Afatinib-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis: A case report with a literature review.

We present a 70-year-old female patient diagnosed with epidermal growth factor receptor-mutated metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (T4N2M1a), who developed afatinib-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). We have also performed a PubMed/Medline literature review to detect other possible cases of TEN/Stevens-Johnson syndrome associated with afatinib treatment and found only 5 other cases reported. To our best knowledge, this is the first case of afatinib-induced TEN successfully treated with cyclosporine.

Dermatologist-like explainable AI enhances trust and confidence in diagnosing melanoma.

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems have been shown to help dermatologists diagnose melanoma more accurately, however they lack transparency, hindering user acceptance. Explainable AI (XAI) methods can help to increase transparency, yet often lack precise, domain-specific explanations. Moreover, the impact of XAI methods on dermatologists' decisions has not yet been evaluated.

Biologic and Targeted Therapy in the Treatment of Psoriasis - A Retrospective Study from a National Referral Center.

Psoriasis is one of the most common chronic inflammatory skin disorders worldwide with a significant number of patients suffering from moderate to severe disease and requiring systemic therapy. Over the past two decades, better knowledge of disease pathophysiology has translated into treatment advances for both primary disease and its associated comorbidities. However, it is important to review the use of biologic or targeted therapy in a clinical setting in order to understand how to optimize therapeutic results and recognize any unmet needs in this patient subpopulation.

Indoor balneophototherapy for chronic plaque psoriasis: Abridged Cochrane Review.

Artificial exposure to ultraviolet B light (UVB) while soaking in an indoor salt bath, also called balneophototherapy, could simulate the natural exposure to the sun while bathing in the Dead Sea. We aimed to assess the effects of this intervention on patients with chronic plaque psoriasis. We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, and LILACS up to June 2019.

Fusion partners of NTRK3 affect subcellular localization of the fusion kinase and cytomorphology of melanocytes.

A subset of Spitz tumors harbor fusions of NTRK3 with ETV6, MYO5A, and MYH9. We evaluated a series of 22 melanocytic tumors in which an NTRK3 fusion was identified as part of the diagnostic workup. Tumors in which NTRK3 was fused to ETV6 occurred in younger patients were predominantly composed of epithelioid melanocytes and were classified by their histopathologic features as Spitz tumors.

Indoor salt water baths followed by artificial ultraviolet B light for chronic plaque psoriasis.

Background: Chronic plaque psoriasis is an immune-mediated, chronic, inflammatory skin disease, which can impair quality of life and social interaction. Disease severity can be classified by the psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) score ranging from 0 to 72 points. Indoor artificial salt bath with or without artificial ultraviolet B (UVB) light is used to treat psoriasis, simulating sea bathing and sunlight exposure; however, the evidence base needs clear evaluation.

Smell and taste in titanium and nickel allergic sensitization in orthodontic patients.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of allergic sensitization to titanium and nickel in orthodontic patients and to evaluate alterations of smell and taste.

Subjects And Methods: A total of 250 subjects were invited to participate, 245 accepted. The age range was 11-45 years, 68% were females and 52% adolescents.

Spitz melanoma is a distinct subset of spitzoid melanoma.

Melanomas that have histopathologic features that overlap with those of Spitz nevus are referred to as spitzoid melanomas. However, the diagnostic concept is used inconsistently and genomic analyses suggest it is a heterogeneous category. Spitz tumors, the spectrum of melanocytic neoplasms extending from Spitz nevi to their malignant counterpart Spitz melanoma, are defined in the 2018 WHO classification of skin tumors by the presence of specific genetic alterations, such as kinase fusions or HRAS mutations.

Early laser intervention to reduce scar formation in wound healing by primary intention: A systematic review.

Background: Hypertrophic scars frequently follow primary closure of surgical wounds. Laser application at or shortly after suture may be associated with a reduction in scar formation, although the respective study results vary.

Aim: The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of early laser applied within the first six months after surgery to reduce scar formation compared to no treatment.

Interventions for pityriasis rosea.

Background: Pityriasis rosea is a scaly, itchy rash that mainly affects young adults and lasts for 2 to 12 weeks. The effects of many available treatments are uncertain. This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in 2007.

Autologous platelet-rich plasma therapy for pattern hair loss: A systematic review.

Background: Androgenetic alopecia (male pattern and female pattern hair loss) is characterized by thinning of the scalp hair. Intradermal injection of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) might have an effect on hair regrowth.

Aims: The aim was to evaluate efficacy and safety of platelet-rich plasma compared to placebo or no treatment in people with pattern hair loss.

