Endocrine disrupting effects on morphological synaptic plasticity.

Neural regulation of the homeostasis depends on healthy synaptic function. Adaptation of synaptic functions to physiological needs manifests in various forms of synaptic plasticity (SP), regulated by the normal hormonal regulatory circuits. During the past several decades, the hormonal regulation of animal and human organisms have become targets of thousands of chemicals that have the potential to act as agonists or antagonists of the endogenous hormones.

[Hungarian adaptation of the Caregiver Priorities and Child Health Index of Life with Disabilities questionnaire].

Introduction: Caregiver Priorities and Child Health Index of Life with Disabilities (CPCHILD) questionnaire is a measurement tool for assessing health status and wellbeing of disabled children, which evaluates children's quality of life from the caregiver point of view.

Objective: The aim of our work was the Hungarian translation and cultural adaptation of the questionnaire and also validation of the CPCHILD on Hungarian cerebral palsy patients. Further aim was to test the eligibility of the questionnaire for superficial assessment of caregiver's psychological attitudes.

Co-occurrence of neurofibromatosis type 1 and pseudoachondroplasia - a first case report.

Background: Neurofibromatosis type 1 and pseudoachondroplasia are both rare autosomal dominant disorders, caused by pathogenic mutations in NF1 and COMP genes, respectively. Both neurofibromin 1 and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) play a role in the development of the skeleton. Carrying both germline mutations has not been previously reported; however, it can affect the developing phenotype.

Characterization of Three Pleiotropic Drug Resistance Transporter Genes and Their Participation in the Azole Resistance of .

Mucormycosis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection caused by certain members of the fungal order Mucorales. This infection is associated with high mortality rate, which can reach nearly 100% depending on the underlying condition of the patient. Treatment of mucormycosis is challenging because these fungi are intrinsically resistant to most of the routinely used antifungal agents, such as most of the azoles.

[Botulinum toxin treatment in children with cerebral palsy].

Botulinum toxin is used for decreasing spasticity, improving gait pattern and preventing secondary deformities and orthopedic surgeries in children with cerebral palsy. Despite its wide use, there is no evidence for the long-term beneficial effect of the toxin. The authors focused on the short-term effects of the toxin and on the subjective evaluation done by the parents about the botox treatment.

Approximate Counting of Graphical Realizations.

In 1999 Kannan, Tetali and Vempala proposed a MCMC method to uniformly sample all possible realizations of a given graphical degree sequence and conjectured its rapidly mixing nature. Recently their conjecture was proved affirmative for regular graphs (by Cooper, Dyer and Greenhill, 2007), for regular directed graphs (by Greenhill, 2011) and for half-regular bipartite graphs (by Miklós, Erdős and Soukup, 2013). Several heuristics on counting the number of possible realizations exist (via sampling processes), and while they work well in practice, so far no approximation guarantees exist for such an approach.

Epiphysis preserving resection of malignant proximal tibial tumours.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the treatment of five patients with proximal tibial epiphysis preserving resection for malignant tumours of the tibia.

Method: Three patients suffered from Ewing sarcoma, two had osteosarcoma. The proximal level of the resection was in the line of the growth plate in four patients, and 2 cm below of the growth plate in one patient.

[Epidemiology, predictors and clinical aspects of loss of response to biological therapy].

In the last two decades, the treatment paradigms for Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis have significantly changed inclusive of a continuously increasing role of biological therapy (anti TNFs). Some patients, however, experience lack or loss of response to biological treatment, and in such cases the management of patients is often empirical. In this review, the authors aim to summarize the available data regarding epidemiology and predictors of loss of response to biological therapy considering the clinical factors and the relationship between serum concentrations, antibodies against biological agents, respectively.

[Verrucous carcinoma of the anal margin. The importance of adequate biopsy technique].

