Protective and detrimental effects of kaempferol in rat H4IIE cells: implication of oxidative stress and apoptosis.

Flavonoids are ubiquitous substances in fruits and vegetables. Among them, the flavonol kaempferol contributes up to 30% of total dietary flavonoid intake. Flavonoids are assumed to exert beneficial effects on human health, e.

The phytoestrogen daidzein affects the antioxidant enzyme system of rat hepatoma H4IIE cells.

Phytoestrogens such as the soy isoflavonoid daidzein have potential health benefits. The antioxidant properties of phytoestrogens are considered to be responsible in part for their protective effects. The antioxidant enzyme (AOE) system plays an important role in the defense of cells against oxidative insults.