Effects of strength training on osteogenic differentiation and bone strength in aging female Wistar rats.

The effects of strength training (ST) on the mechanical bone strength and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) from adult, aged and exercised aged rats were determined. The exercised aged animals displayed higher values of areal bone mineral density, compression test, alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) and biological mineralization, while oil red O staining for adipocytes was lower. ST increased gene expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), osterix (Osx) as well as bone matrix protein expression, and reduced expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (Pparγ).

Effect of different methods of polymerizing ocular prosthesis acrylic resin on a human conjunctival cell line.

Statement Of Problem: Ocular prosthesis acrylic resins should be biocompatible regardless of the polymerization method. The authors are unaware of a study that evaluated the biocompatibility of ocular prostheses.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of different methods of polymerizing ocular prosthesis acrylic resin.

Tracheal Smooth Muscle Cells Stimulated by Stem Cell Factor-c-Kit Coordinate the Production of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 and Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 Mediated by Chemokine (C-C Motif) Ligand 3.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the mechanism involved in the stem cell factor (SCF)-induced production of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3 (CCL3) in tracheal smooth muscle cells (tSMCs) and the signaling pathway involved in the process. tSMC primary cultures were stimulated with SCF and evaluated at 24 h. Cells treated with specific antibodies did not show any immunolabeling for cytokeratin or fibroblast activation protein, but were positive for α-smooth muscle actin, indicating the purity of the primary cell line.

In Vitro and In Vivo Toxicity Evaluation of Colloidal Silver Nanoparticles Used in Endodontic Treatments.

Introduction: Silver nanoparticles have been used for different purposes in dentistry, including endodontic treatments. The aim of this study was to determine the cytotoxicity of different types of silver nanoparticles on mouse fibroblast cell line L929 and the reaction of subcutaneous connective tissue of Wistar rats to these nanoparticles.

Methods: Silver nanoparticles of an average size of 5 nm were synthesized with ammonia (SNA) or polyvinylpyrrolidone (SNP).

Osteogenic markers are reduced in bone-marrow mesenchymal cells and femoral bone of young spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Aims: Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive rats (W) has significant changes in bone metabolism. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether, the genetic predisposition, is sufficient to induce changes in the osteoblast differentiation and osteogenic markers in the BMSCs or in the femoral bone. For this we use young SHR rats without hypertension, but, with genetic predisposition in compared with young W.

In vitro regulation of CCL3 and CXCL12 by bacterial by-products is dependent on site of origin of human oral fibroblasts.

Introduction: Production of chemokines by tissue resident cells is one of the main mechanisms involved in the inflammatory infiltrate formation during inflammation. The specific ability of fibroblasts from different oral tissues such as gingiva, periodontal ligament, and dental pulp from permanent and deciduous teeth in producing the chemokines CCL3 and CXCL12 under stimulation by bacterial products commonly found in endodontic infections was investigated.

Methods: Cultures of fibroblasts from gingiva and periodontal ligament as well as from dental pulp from permanent and deciduous teeth were established by using an explant technique and stimulated with increasing concentrations of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (EcLPS) and Enterococcus faecalis lipoteichoic acid (EfLTA) for 1, 6, and 24 hours.

CCL3 and CXCL12 production in vitro by dental pulp fibroblasts from permanent and deciduous teeth stimulated by Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the production of the chemokines CCL3 and CXCL12 by cultured dental pulp fibroblasts from permanent (PDPF) and deciduous (DDPF) teeth under stimulation by Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS (PgLPS).

Material And Methods: Primary culture of fibroblasts from permanent (n=3) and deciduous (n=2) teeth were established using an explant technique. After the fourth passage, fibroblasts were stimulated by increasing concentrations of PgLPS (0-10 µg/mL) at 1, 6 and 24 h.

VEGF-C expression in oral cancer by neurotransmitter-induced activation of beta-adrenergic receptors.

The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor type C (VEGF-C) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines through norepinephrine-induced activation of beta-adrenergic receptors. Human OSCC cell lines (SCC-9 and SCC-25) expressing beta-adrenergic receptors were stimulated with different concentrations of norepinephrine (0.1, 1, and 10 μM) and 1 μM of propranolol, and analyzed after 1, 6, and 24 h.

Lipopolysaccharide-induced stem cell factor messenger RNA expression and production in odontoblast-like cells.

Introduction: This study was done to evaluate the mechanism involved in stem cell factor (SCF) expression and production by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated odontoblast (OD)-like cells and to investigate the signal transduction pathway activated in the process.

Methods: ODs-like cells (MDPC-23) were stimulated with different LPS concentrations for 1, 6, and 24 hours. SCF expression in OD-like cells was analyzed by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, and SCF production was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Salivary alpha amylase and cortisol levels in children with global developmental delay and their relation with the expectation of dental care and behavior during the intervention.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the alpha-amylase (sAA) and cortisol levels in children with Global developmental delay (GDD) before and after dental treatment and its association with the children's behavior during treatment. The morning salivary cortisol levels and activity of sAA of 33 children with GDD were evaluated before and after dental treatment and were compared to 19 healthy children. The behavior of children with GDD during dental care was assessed by the Frankl scale.

Studies on the expression of fibroblast growth factor-2 from odontoblast-like cells.

Introduction: The goal of this study was to evaluate the mechanism involved in the expression of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) by odontoblast-like cells (ODs) stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) via p42/44, p38, and PI3K.

Methods: ODs (MDPC-23) were stimulated with LPS for 1, 6, and 24 hours. The FGF-2 expression was evaluated by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and protein production by Western blot analysis.

