Consumption of Deep-Fried Food and Its Association with Cardiovascular Risk Factors among First-Year Students in a Chilean University.

The increase in the consumption of deep-fried foods (DFFs) from street vendors in Chile affects body weight and health. However, the actual consumption frequency of these types of foods by population and their relationship with cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) is unknown. The consumption frequency of eight DFFs sold in street vendors was obtained through a questionnaire.

Uptake of microalgae as sublethal biomarker reveals phototoxicity of oxytetracycline to the crustacean Daphnia magna.

Antibiotics are considered emerging pollutants as their presence in the environment is increasingly common. Although their environmental concentrations are generally low, they can pose risk to organisms through bioaccumulation, causing sublethal effects. Furthermore, solar radiation can trigger reactions in certain compounds after their accumulation within organisms or in the environment.

Application of Chitosan and Chondroitin Sulphate Aerogels in a Patient With Diabetes With an Open Forefoot Transmetatarsal Amputation.

Introduction: Diabetic foot ulcers may lead to nontraumatic amputations of the foot, leading to a decrease in patient quality of life. Transmetatarsal amputations (TMAs) represent an effective surgical procedure in cases of severe foot infection, but the tissue reconstruction is complicated and additional procedures should be considered. The present case report evaluates the wound closure of an open TMA in a patient with diabetes treated with a new aerogel composed of chitosan (ChS) and chondroitin sulphate (CS), without needing a skin graft.

Ionic Nanocomplexes of Hyaluronic Acid and Polyarginine to Form Solid Materials: A Green Methodology to Obtain Sponges with Biomedical Potential.

We report on the design, development, characterization, and a preliminary cellular evaluation of a novel solid material. This material is composed of low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (LMWHA) and polyarginine (PArg), which generate aqueous ionic nanocomplexes (INC) that are then freeze-dried to create the final product. Different ratios of LMWHA/PArg were selected to elaborate INC, the size and zeta potential of which ranged from 100 to 200 nm and +25 to -43 mV, respectively.

Aerogels made of chitosan and chondroitin sulfate at high degree of neutralization: Biological properties toward wound healing.

In this study, highly neutralized, highly porous, and ultralight polymeric aerogels prepared from aqueous colloidal suspensions of chitosan (CS) and chondroitin sulfate (ChS) nanocomplexes, formulated as quasi-equimolar amounts of both, are described. These aerogels were designed as healing agents under the inspiration of minimizing the amount of matter applied to wounds, reducing the electrostatic potential of the material and avoiding covalent cross-linkers in order to decrease metabolic stress over wounds. Aerogels synthesized under these criteria are biocompatible and provide specific properties for the induction of wound healing.

Dispersion of the Photosensitizer 5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(4-Sulfonatophenyl)-porphyrin by the Amphiphilic Polymer Poly(vinylpirrolidone) in Highly Porous Solid Materials Designed for Photodynamic Therapy.

The ability of the amphiphilic and biocompatible poly(vinylpyrrolidone) to avoid self-aggregation of the photosensitizer 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin in aqueous solution in the presence of the biocompatible polycation chitosan, polymer that induces the dye self-aggregation, is shown. This is related to the tendency of the dye to undergo preferential solvation by the amphiphilic polymer. Importantly, the dispersant ability of this polymer is transferred to the solid state.

A Simple Mathematical Model for Wound Closure Evaluation.

The incidence of ulcers associated to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) increases every year. We introduce and explore a new mathematical algorithm to evaluate wound-healing in foot ulcers associated to T2DM. Fifteen patients (nine women and six men), mean age of 70 ± 16 years were included.

Activation of Notch1 synergizes with multiple pathways in promoting castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is the primary cause of prostate cancer-specific mortality. Defining new mechanisms that can predict recurrence and drive lethal CRPC is critical. Here, we demonstrate that localized high-risk prostate cancer and metastatic CRPC, but not benign prostate tissues or low/intermediate-risk prostate cancer, express high levels of nuclear Notch homolog 1, translocation-associated (Notch1) receptor intracellular domain.

Relevance of charge balance and hyaluronic acid on alginate-chitosan sponge microstructure and its influence on fibroblast growth.

