The effects of a small-dose naloxone infusion on opioid-induced side effects and analgesia in children and adolescents treated with intravenous patient-controlled analgesia: a double-blind, prospective, randomized, controlled study.

Opioids are frequently associated with side effects such as nausea, vomiting, and pruritus. We hypothesized that a prophylactic, continuous small-dose naloxone infusion would reduce the incidence of opioid-induced side effects without affecting analgesia or opioid consumption. In this prospective, double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial, we studied 46 postoperative patients (M:F, 21:25), averaging 14 +/- 2.

The association of intraoperative neuraxial anesthesia on anticipated admission to the intensive care unit.

Study Objective: To determine whether use of intraoperative neuraxial anesthesia would decrease the frequency of ICU admission postoperatively in orthopedic patients.

Design: Retrospective chart review.

Setting: University hospital.