A multi-center study of horizontal violence in United States military nursing.

Horizontal violence refers to repeated behaviors over time that intimidate or demean another. These behaviors may negatively impact the nursing workplace. The purpose of this study was to describe horizontal violence occurrence in the United States military nursing workplace and to determine the effectiveness of an educational intervention.

A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Mirror Therapy for Upper Extremity Phantom Limb Pain in Male Amputees.

Objective: Phantom limb pain (PLP) is prevalent in patients post-amputation and is difficult to treat. We assessed the efficacy of mirror therapy in relieving PLP in unilateral, upper extremity male amputees.

Methods: Fifteen participants from Walter Reed and Brooke Army Medical Centers were randomly assigned to one of two groups: mirror therapy ( = 9) or control ( = 6, covered mirror or mental visualization therapy).