The study of biomaterials by electrical charge scaling to explore the role of net charge on biocompatibility and suitability for tissue regeneration has been limited as has the search for products that could improve this first-rate variable. In the present study, we prepared sponges composed of chitosan/alginate (CS/ALG) with or without hyaluronic acid (HA) by mixing polymer stock solutions of different net electric charge ratios (n(+/) n(-) ), and then lyophilizing them to obtain porous materials. The electric charge ratios n(+/) n(-) studied were 0.

Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Wounds.

The treatment of skin wounds represents an important research area due to the important physiological and aesthetic role of this tissue. During the last years, nanoparticles have emerged as important platforms to treat skin wounds. Silver, gold, and copper nanoparticles, as well as titanium and zinc oxide nanoparticles, have shown potential therapeutic effects on wound healing.

Determination of Oxytetracycline from Salmon Muscle and Skin by Derivative Spectrophotometry.

A method was developed for the identification and quantification of oxytetracycline residues present in salmon muscle and skin using UV-Vis derivative spectrophotometry. With this method, it was possible to reduce the number of steps in the procedure typically required for instrumental analysis of a sample. The spectral variables, order of the derivative, scale factor, smoothing factor, and analytical wavelength were optimized using standard solutions of oxytetracycline dissolved in 900 mg/L oxalic acid in methanol.

Association efficiency of three ionic forms of oxytetracycline to cationic and anionic oil-in-water nanoemulsions analyzed by diafiltration.

The association efficiency of oxytetracycline (OTC) to pharmaceutical available, ionic oil-in-water nanoemulsions is studied. Theoretical mathematical developments allowed us to differentiate by diafiltration (DF) between thermodynamically and kinetically controlled binding of the drug to the nanoemulsions, and relate these important magnitudes to the association efficiency. The nanoemulsions have been prepared by the solvent displacement technique in the presence of cationic and anionic surfactants.

Therapeutic potential of a low-cost device for wound healing: a study of three cases of healing after lower-extremity amputation in patients with diabetes.

Diabetic foot ulcers constitute a tremendous challenge for patients, caregivers, and health care systems. The high incidence and high financial costs associated with their treatment have transformed them in a health and economic worldwide problem. The increase in population life expectancy and lifestyle changes have facilitated the spreading of diabetes, rising diabetic foot ulcer incidence.

The transcription factor SlAREB1 confers drought, salt stress tolerance and regulates biotic and abiotic stress-related genes in tomato.

Members of the abscisic acid-responsive element binding protein (AREB)/abscisic acid-responsive element binding factor (ABF) subfamily of basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors have been implicated in abscisic acid (ABA) and abiotic stress responses in plants. Here we describe two members identified in cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), named SlAREB1 and SlAREB2. Expression of SlAREB1 and SlAREB2 is induced by drought and salinity in both leaves and root tissues, although that of SlAREB1 was more affected.

Simultaneous determination of albendazole and praziquantel by second derivative spectrophotometry and multivariated calibration methods in veterinary pharmaceutical formulation.

The simultaneous determination of albendazole (ABZ) and praziquantel (PZQ) was performed by different mathematical approaches: second derivative spectrophotometry (SDS), classical least squares, regression of partial least squares and principal components regression based on spectral data of drugs dissolved in methanol-hydrochloric acid solution. The detection limits for multivariate calibrations were determined by creating a surrogate variable signal. SDS presented the best analytical features.

UV-vis, IR and 1H NMR spectroscopic studies and characterization of ionic-pair crystal violet-oxytetracycline.

The present study shows the formation and characterization of the ionic-pair between the antibiotic oxytetracycline and the dye crystal violet in ammonia solution pH 9.0+/-0.2 extracted into chloroform.

An abiotic stress-responsive bZIP transcription factor from wild and cultivated tomatoes regulates stress-related genes.

Wild relatives of cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) are resistant to a wide range of abiotic and biotic stress conditions. In an effort to understand the molecular mechanisms of salt stress resistance in the wild and cultivated Solanum species, a basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor was identified in S. chilense, S.

Simultaneous determination of N-butylscopolamine and oxazepam in pharmaceutical formulations by first-order digital derivative spectrophotometry.

A simple method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of N-butylscopolamine bromide and oxazepam in pharmaceutical formulations using first-order digital derivative spectrophotometry. Acetonitrile was selected as the solvent in which both compounds showed well-defined bands. Both analytes showed good stability in this solvent when solutions of the analytes were exposed to light and temperatures between 20 degrees and 80 degrees C.