Evaluation of tissue reaction, cell viability and cytokine production induced by Sealapex Plus.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), Sealapex, and a combination of Sealapex and MTA (Sealapex Plus) on the reaction of subcutaneous connective tissue of rats, and on cell viability and cytokine production in mouse fibroblasts.

Material And Methods: The tissue reaction was carried out with dentin tubes containing the materials implanted in the dorsal connective tissue of rats. The histological analysis was performed after 7 and 30 days.

Stress hormones increase cell proliferation and regulates interleukin-6 secretion in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells.

Patients with oral cancer can have high psychological distress levels, but the effects of stress-related hormones on oral cancer cells and possible mechanisms underlying these relationships are unknown. In this study, we have investigated the effects of stress-related hormones on interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion and proliferation of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells. The effects of norepinephrine (NE), and cortisol were studied in SCC9, SCC15, and SCC25 cells and effects of isoproterenol in SCC9 and SCC25 cells.

Mineral trioxide aggregate stimulates macrophages and mast cells to release neutrophil chemotactic factors: role of IL-1beta, MIP-2 and LTB(4).

Objective: In the present study, the role of macrophages and mast cells in mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)-induced release of neutrophil chemotactic factor was investigated.

Study Design: MTA suspension (50 mg/mL) was plated over inserts on macrophages or mast cells for 90 minutes. Untreated cells served as controls.

Heat-killed Enterococcus faecalis alters nitric oxide and CXCL12 production but not CXCL8 and CCL3 production by cultured human dental pulp fibroblasts.

Introduction: Fibroblasts are the most abundant cells in dental pulp. To investigate their capacity to produce the chemokines CCL3, CXCL8, and CXCL12 as well as nitric oxide (NO), we evaluated the production of these mediators in supernatants of cultured human dental pulp fibroblasts (HDPF) stimulated by heat-killed Enterococcus faecalis (HKEF).

Methods: Primary cultures of HDPF were stimulated with medium alone or HKEF (1:1, 10:1, or 100:1 bacteria:fibroblast) for 1, 6, and 24 hours.

Leukotriene B4 is essential for selective eosinophil recruitment following allergen challenge of CD4+ cells in a model of chronic eosinophilic inflammation.

Subcutaneous heat-coagulated egg white implants (EWI) induce chronic, intense local eosinophilia in mice, followed by asthma-like responses to airway ovalbumin challenge. Our goal was to define the mechanisms of selective eosinophil accumulation in the EWI model. EWI carriers were challenged i.

MTA-induced neutrophil recruitment: a mechanism dependent on IL-1beta, MIP-2, and LTB4.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the mediators and the resident peritoneal cells involved in the neutrophil migration (NM) induced by mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) in mice.

Study Design: MTA (25 mg/cavity) was injected into normal and pretreated peritoneal cavities (PC) with indomethacin (IND), dexamethasone (DEX), BWA4C, U75302, antimacrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2), and anti-interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) antibodies and the NM was determined. The role of macrophage (MO) and mast cells (MAST) was determined by administration of thioglycollate 3% or 48/80 compound, respectively.

Mechanism of calcium hydroxide-induced neutrophil migration into air-pouch cavity.

The aim of this study was to investigate cellular migration induced by calcium hydroxide to air-pouch cavities in mice. The migration was more specific to neutrophil and was dose and time dependent (peaking 96 h after stimulation). This migration was inhibited by pretreatment with thalidomide, indomethacin, MK886, meloxicam, dexamethasone, MK886 associated with indomethacin, and MK886 associated with indomethacin and dexamethasone.

Neutrophil migration in inflammation: nitric oxide inhibits rolling, adhesion and induces apoptosis.

There is controversy in the literature over whether nitric oxide (NO) released during the inflammatory process has a pro- or inhibitory effect on neutrophil migration. The aim of the present investigation was to clarify this situation. Treatment of rats with non-selective, NG-nitro-L-arginine (nitro), or selective inducible NO synthase (iNOS), aminoguanidine (amino) inhibitors enhanced neutrophil migration 6h after the administration of low, but not high, doses of carrageenan (Cg) or Escherichia coli endotoxin (LPS).

The role of CCL22 (MDC) for the recruitment of eosinophils during allergic pleurisy in mice.

Eosinophils are important inflammatory cells in allergic diseases. In the present study, we have investigated the effects of CCL22 on the recruitment of eosinophils in vivo and in vitro. CCL22 induced a dose- and time-dependent recruitment of eosinophils into the pleural cavity of mice, and this was dependent on the release of platelet-activating factor (PAF) and subsequent generation of CCL11.

Stem cell factor induces eosinophil activation and degranulation: mediator release and gene array analysis.

Eosinophils are effector cells that play an important role in the damage induced by the allergic process by releasing inflammatory mediators and proteolytic factors after activation. Stem cell factor (SCF) is a primary cytokine involved in hematopoiesis and mast cell differentiation, proliferation, and activation. Studies have also indicated that SCF is directly involved in pathogenesis of allergic airway inflammation.

Increased responsiveness of murine eosinophils to MIP-1beta (CCL4) and TCA-3 (CCL1) is mediated by their specific receptors, CCR5 and CCR8.

In the present study, we investigated the regulation of chemokine-mediated responses and receptor expression on eosinophils from mice. MIP-1alpha (CCL3) and eotaxin (CCL11) induced a significant and only partially overlapping intracellular calcium flux in antigen-elicited and peripheral blood eosinophils, and MCP-1 (CCL2), MDC (CCL22), MIP-1beta (CCL4), and TCA-3 (CCL1) did not. To demonstrate functional use of the specific receptors, we examined chemotactic responses.