Outer membrane vesicles of DS002 carry circular DNA similar to bovine meat and milk factors (BMMFs) and SPHINX 2.36 and probably play a role in interdomain lateral gene transfer.

Unlabelled: The discovery of Replication Competent Circular DNA molecules in mammalian cells and tissues is being linked to debilitating diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), and colorectal cancer (CRC). These circular DNA molecules, otherwise known as bovine meat and milk factors (BMMFs) and Slow Progressive Hidden INfections of variable (X) latency (SPHINX), bear significant (80%) sequence similarity with the plasmids of strains. Nanostructures, such as bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) serve as vehicles for transporting biomolecular cargo and have the potential to facilitate interkingdom lateral mobility of DNA.