Biomarkers.

Background: Cerebrovascular disease features as the most common comorbidity in older individuals with dementia. White matter (WM) injury identified through white matter hyperintensities (WMH) on FLAIR represents evident late-stage pathophysiological manifestations of CVD. This study aims to assess the role of baseline microstructural WM integrity, using free water (FW), a measure from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), in predicting WMH growth dynamic.

Multilayer Nanocarrier for the Codelivery of Interferons: A Promising Strategy for Biocompatible and Long-Acting Antiviral Treatment.

Interferons (IFNs) are cytokines involved in the immune response with a synergistic regulatory effect on the immune response. They are therapeutics for various viral and proliferative conditions, with proven safety and efficacy. Their clinical application is challenging due to the molecules' size, degradation, and pharmacokinetics.

Periprosthetic Hip Fracture due to Ballistic Injuries.

Periprosthetic hip fractures are a common cause for revision. To date, however, there are no reports of periprosthetic fractures (PFs) in total hip arthroplasty caused by ballistic injury (BI). There are no current recommendations on the management of this pathology in the literature.

Critical swimming speed at different temperatures for small-bodied freshwater native riverine fish species.

This study evaluated the effect of fish total length (L) and three water temperatures (10, 15 and 20 °C) on the critical swimming speed (U) of the species Percilia irwini (2.9-6.3 cm L), Cheirodon galusdae (3.

Wild Patagonian yeast improve the evolutionary potential of novel interspecific hybrid strains for lager brewing.

Lager yeasts are limited to a few strains worldwide, imposing restrictions on flavour and aroma diversity and hindering our understanding of the complex evolutionary mechanisms during yeast domestication. The recent finding of diverse S. eubayanus lineages from Patagonia offers potential for generating new lager yeasts with different flavour profiles.

Design and functional characterization of Salmo salar TLR5 agonist peptides derived from high mobility group B1 acidic tail.

Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) responds to the monomeric form of flagellin and induces the MyD88-depending signaling pathway, activating proinflammatory transcription factors such as NF-κB and the consequent induction of cytokines. On the other hand, HMGB1 is a highly conserved non-histone chromosomal protein shown to interact with and activate TLR5. The present work aimed to design and characterize TLR5 agonist peptides derived from the acidic tail of Salmo salar HMGB1 based on the structural knowledge of the TLR5 surface using global molecular docking platforms.

What a mix! Volatile organic compounds and worker exposure in small business beauty salons in Tucson, Arizona.

Introduction: Small business beauty salons have volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in their workplace air. VOCs are present as ingredients in beauty or hair products. They may also form because of chemical reactions, where thermal-styling elements accelerate the volatilization of these compounds.

The AO classification system for tibial plateau fractures: An independent inter and intraobserver agreement study.

Purpose: Classifying tibial plateau fractures is paramount in determining treatment regimens and systemizing decision making. The original AO classification described by Müller in 1996 and the Schatzker classification of 1970 are the most cited classifications for tibial plateau fractures, demonstrating substantial to almost perfect agreement. The main problem with these classifications schemes is that they lack the detail required to convey the variety of fracture patterns encountered.

Studying full-shift inhalation exposures to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) among Latino workers in very small-sized beauty salons and auto repair shops.

Background: One in every 200 US jobs is in a beauty salon or auto repair shop, where workers are regularly exposed to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that may cause a range of short- and long-term health issues. In these shops, Latino workers are overrepresented and lack culturally and linguistically appropriate industrial hygiene resources. This leaves a gap in knowledge on inhalation exposures to VOCs in this hard-to-reach and ubiquitous worker population.

Isolation, characterization, and immunomodulatory activity evaluation of probiotic strains from colostrum and canine milk.

Background: This study aimed to characterize potential probiotic strains for use in dogs to prevent infectious enteropathies. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from canine milk and colostrum were characterized according to their functional properties, including their resistance to gastrointestinal conditions, inhibitory effect against pathogens, and intestinal adhesion.

Methods: The immunomodulatory effects of the strains were also analyzed in and studies.

Multi-Site Cross-Site Inter-Rater and Test-Retest Reliability and Construct Validity of the MarkVCID White Matter Hyperintensity Growth and Regression Protocol.

Background: White matter hyperintensities (WMH) that occur in the setting of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) may be dynamic increasing or decreasing volumes or stable over time. Quantifying such changes may prove useful as a biomarker for clinical trials designed to address vascular cognitive-impairment and dementia and Alzheimer's Disease.

Objective: Conducting multi-site cross-site inter-rater and test-retest reliability of the MarkVCID white matter hyperintensity growth and regression protocol.

Chitosan Microparticles Enhance the Intestinal Release and Immune Response of an Immune Stimulant Peptide in .

The aquaculture industry is constantly increasing its fish production to provide enough products to maintain fish consumption worldwide. However, the increased production generates susceptibility to infectious diseases that cause losses of millions of dollars to the industry. Conventional treatments are based on antibiotics and antivirals to reduce the incidence of pathogens, but they have disadvantages, such as antibiotic resistance generation, antibiotic residues in fish, and environmental damage.