Buschke-Löwenstein tumor (verrucous carcinoma, giant condylomata) of the anal margin is a locally invasive, destructively growing carcinoma that does not metastasize. The lesions are rare despite the increased incidence of anal condylomata and anal carcinomas. Authors report a case of a 63-year-old woman suffering from verrucous carcinoma (Buschke-Löwenstein tumor) of the anal margin.

Possible mistakes in prediction of bone maturation in fibular hemimelia by Moseley chart.

The purpose of this study was to establish a nomogram in order to predict limb length discrepancies in children with unilateral fibular hemimelia more accurately. In 31 children with unilateral fibular hemimelia the femoral-tibial length and skeletal age were determined an average of seven times per case by sequential radiographs during growth. From the data, a skeletal age nomogram was developed which shows a steeply declining mean skeletal age pattern in unilateral fibular hemimelia (the slope in girls was -0.

Videothoracoscopic treatment of a rare complication of nasojejunal tube insertion.

Objective: Intubation of the tracheobronchial tree is the most common type of malposition during the placement of narrow-bore enternal tubes.

Case Report: In addition to other treatment components in a 65-year-old female, nasojejunal feeding was started to treat her for severe acute pancreatitis. After the placement of the narrow-bore feeding tube, she developed dyspnea and huskiness.

Structural changes in the lengthened rabbit muscle.

This study evaluated the histological changes in muscle tissue after limb lengthening in skeletally mature and immature rabbits and assessed the most vulnerable level of striated muscle. Twenty-three male domestic white rabbits, divided into six groups, were operated on and different lengthening protocols were used in the mature and immature rabbits. The histopathological changes were analysed by a semi-quantitative method according to the scoring system of Lee et al.

Dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica (Trevor's disease): 7 of our own cases and a review of the literature.

Background And Purpose: Dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica is characterized by irregular overgrowth of cartilage in the epiphysis, usually affecting the knee and ankle. We treated 7 children by surgery between 1980 and 2005. After reporting one child case, we summarize our cases and the cases described in the literature.

The presence of carboxypeptidase-M in tumour cells signifies epidermal growth factor receptor expression in lung adenocarcinomas: the coexistence predicts a poor prognosis regardless of EGFR levels.

Purpose: Carboxypeptidase-M (CPM) is a membrane-bound peptidase that metabolizes peptides, and is present in pneumocytes. CPM hydrolyses the C-terminal arginine of epidermal growth factor (EGF) resulting in des-Arg53-EGF which binds to the EGF receptor (EGFR) with an equal or greater affinity than native EGF. Therefore, this study focused on the possible presence of CPM in human lung adenocarcinomas (ADC) and evaluated the relationship between CPM and EGFR by assessing the impact of expressions on patient clinical outcome.

The humerus is the best place for bone lengthening.

The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of lengthening the humerus in children and young adults. Between 1984 and 2005, the Orthopaedic Department of Semmelweis University elongated 11 humeri (ten patients) for reasons of congenital hypoplasia (four cases), osteomyelitis (three cases), epiphyseolysis, growth plate closure after irradiation and obstetrical paralysis (one case each). The study cohort consisted of five females and five males, with an average age at the time of surgery of 17.

[The role of volume reduction surgery in the therapy of early stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

The role of volume reduction surgery in the therapy of early stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. COPD is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Assessment of COPD severity is based on the level of patient's symptoms, the severity of the spirometric abnormality and the presence of complications, such as respiratory failure, and right heart failure.

[Results in 42 non-resectable NSCLC IIA-B patients with initial concurrent Taxotere-Cisplatin chemoradiotherapy].

Goals: A prospective multicenter study to treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with inductive chemoradiotherapy for improving chances of operability. If used as first-line therapy, combined treatment improves survival and it is well tolerated with a low rate of side effects.

Patients: 42 patients with stage IIIA-B NSCLC from which 36 could be followed.

The incidence of avascular necrosis of the healthy, contralateral femoral head at the end of the use of Pavlik harness in unilateral hip dysplasia.

