Photobiomodulation effects on active brain networks during a spatial memory task.

Photobiomodulation (PBM) or the use of red to near-infrared irradiation spectrum, is a non-invasive intervention that produces neurostimulatory effects and reaches benefits in several pathologies as well as in healthy subjects. The main objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the effects of PBM in a rat brain network on basal state and functional activity during the execution of a reversal task. Twenty-eight rats were divided into four groups: control group (n = 7), control photobiomodulation group (n = 8), behavioural group (n = 6) and behavioural photobiomodulation group (n = 7).

Photobiomodulation rescues cognitive flexibility in early stressed subjects.

Neglectful parenting is one of the most prevalent forms of child mistreatment. This early life stress leads to long-term alterations in all the psychological domains, as well as brain alterations. Animal models have been developed to emulate and further study this early life stress, and one of most widely used models is maternal separation.