Objective and subjective assessment of accommodative insufficiency.

Significance: A variety of subjective and objective procedures are available to measure the amplitude of accommodation. However, it is unclear whether the standard criterion of Hofstetter's minimum minus 2 D can be used to diagnose accommodative insufficiency with each of these techniques.

Purpose: The use of objective dynamic retinoscopy and three subjective techniques to diagnosis accommodative insufficiency was examined.

A comparison of the reliability of dynamic retinoscopy and subjective measurements of amplitude of accommodation.

Purpose: Dynamic retinoscopy (DR) is an objective technique for assessing maximum accommodative responsivity. The present study examined the test-retest reliability of this procedure when measuring the amplitude of accommodation (AA).

Methods: In the first trial, the within-session repeatability of the AA was measured in 79 subjects between 18 and 30 years of age using DR and two subjective procedures, namely the modified push-down (MPD) and minus lens (ML) techniques.