic effect of thrombolysis and antioxidant.

The medical treatment for stroke has advanced greatly in recent years. Thrombolytic therapy with tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) is one of the mainstream treatments, but it still has many problems, including short half-life, and t-PA-induced reperfusion and oxidative injuries. To broaden the therapeutic window of t-PA and reduce its associated oxidative stress after reperfusion, t-PA-installed, nitroxide radical-containing, self-assembled polyion complex nanoparticles (t-PA@iRNP) were designed.

Reshaping of Bilateral Gait Coordination in Hemiparetic Stroke Patients After Early Robotic Intervention.

Hemiparetic gait is a common condition after stroke which alters importantly the quality of life of stroke survivors. In recent years, several robotic interventions have been developed to support and enhance rehabilitation strategies for such population. The Hybrid Assistive Limb (HAL) robot suit is a unique device able to collect in real time bioelectric signals from the patient to support and enhance voluntary gait.

Preliminary magnetofection data using magnetic calcium phosphate nanoparticles immobilizing DNA and iron oxide nanocrystals.

The data reported herein are in association with our research article entitled "Rapid one-pot fabrication of magnetic calcium phosphate nanoparticles immobilizing DNA and iron oxide nanocrystals using injection solutions for magnetofection and magnetic targeting" (Shubhra et al. 2017) [1]. This article reports morphological and gene delivery ( and preliminary ) data of those calcium phosphate (CaP) naonparticles (NPs) with various iron oxide (IO) contents, named as CaP-Fe(1), CaP-Fe(2), CaP-Fe(3), CaP-Fe(4), and CaP-Fe(5), which were prepared coprecipitation in supersaturated CaP solutions with nominal Fe concentrations 6.

Reshaping of Gait Coordination by Robotic Intervention in Myelopathy Patients After Surgery.

The Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament (OPLL) is an idiopathic degenerative spinal disease which may cause motor deficit. For patients presenting myelopathy or severe stenosis, surgical decompression is the treatment of choice; however, despite adequate decompression residual motor impairment is found in some cases. After surgery, there is no therapeutic approach available for this population.

Neurovascular Unit Protection From Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Radical-Containing Nanoparticles in Mice.

Background And Purpose: Reperfusion therapy by mechanical thrombectomy is used to treat acute ischemic stroke. However, reactive oxygen species generation after reperfusion therapy causes cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, which aggravates cerebral infarction. There is limited evidence for clinical efficacy in stroke for antioxidants.

Transgenic Monkey Model of the Polyglutamine Diseases Recapitulating Progressive Neurological Symptoms.

Age-associated neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and the polyglutamine (polyQ) diseases, are becoming prevalent as a consequence of elongation of the human lifespan. Although various rodent models have been developed to study and overcome these diseases, they have limitations in their translational research utility owing to differences from humans in brain structure and function and in drug metabolism. Here, we generated a transgenic marmoset model of the polyQ diseases, showing progressive neurological symptoms including motor impairment.

Transplanted microvascular endothelial cells promote oligodendrocyte precursor cell survival in ischemic demyelinating lesions.

We previously showed that transplantation of brain microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs) greatly stimulated remyelination in the white matter infarct of the internal capsule (IC) induced by endothelin-1 injection and improved the behavioral outcome. In the present study, we examined the effect of MVEC transplantation on the infarct volume using intermittent magnetic resonance image and on the behavior of oligodendrocyte lineage cells histochemically. Our results in vivo show that MVEC transplantation reduced the infarct volume in IC and apoptotic death of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs).

Brain microvascular endothelial cell transplantation ameliorates ischemic white matter damage.

Ischemic insults affecting the internal capsule result in sensory-motor disabilities which adversely affect the patient's life. Cerebral endothelial cells have been reported to exert a protective effect against brain damage, so the transplantation of healthy endothelial cells might have a beneficial effect on the outcome of ischemic brain damage. In this study, endothelin-1 (ET-1) was injected into the rat internal capsule to induce lacunar infarction.

Cerebral capillary endothelial cells are covered by the VEGF-expressing foot processes of astrocytes.

Molecules that have crucial functions in both nervous and vascular systems have attracted keen attention recently, and the name "angioneurins" has been proposed. The most striking example of angioneurins is vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF), which was originally identified as a key regulator of angiogenesis and has only recently been found to have important functions in the nervous system. In this study, we compared VEGF expression in the vasculature in the brain with that in the aorta and the vasculature in the kidney in mice.

Experimental investigation of encephalomyosynangiosis using gyrencephalic brain of the miniature pig: histopathological evaluation of dynamic reconstruction of vessels for functional anastomosis. Laboratory investigation.

Object: Encephalomyosynangiosis (EMS) is a surgical treatment for moyamoya disease that is widely used to provide increased intracranial blood flow via revascularization by arterial anastomosis from the external carotid artery. However, the angiogenic mechanism responsible for the revascularization induced by EMS has not been systematically evaluated. In this study the authors investigated the chronological angiogenic changes associated with EMS to clarify the favorable factors and identify revascularization mechanisms by using an experimental internal carotid artery occlusion (ICAO) model in the miniature pig.

Experimental model of lacunar infarction in the gyrencephalic brain of the miniature pig: neurological assessment and histological, immunohistochemical, and physiological evaluation of dynamic corticospinal tract deformation.

Background And Purpose: Lacunar infarction accounts for 25% of ischemic strokes, but the pathological characteristics have not been investigated systematically. A new experimental model of lacunar infarction in the miniature pig was developed to investigate the pathophysiological changes in the corticospinal tract from the acute to chronic phases.

Methods: Thirty-five miniature pigs underwent transcranial surgery for permanent anterior choroidal artery occlusion.