We examined the incidence of avascular necrosis (AVN) of the healthy femoral head in unilateral hip dysplasia at the end of the use of the Pavlik harness. The evaluation of AVN was done with the help of standardised roentgenograms. Between 1974 and 1982, 1,064 dysplastic hips (869 children) were treated with the Pavlik harness at the Orthopaedic Department of Semmelweis University.

Osteochondritis (Calvé's disease) of a vertebral body--a rare form of vertebra plana.

In 1925, Calvé described vertebra plana as an aseptic necrosis of bone involving a single vertebral body of the spinal column. This theory was set aside in 1954 by Compere, who concluded that vertebra plana is caused by eosinophilic granuloma and not by osteochondritis as suggested by Calvé. It has been well documented in literature that many factors other than eosinophilic granuloma can cause vertebra plana-like destruction of the vertebral body.

Effect of magnesium on essential oil formation of genetically transformed and non-transformed chamomile cultures.

Objective: The importance of chamomile (Chamomilla recutita) is widely known in classical and folk medicine, with the largest group of its effective substances forming the essential oil (chamazulene, alpha-bisabolol, trans-beta-farnesene, spathulenol, cis/trans-en-in-dicycloethers). The increasing need for plant-derived high quality drugs cannot be provided by their collection in the wilderness. METHOD A: To preserve the genome of Szabadkigyo.

Absorption and effect of the magnesium content of a mineral water in the human body.

Objective: The kinetics of magnesium (Mg) absorption, after drinking Magnesia mineral water (204 mg Mg/L), was investigated in healthy humans aged (23-60 yrs).

Methods: Serum Mg, calcium (Ca), potassium (K) and sodium (Na) content, blood hemoglobin, erythrocyte and white blood cell counts as well as urinary volume and urine Mg content were evaluated. Subjects drank 1.

Magnesium-content of Rhizobium nodules in different plants: the importance of magnesium in nitrogen-fixation of nodules.

Objective: Rhizobium bacteria induce nodules (tumors) in roots of leguminous crops that fix nitrogen (N2) from the atmosphere.

Methods: Trials were carried on in sterile perlite where two species of peas were grown hydroponically, and in two different soil types (brown forest soil and meadow silt soil), in a field where different leguminous plants were chosen for test plants: lupin, soybean, broad-bean, lentil and bean inoculated by Rhizobium bacteria. The Mg-content of the nutrient solution was higher than that of the control, but in the soil tests 1% Mg leaf fertilization was applied after bacterial inoculation.

Open adductor tenotomy in the prevention of hip subluxation in cerebral palsy.

We reviewed radiographs of 76 hips in 41 patients with cerebral palsy treated with open adductor tenotomy because of hip subluxation. The majority of patients suffered from spastic diplegia. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of adductor release on hip subluxation.

Magnesium-orotate supplementation for idiopathic infertile male patients: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical pilot study.

A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical pilot study was performed in order to examine the effect of magnesium-orotate in male idiopathic infertility. Ten males were treated daily for 90 consecutive days with 3000 mg magnesium-orotate (Magnerot) tablets (Group M). As a control, ten other males were treated in the same way with placebo (Group P).

Expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha protein in the subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue in correlation with adipocyte cell volume, serum TNF-alpha, soluble serum TNF-receptor-2 concentrations and C-peptide level.

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha protein in the subcutaneous and visceral adipose tIssue in correlation with adipocyte cell Volume, serum TNF-alpha, soluble TNF-receptor-2 (sTNFR-2) and indirect parameters of insulin resistance in overweight/obese and lean healthy persons.

Design: A cross-sectional case-control study was used.

Patients: Twenty-eight overweight/obese probands with normal glucose tolerance (BMI>27 kg/m(2)) and 15 lean people (BMI<25 kg/m(2)), all of them undergoing planned surgical operation, participated in the study.