Thinking on your feet: Beauty and auto small businesses maneuver the risks of the COVID-19 pandemic.

On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization officially declared SARS-CoV-2 a pandemic, and governments and health institutions enacted various public health measures to decrease its transmission rate. The COVID-19 pandemic made occupational health disparities for small businesses more visible and created an unprecedented financial burden, particularly for those located in communities of color. In part, communities of color experienced disproportionate mortality and morbidity rates from COVID-19 due to their increased exposure.

Understanding the Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Small Businesses and Workers Using Quantitative and Qualitative Methods.

The COVID-19 pandemic has simultaneously exacerbated and elucidated inequities in resource distribution for small businesses across the United States in terms of worker health and the financial stability of both owners and employees. This disparity was further intensified by the constantly changing and sometimes opposing health and safety guidelines and recommendations to businesses from the local, state, and federal government agencies. To better understand how the pandemic has impacted small businesses, a cross-sectional survey was administered to owners, managers, and workers (n = 45) in the beauty and auto shop sectors from Southern Arizona.

New strategy for the design, production and pre-purification of chimeric peptide with immunomodulatory activity in Salmosalar.

The intensive salmon farming is associated with massive outbreaks of infections. The use of antibiotics for their prevention and control is related to damage to the environment and human health. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been proposed as an alternative to the use of antibiotics for their antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities.

[Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood associated with a pathogenic variant of the ATP1A3 gene].

Introduction: Alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC), is a rare disease characterized by episodes of hemi/quadriplegia, dystonic postures, abnormal eye movements, and movement disorders. ATP1A3 gene mu tations are the most frequently associated with AHC.

Objective: To present a clinical case of AHC, where genetic study and the observation of home videos were of great diagnostic utility.

COVID-19 and neurologic manifestations: a synthesis from the child neurologist's corner.

Background: Since December 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has been a global health issue. The main clinical presentation of this virus is a flu-like disease; however, patients with diverse neurologic manifestations have also been reported. In this review, we attempt to summarize, discuss and update the knowledge of the neurologic manifestations in the pediatric population affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection and the pandemic's effects in children with neurologic diseases.

A Comparative Study of Analog Preoperative Planning Versus Virtual Preoperative Planning for Mandibular Reconstruction With Fibula Free Flap.

Mandibular reconstruction is a challenging procedure, especially in cancer patients with defects that are greater than 6 cm. Free vascularized fibular flap is the gold standard treatment in these cases since it allows three-dimensional restoration of the lost segments after ablative surgery in addition to providing the possibility of a subsequent implant-supported rehabilitation improving the functional and aesthetic outcomes of the surgery.To obtain accurate results, preoperative planning must be done with detail.

Advancing Inclusive Research: Establishing Collaborative Strategies to Improve Diversity in Clinical Trials.

Well-characterized disparities in clinical research have disproportionately affected patients of color, particularly in underserved communities. To tackle these barriers, Genentech formed the External Council for Advancing Inclusive Research, a 14-person committee dedicated to developing strategies to increase clinical research participation. To help improve the recruitment and retention of patients of color, this article chronicles our efforts to tangibly address the clinical research barriers at the system, study, and patient levels over the last four years.

Hip Fractures in the Elderly During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Latin-American Perspective With a Minimum 90-Day Follow-Up.

Introduction: Hip fracture patients have been severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic; however, the sub acute effects of a concomitant SARS-CoV-2 infection and the outcomes in highly exposed developing countries are still unknown. Our objective is to describe the morbidity and mortality of elderly patients admitted for a hip fracture during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile, with a minimum 90-day follow-up. Also, to elucidate predictors for mortality and to compare mortality results with the pre-pandemic era.

A Medium-Term Field Experiment to Study the Effect of Managing Soil Chemical Properties on Fusarium Wilt in Banana ( AAA).

f. sp. (Foc) is a soil-borne fungus causing Fusarium wilt (FW) in banana.

Neurologic Features Associated With SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children: A Case Series Report.

Introduction: Although multiple neurologic manifestations associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection have been described in adults, there is little information about those presented in children. Here, we described neurologic manifestations associated with COVID-19 in the pediatric population.

Methods: Retrospective case series report.

The consumption of milk supplemented with probiotics decreases the occurrence of caries and the salivary concentration of hβD-3 in children.

Objectives: This study evaluated the effect of milk supplemented with Lactobacillus rhamnosus SP1 on the occurrence of caries and the salivary concentration of human β-defensin-3 (hβD-3) in preschool children with high caries risk.

Materials And Methods: A sample of 42 children was randomly assigned to two groups; children in the intervention group were given 150 mL of milk supplemented with 10 CFU/mL of Lactobacillus rhamnosus SP1, while children in the control group were given standard milk, for 10 months. The occurrence of dental caries was assessed using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS), and the concentration of hβD-3 was measured in unstimulated saliva using an ELISA test at baseline and after the intervention.