Distinguishing histopathologic features of acantholytic dermatoses and the pattern of acantholytic hypergranulosis.

Background: Acantholysis can be seen in multiple skin diseases. Adnexal acantholysis has been regarded as a feature distinguishing pemphigus vulgaris (PV) from acantholytic conditions.

Methods: A retrospective review of the histopathologic features of diseases with acantholysis including PV, pemphigus foliaceus (PF), Hailey-Hailey disease (HHD), Darier disease (DD), Grover disease, and pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP) was performed.

Tumor Necrosis Factor Antagonists in the Treatment of Pyoderma Gangrenosum, Acne, and Suppurative Hidradenitis (PASH) Syndrome.

The clinical triad of pyoderma gangrenosum (PG), acne and suppurative hidradenitis (HS) has been described under the acronym PASH syndrome and is considered to represent a distinct entity in the group of autoinflammatory diseases. It is a fairly new, only recently recognized disorder with a limited number of reported cases and without defined treatment recommendations. We aimed to summarize currently available data on the use of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists in the management of PASH syndrome and report on our own experience with the use of adalimumab in a patient presenting with this specific constellation of clinical signs and symptoms.

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes as a potential brake of keratinocyte proliferation in psoriasis.

Psoriasis is a chronic papulosquamous skin disease, histologically characterized by epidermal hyperproliferation and dermal infiltration of inflammatory cells. The majority of T lymphocytes infiltrating dermis are CD4+ T lymphocytes secreting type 1 and type 17 cytokines. These cytokines are responsible for triggering keratinocyte proliferation as well as chemokine secretion and subsequent migration of other inflammatory cells in the skin.

Negative and positive life experiences in patients with psoriatic arthritis.

Recent data suggest that childhood and adulthood stressors may play a significant role in the development of an autoimmune disease. The present study explores the relationship between psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and positive and negative life events during childhood and adulthood in psoriatic patients. Forty-five patients with psoriatic arthritis and 101 controls (patients with skin conditions considered to be "non-psychosomatic") were enrolled in the study.

Expression of TWEAK in normal human skin, dermatitis and epidermal neoplasms: association with proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes.

Background: Tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory pathologies and cancer. We aimed to investigate its expression in normal human skin, inflammatory skin diseases and epidermal neoplasms.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry for TWEAK was performed in samples of healthy skin, plaque psoriasis, lichen planus, prurigo nodularis, discoid lupus erythematosus, lichen sclerosus, seborrheic keratosis, common warts, actinic keratosis, Bowen's disease, keratoacanthoma and basal and squamous cell carcinoma.

[The role of perforin mediated cell cytotoxicity in psoriasis].

Psoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by hyperproliferation and incomplete differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes as well as by inflammatory infiltrate of T-lymphocytes in dermis and epidermis. Psoriasis is nowadays also recognized as a T cell mediated disease resulting from aberrant activation of both innate and adaptive immunity. The main effector cells in mediating psoriatic phenotype are helper CD4+ T cells and cytotoxic CD8+ T cells.

Increased expression of TRAIL and its death receptors DR4 and DR5 in plaque psoriasis.

TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is recognized as an important regulator of immune responses during infections and various autoimmune-mediated pathologies. Its role in inflammatory dermatoses is largely unknown. We aimed to investigate the expression of TRAIL and its receptors DR4 and DR5 in psoriasis vulgaris.

Childhood and adulthood traumatic experiences in patients with psoriasis.

It is well known that several psychiatric disorders may be related to childhood psychological trauma. Recent studies have associated childhood exposure to trauma to some skin diseases. Our study aimed at exploring whether psoriasis is related to the reported positive and negative traumatic life events in different age intervals beginning from early childhood to adulthood.

Treatment of severe psoriasis with infliximab: report of two cases.

Infliximab is an anti-tumor necrosis factor-monoclonal antibody shown to be effective in the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. We report on the first two patients in Croatia in which the efficacy of infliximab therapy was monitored and evaluated primarily on the basis of cutaneous manifestations of psoriasis. Both patients had severe, treatment-resistant chronic plaque psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis and were on methotrexate therapy before the initiation and throughout the course of infliximab treatment.

The role of CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes and macrophages in psoriasis vulgaris.

Current knowledge of the immunopathogenesis of psoriasis vulgaris is based on the crucial role of CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes. Also, the connection of activated lymphocytes with macrophages, especially dendritic cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells, is considered to be significant. In the present study, the expression of CD4+ lymphocytes as well as CD8+ lymphocytes (P < 0.