High-frequency oscillatory ventilation associated with inhaled nitric oxide compared to pressure-controlled assist/control ventilation and inhaled nitric oxide in children: Randomized, non-blinded, crossover study.

Purpose: To compare the acute oxygenation effects of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) plus inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) with pressure-controlled assist/control ventilation (PCACV) plus iNO in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) children.

Methods: Children with AHRF, aged between 1 month and 14 years under PCACV with PEEP ≥ 10 cmH(2) O were randomly assigned to PCACV (PCVG, n = 14) or HFOV (HFVG, n = 14) in a crossover design. Oxygenation indexes and hemodynamic variables were recorded at enrollment (Tind), 1 hr after PCACV start (T0) and then every 4 hr (T4h, etc.

[Inhaled nitric oxide for children with acute respiratory distress syndrome].

Background And Objective: The objective of this study was to review the literature on inhaled nitric oxide to children with acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Contents: A review of literature and selection of the most important publications on inhaled nitric oxide, using the MedLine and Cochrane Systematic Review Databases. This review was organized as follows: introduction; metabolism and biological effects; clinical applications; dosage, gas administration and weaning process; warnings and side-effects.

[Red blood cell transfusion in children admitted in a pediatric intensive care unit].

Background And Objectives: Indications of red blood cell transfusion in critically ill children are not very well determined. This study aims to describe red blood cells transfusion practice at the PICU of UNESP-Botucatu Medical School.

Methods: Retrospective observational study of all patients who received transfusion during 2003.